Oracle Database 19c

(Your next ORACLE_HOME)

Y V Ravi Kumar
Oracle Certified Master

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Y V Ravi Kumar (YVR)

• 27+ years of experience in Information Technology

• Oracle Certified Master (OCM)
• MySQL Customer Advisory Board (CAB)
• 100+ Oracle Technology Network (OTN) - English, Portuguese & Spanish
• Speaker 4x @Oracle Open/Cloud World (OOW), San Francisco, US
• Co-author (x6) books
https://images.springer.com/sgw/books/medium/9781484223277.jpg https://images.springer.com/sgw/books/medium/9781484243503.jpg

• Technical Reviewer (x6) books

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Oracle Database 19c (Your next ORACLE_HOME)

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Why upgrade to Oracle 12cR2 (12.2) Release Family ?

Oracle 12c (Oracle 12.2.0.1), Oracle 18c (12.2.0.2), Oracle 19c (12.2.0.3)

o Upgrading from Oracle 11g (11.2.0.4), Oracle 12c (12.1.0.2) to Oracle

12cR2 family is a straight procedures/methods.

o Upgrading from Oracle 11g (11.2.0.4), Oracle 12c (12.1.0.2) to Oracle 19c
(12.2.0.3), only name implies to Oracle 19c but it is Oracle 12cR2 family.

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Oracle Database Release and Support Timelines

Oracle 11g and Oracle 12c are in Market Driven Support (MDS) ending in Y2025.

Oracle 19c (Oracle 12.2.0.3) current long-term support ending in Y2032.

Always check My Oracle Support (MOS) Note 742060.1 for the latest schedule
Oracle Database 11.2 Market Driven Support (MDS) - (Doc ID 2728619.1)

MDS: This is a new limited type of support aimed for products that are about to leave Extended Support and
move to Sustaining Support.
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Direct Upgrade to Oracle 19c (Autougrade Tool)

New AutoUpgrade Tool

11.2.0.4 Oracle Database Autoupgrade tool allows

DBAs to upgrade one or many databases
without human intervention.

12.1.0.2 The Autoupgrade utility identifies issues

19c
Ships with Oracle Database 19c (19.3), but should always download the latest via
before upgrades, MOSupgrades,
deploys Note 2485457.1
performs post upgrade actions, and brings
12.2.0.1 up the upgraded Oracle Database.

Supports upgrading from 11.2.0.4,

18c 12.1.0.2, 12.2.0.1 and 18c source
databases.

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Backwards Compatible (Autougrade Tool)

❖ Autoupgrade made upgrading easy. Now Autoupgrade made patching just as easy.

❖ Autoupgrade functionality extended to patching.

❖ Autoupgrade functionality extended Refreshable Clone functionality.

Always use the latest version of AutoUpgrade Download from My Oracle Support (2485457.1)

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Autoupgrade Patching Feature

❑ AutoUpgrade Patching feature

extends the AutoUpgrade upgrade
capabilities for patching process,
which enables you to perform out-of-
19.14.0 19.17.0
place patching for multiple databases
using a single command.

❑ With the latest release of Run the AutoUpgrade in Analyze mode

AutoUpgrade tool the AutoUpgrade [oracle@19c-src]$ $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -config
Patching procedure can be used to autoupg_19c_patch.cfg -mode analyze
apply Release Update (RU), Release
Update Revision (RUR), and one-off Run the AutoUpgrade in Deploy mode
patches to your databases by using [oracle@19c-src]$ $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar
out-of-place patching method. $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/autoupgrade.jar -config
autoupg_19c_patch.cfg -mode deploy

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Distributed Database Upgrade via RAC using Autoupgrade

❖ Distributed upgrade uses all nodes resulting in faster upgrades of CDBs.

❖ This feature spreads the upgrade workload of CDB databases across the RAC nodes. It reduces the
number of upgrades performed on one specific nodes and spreads that workload across multiple
nodes in the cluster taking advantage of available resources in the RAC nodes.

$ cat RACDB.cfg

global.autoupg_log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade
upg1.log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/ RACDB
upg1.source_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1
upg1.target_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/19
upg1.sid= RACDB
upg1.tune_setting=distributed_upgrade=true

$ java -jar autoupgrade.jar -config RACDB.cfg -mode deploy

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Distributed Database Upgrade via RAC using Autoupgrade

❖ By default, AutoUpgrade uses two nodes. To enable more nodes.

❖ Specifies that AutoUpgrade performs a distributed upgrade. A distributed upgrade leverages the
resources of the Oracle Clusterware cluster member nodes to perform the upgrades of PDBs
more rapidly on the cluster.

❖ $ cat RACDB.cfg global.autoupg_log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade

❖ upg1.log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/RACDB
upg1.source_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1
upg1.target_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/19 upg1.sid=RACDB
upg1.tune_setting=distributed_upgrade=true,active_nodes_limit=n

❖ $ java -jar autoupgrade.jar -config RACDB.cfg -mode deploy

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Deprecated in Oracle 19c GI

The addnode script is deprecated in Oracle 19c Grid Infrastructure.

• The functionality of adding nodes to clusters is now available in the installer wizard.
• The installer wizard provides many enhancements over the addnode script.

Oracle 12c
(12.1.0.2)

Oracle 19c Oracle 12c

(19.3.0) (12.1.0.2)

Oracle 12c
(12.1.0.2)

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19c Database Self-Guided Upgrade with Best Practices

19c Database Self-Guided Upgrade with Best Practices (Doc ID 1919.2)

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Database Features and Licensing App

https://apex.oracle.com/database-features/

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DryRun validation of Clusterware upgrade

Oracle GI installation wizard, gridsetup.sh now enables you to perform a dry-run mode upgrade to check system’s
readiness for upgrade.

In dry-run upgrade mode, the wizard performs all readiness checks that it performs in an actual upgrade, allowing you
to verify if the system is ready for upgrade.

To perform Oracle GI dry-run upgrade:

a. Create a new Grid Home with the necessary user group permissions.
b. Extract the Oracle GI 19c gold image
c. Start the installer with –DryRunForUpgrade
d. ./gridSetup.sh –applyRU /u01/software/32895426 -dryRunForUpgrade

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DryRun validation of Clusterware upgrade

Check the gridSetupActions<timestamp>.log file for errors and fix errors reported in the log file.

[root@rac1 install]# sh /u01/app/19.3.0.0/grid/rootupgrade.sh

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DryRun validation of Clusterware upgrade

❖ Use dry-run upgrade mode of Oracle GI installation, gridSetup.sh, to configure the Grid Home and copy
the binaries to the rest of the nodes.

❖ This step will take some time to complete, by doing it at this point, we are reducing the downtime
required during the actual Grid Infrastructure Upgrade.

❖ Actual upgrade it will skip GI software copy to the other cluster nodes.

Execute Dry-
Run Mode in
Interactive
Mode

Execute Dry-
Run Mode in
Silent Mode

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Zero-Downtime Oracle Grid Infrastructure Patching

Oracle 19c GI (19.6.0) running on Oracle Linux 8.0 with no ACFS/AFD configured.
• Existing GI Home: /u01/app/19.3.0/grid with applied Oracle 19c (19.6.0) RU
• Existing RDBMS Home: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1 with applied Oracle 19c (19.6.0) RU

Install Oracle 19c GI (19.3.0) and apply Oracle 19c (19.7.0) RU in a separate GI Home
• New GI Home: /u01/app/19.7.0/grid
• ./gridSetup.sh -applyPSU /home/oracle/30899722
• Chose the option "Install Software only" and select all the nodes.
Zero-Downtime Oracle Grid Infrastructure Patching (ZDOGIP) (Doc ID 2635015.1)
Switching the Grid Infrastructure Home
• Run the gridSetup.sh from the target home
• /u01/app/19.7.0/grid/gridSetup.sh -SwitchGridhome
• Execute the following script in all cluster nodes
• /u01/app/19.7.0/grid/root.sh -transparent -nodriverupdate

Finally Oracle GI will be Oracle 19c (19.7.0) and Oracle RDBMS will be Oracle 19c (19.6.0)

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Zero-Downtime Oracle Grid Infrastructure Patching

This script
has to
execute
from
target
home only
in one
node

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Zero-Downtime Oracle Grid Infrastructure Patching

This feature is recommended for the configurations that do *not* have (ACFS/AFD/OKA/OLFS).
This script
execute in
all the
cluster
nodes
with
specified
options

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Zero-Downtime Oracle Grid Infrastructure Patching

https://yvrk1973.blogspot.com/2020/08/oracle-19c-1960-zero-downtime-oracle.html

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Oracle Database 19c Important Recommended One-off Patches

The information below lists additional patches(includes both rolling and non-rolling) recommended to be installed on top
of each RU.

Oracle Database 19c Important Recommended One-off Patches (Doc ID 555.1)

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Data Pump Recommended Proactive Patches (DPBPs)

❖ The Data Pump Bundled Patch (DPBP)can be installed while the database is running, provided that Data Pump or the DBMS_METADATA
procedures are not currently in use. It is a Non-Binary Online Patch, but it is not a RAC Rolling Patch.

Data Pump Recommended Proactive Patches For 19.10 and Above (Doc ID 2819284.1)

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Monthly Recommended Patches (MRPs)

❖ Customer get access to recommended, well-tested, one-off patches without having to request a
patch bundle after the release of an RU.
❖ MRPs replace Release Update Revisions (RURs).
❖ MRPs are available on Linux only.
❖ MRP1 for Oracle 19c (19.17) ships in Nov 2022.
❖ Reducing the number of one-off patches

Introducing Monthly Recommended Patches (MRPs) and FAQ (Doc ID 2898740.1)

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Monthly Recommended Patches (MRPs)

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Oracle 19c - Active Data Guard DML Redirection

DML Re-direction is automatically performed from an ADG standby to the primary without compromising
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability (ACID).

Incidental Data Manipulation Language (DML) operations can be run on Active Data Guard standby
databases. This allows more applications to benefit from using an Active Data Guard standby database when
some writes are required.

New documented parameter ADG_REDIRECT_DML controls DML Redirection.

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Oracle 19c - Active Data Guard DML Redirection

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Oracle 19c - Active Data Guard DML Redirection

❖ DML redirection helps in load balancing between the primary and standby databases. When incidental DML is
issued on an Active Data Guard standby database, the update is passed to the primary database where it is
executed. The resulting redo of the transaction updates the standby database after which control is returned to the
application.

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Running PL/SQL Operations Active Data Guard Databases

o PL/SQL blocks that you run on Active Data Guard Standby databases can be
redirected to and run on the primary database.

o The PL/SQL blocks should not contain bind variables.

o To redirect PL/SQL operations that are run on a standby to the primary ,

configure automatic redirection on the standby database:

SQL> ALTER SESSION ENABLE ADG_REDIRECT_PLSQL;

o You can configure automatic redirection for PL/SQL operations only at the
session level.

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Dynamic Services Fallback Option in 19c

A Service fails over to an available instance when there are no preferred instances available.

For a dynamic service that is placed using preferred and available settings, you can now specify that the
service should fall back to a preferred instance when it becomes available.

This option allows for more control in placing dynamic database services and ensures that a given
service is available on a preferred instance as much as possible.

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Dynamic Services Fallback Option in 19c

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Status of Dynamic Service

The fix for

29891936 is
included 21c.

Note: srvctl config

service does not
report state of
failback when it is
"NO“.

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Oracle 19c - Active Data Guard - Multi-Instance Redo Apply

Parallel redo log apply on Oracle RAC physical standby database.

Multi-Instance Redo Apply (MIRA) starting with Oracle 12cR2 (12.2), MIRA greatly improves scalability of redo
apply for Oracle RAC databases

Oracle Database 19c supports the In Memory Column Store (IMCS)

The ApplyInstances property lets you specify how many physical standby instances run Redo Apply.

Activation the number of apply instances is

controlled by the Data Guard Broker database
property ApplyInstances or the following
SQL*Plus command
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED
STANDBY DATABASE INSTANCES [ALL|integer];

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Oracle 19c - Active Data Guard - Multi-Instance Redo Apply

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect

using instances 3;
Database altered.

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DGMGRL> edit database "RCVCAT_DR" set property

'ApplyInstances'='3';
Property "ApplyInstances" updated

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Oracle 19c - Active Data Guard - Multi-Instance Redo Apply

Recommended Bundle Patch for MIRA(Multi Instance Redo Apply) (Doc ID 2710939.1)

NOTE:

1. If the Bundle Patch is not available or conflicts with your version, contact Oracle support to request a Patch.

2. Most of the bug fix are included in 19.11.0.0.210420DBRU except few. Discussion going on with development to get
an inclusion.

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Replicating Restore Points from Primary to Physical Standby

Restore points that are created on a primary database are automatically replicated to the physical standby
database.

The Restore points created on the physical standby database are called replicated restore points.

Oracle database automatically replicates restore points from a primary database to the physical standby
database when the following conditions are met:
• The compatible parameter should be set to 19.0.0 or higher.
• The primary database is open.

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Replicating Restore Points from Primary to Physical Standby

The naming convention for a replicated restore point uses the name of the restore point on the physical standby
database suffixed with _PRIMARY

The MRP manages the creation and maintenance of replicated restore points.

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Oracle 19c – Export and Import Broker Configuration

Export and Import

the Broker
Metadata File
without any issues

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Oracle 19c – Starting Observers as Background Processes
❖ To run an observer as a background process, use the DGMGRL command START OBSERVER IN BACKGROUND.

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Oracle 19c – Starting Observers as Background Processes
❖ To run an observer as a background process, use the DGMGRL command START OBSERVER IN BACKGROUND.

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Oracle 19c – Configuring Fast-Start Failover in Observe-only Mode

The observe-only mode for fast-start failover enables you to test how fast-start failover will work in your
environment.
• Observe-only mode has no impact on your current configuration or on applications.
• In this mode, no actual changes are made to you broker configuration.

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Oracle 19c – Data Guard Broker – New Commands

New commands are available to set, modify, and display the value of initialization parameters.

o EDIT DATABASE PARAMETER

o EDIT DATABASE RESET PARAMETER
o EDIT FAR_SYNC REST PARAMETER
o EDIT RECOVERY_APPLIANCE PARAMETER
o EDIT RECOVERY_APPLIANCE RESET PARAMETER
o SET TRACE_LEVEL

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Data Guard Database Nologging Improvements

Standby Nologging for Load Performance

o Ensures that standbys will receive the nonlogged data changes with minimum impact to the
speed of loading at the primary.
o The standby can transiently have nonlogged blocks.
o These nonlogged blocks will be automatically resolved by managed standby recovery.

Standby Nologging for Data availability

o Ensures that all standbys have the data when the primary load commits, but at the cost of
throttling the speed of loading data at the primary.
o The standbys will never have any nonlogged blocks.

Note: You Cannot use Multi-Instance Redo Apply (MIRA) when Standby Nologging for Data availability (OR)
Standby Nologging for Load Performance are enabled on the primary.

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Data Guard Database Nologging Improvements

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Automatic Flashback of a Standby After a Primary RESETLOGS

A physical standby database that is in a mounted state can automatically follow the primary database after a
RESETLOGS operation on the primary database.

When flashback or point-in-time recovery is performed either on a primary database or a PDB in the primary
database.
• The primary database or PDB is moved to previous point in time.
• The primary database is then opened with the RESETLOGS option.
• A new incarnation of the primary database or the PDB in the primary is created.
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For the physical standby database to automatically follow the primary, the MRP:
• Detects the new incarnation.
• Flashes back the standby or the PDB on the standby to the same point in time as that of the primary or the
PDB on the primary.
• Restarts the standby recovery and moves the standby to the new branch of redo.

Note: Oracle 19c (19.10) and later

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Performance Issues when using PDBs with Oracle RAC 19c

Oracle RAC sizes its internal data structures to accommodate hundreds of PDBs in the same Container
Database (CDB) instance.

Container Database running smaller number of PDBs need to consider the following best practices in
order to ensure good performance and availability.
Versions
18.1 to
Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) CDBs where the number of actual PDB’s is lower than the
19.7
TARGET_PDBS parameter setting can inadvertently be subject to a negative performance.

Set the parameter TARGET_PDBS to the number of PDBs that are planned to be running in the CDB. Please
do not add seed and root in this count.

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Hint Usage Reporting - Oracle 19c

Hint Usage Report is a new feature from 19c which helps to determine from the execution plan output which
are all the hints are used by the Optimizer and not used by the Optimizer.

In releases before Oracle Database 19c, it could be difficult to determine why the optimizer did not use hints.

The hint usage report solves this problem. Oracle Database includes a hint usage reporting mechanism from 19c
that reports whether hints are used during plan generation or not.

In some cases, the report explains why a hint was not used or ignored, for example, a syntax error or conflict
between hints.

You can generate hint usage reports with the standard DBMS_XPLAN display functions.

This is also useful in diagnosing plan reproducibility issues with SPM baselines or SQL profiles to identify
which hint(s) are not getting used.

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Hint Usage Reporting - Oracle 19c

https://github.com/oracle-samples/db-sample-schemas/releases/tag/v19.2

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Hint Usage Reporting - Oracle 19c

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Hint Usage Reporting - Oracle 19c

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Hint Usage Reporting - Oracle 19c

In the above hint report,

1. Optimizer considers PARALLEL(2),
OPT_PARAM('_simple_view_merging','fals
e') & FULL(@sel$2 l) hints only.

2. The hint PUSH_PRED(dept) is unresolved

there is no any view with name "dept".

3.
The hint INDEX(e emp_idx) is unused
Hint Usage Reporting - 19c New Feature (Doc IDbecause the specified index does not
2735444.1)
exist.

4. There is a syntax error with FUL hint and

so not considered.

5. The hint FULL(l) is unused because similar

hint is given in the parent query block and
so the query in the subquery block is
overridden.

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Creating database clone from RMAN full backup and upgrade to 19c

Steps to clone an 11g database to 19c:

1. Execute Preupgrade script

(preupgrd.sql on 12c,
preupgrade.jar on 19c) at 11g
database. Such script will validate
11g database for upgrade and
provide recommendations.

2. This script is available under

'$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin'
directory.

3. Take the RMAN full backup

4. Do the gDBClone “clone for

upgrade”

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Creating database clone from RMAN full backup and upgrade to 19c
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:58: Please check the logfile '/opt/gDBClone/out/log/gDBClone_30868.log' for more details
MacroStep1 - Getting information and validating setup...
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:59: Validating environment
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:59: Checking superuser usage
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:59: Checking if target database name 'PRODUPG' is a valid name
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:59: Checking if target database home 'OraDb19700_home1' exists
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:59: Checking if Oracle Restart
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:59: Checking source backup location /u01/BACKUP/PROD/...
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:59: Getting ORACLE_BASE path from orabase
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:59: Checking if target database 'PRODUPG' exists
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:59: Checking 'PRODUPG' snapshot existence on '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/datastore'
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:24:59: Checking registered instance 'PRODUPG'
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:30: Checking listener on 'rcvm-scan:1521'
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:30: Checking ACFS command options
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:30: Checking if '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/datastore' is an ACFS file system
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:30: Checking if '/u03/app/oracle' is an ACFS file system
SUCCESS: 2020-07-18 14:25:39: Environment validation complete
MacroStep2 - Setting up clone environment...
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:39: Creating local pfile
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:39: Creating local password file
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:39: Creating local Audit folder
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:39: Checking local auxiliary listener
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:39: Creating local auxiliary listener
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:39: Starting auxiliary listener
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:25:39: Sleeping 60 secs, please wait
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:26:39: Setting up ACFS storage
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:26:39: Creating dynamic scripts
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:26:42: Cloning to target ACFS from backup location '/u01/BACKUP/PROD/'
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:26:42: Creating RMAN script for spfile target to ACFS
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:26:42: Instantiating clone database
SUCCESS: 2020-07-18 14:26:42: Environment setup complete
MacroStep3 - Cloning database 'PROD'...
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:26:42: Database clone from backup in progress, please wait
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:26:42: (this can take a while depending on database size and/or network speed)
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:29:24: Cloned database restore until SCN:2618982 done successfully
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:29:24: Moving spfile
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:29:52: Register 'PRODUPG' database as cluster resource
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:29:55: Updating spfile
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:30:00: Updating local pfile
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:30:00: Performing required actions for upgrade
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:30:00: ...Starting database 'PRODUPG' for upgrade
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:30:15: ...Opening database 'PRODUPG' for upgrade
INFO: 2020-07-18 14:30:31: ...Performing catalog upgrade, this can take a while, see '/opt/gDBClone/out/log'
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:06:51: ...Starting database 'PRODUPG'
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:07:10: ...Performing post upgrade scripts, this can take a while, see '/opt/gDBClone/out/log’
-----------------------------------------------------------------

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Creating database clone from RMAN full backup and upgrade to 19c
CATALOG Oracle Database Catalog Views 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
CATPROC Oracle Database Packages and Types 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
JAVAVM JServer JAVA Virtual Machine 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
XML Oracle XDK 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
CATJAVA Oracle Database Java Packages 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
APS OLAP Analytic Workspace 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
RAC Oracle Real Application Clusters 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
OWM Oracle Workspace Manager 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
CONTEXT Oracle Text 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
XDB Oracle XML Database 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
ORDIM Oracle Multimedia 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
SDO Spatial 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
XOQ Oracle OLAP API 19.0.0.0.0 UPGRADED
AMD OLAP Catalog 11.2.0.4.0 OPTION OFF
APEX Oracle Application Express 3.2.1.00.1 VALID
------------------------------------------------------------------
SUCCESS: 2020-07-18 15:07:42: Clone database upgraded successfully
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:07:42: Checking database name
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:07:42: Modifying DB instance
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:07:44: Setup ACFS dependency

gDBClone Powerful Database Clone/Snapshot Management Tool (Doc ID 2099214.1)

SUCCESS: 2020-07-18 15:07:50: Clone database 'PRODUPG' created successfully
MacroStep4 - Converting clone database 'PRODUPG' to cluster mode...
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:07:55: Checking 'Real Application Clusters' option
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:08:03: Getting DG or mount point dependency
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:08:05: Database conversion started...
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:08:06: Making required redolog thread
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:08:08: The number of the nodes is less or equal the thread#, no more redolog thread are required
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:08:08: Making required undo tablespaces
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:08:16: Making required cluster database spfile changes
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:08:47: Making required instances spfile changes
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:09:54: Register 'PRODUPG' database as RAC database
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:09:56: Registering additional instance
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:09:57: Copying password file to the cluster nodes...
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:09:57: ...copying '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.7.0.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwPRODUPG1' to 'rcvm'
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:09:58: Copying pfile to the cluster nodes...
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:09:58: ...copying '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.7.0.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initPRODUPG1.ora' to 'rcvm'
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:09:58: Setup ACFS dependency back...
SUCCESS: 2020-07-18 15:10:01: Database 'PRODUPG' converted to RAC successfully
INFO: 2020-07-18 15:10:01: Starting database 'PRODUPG'
SUCCESS: 2020-07-18 15:10:21: Successfully created clone database 'PRODUPG'

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ASM Filter Driver (ASMFD) for Device Management

OS Kernel Driver
o Reject non-Oracle I/O
o Stops OS utilities from overwriting ASM disks
o Protects database files
o Configure during installation
o Reduce OS resource usage
o Fewer open file descriptors
o Faster node recovery

Replacement for ASMLib

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Oracle ACFS and AFD | Certification Matrix

Oracle ACFS and AFD 19c supported platforms.

Always check ACFS Support On OS Platforms (Certification Matrix). (Doc ID 1369107.1)

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Oracle Golden Gate HUB MAA Configuration - ACFS

Oracle ACFS, as part of Oracle Grid Infrastructure, is integrated with Oracle ASM, Oracle ADVM and Oracle
Clusterware.

Oracle Golden Gate deployments stored on ACFS with continuous snapshot replication.

Starting with Oracle ACFS 12c R1, ACFS can be used to store Oracle Database files
Oracle ACFS offers support for multiple Operating Systems such as Oracle Linux, Redhat, Novell SLES,
Solaris and IBM AIX.
Acfsutil repl commands can be run as non-root user (19c)

The combination of RAC, Data Guard and ACFS Replication provides comprehensive site and Disaster Recovery
policies for all files inside and outside of the database.

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Oracle 19c GI with ASMFD, Kernel 4.1.12 & Oracle Linux 7.8

▪ Oracle 19c GI (19.9) with ASMFD

▪ Oracle Linux 7.8
▪ Kernel 4.1.12

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Oracle 19c GI with ASMFD, Kernel 5.4.17 & Oracle Linux 8.2

▪ Oracle 19c GI (19.9) with ASMFD Driver

▪ Oracle Linux 8.2
▪ Kernel 5.4.17

https://yvrk1973.blogspot.com/2020/12/oracle-19c-199-with-asmfd-kernel-5417.html

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ACFS Replication between Primary HUB and Standby HUB

Primary RAC: Oracle 19c (19.8) Physical Standby RAC: Oracle 19c (19.8)

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UEK6 SUPPORT FOR ACFS/AFD (System Patch) in 19.10 onwards

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Mounting ACFS File Systems RAC Secondary

[root@rac-s1 ~]# /sbin/acfsutil repl init standby -u oracle /acfs_vol

acfsutil repl init: ACFS-05054: standby replication file system is mounted on more than one cluster node
▪ Mounting ACFS Standby [root@rac-s1 ~]# srvctl config filesystem -d /dev/asm/acfs_vol-269
Filesystems ACFS standby Volume device: /dev/asm/acfs_vol-269
Diskgroup name: acfs
filesystems may be mounted Volume name: acfs_vol
on only one node at a time. Canonical volume device: /dev/asm/acfs_vol-269
Accelerator volume devices:
As such, ensure that it is not Mountpoint path: /acfs_vol
Mount point owner:
mounted on the second node Mount users:
of the cluster; otherwise, you Type: ACFS
Mount options:
will receive the following Description:
error when attempting to ACFS file system is enabled
ACFS file system is individually enabled on nodes:
initialize the filesystem for ACFS file system is individually disabled on nodes:
[root@rac-s1 ~]#
replication.
[root@rac-s1 ~]# srvctl stop filesystem -d /dev/asm/acfs_vol-269 -n rac-s2

[root@rac-s1 ~]# srvctl status filesystem -d /dev/asm/acfs_vol-269

ACFS file system /acfs_vol is mounted on nodes rac-s1

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Restarting RAC Secondary – ACFS Filesystems

Secondary RAC:
▪ When you restart secondary
[oracle@rac-s1 ~]$ df -h | grep acfs
RAC, ACFS Secondary /dev/asm/acfs_vol-269 19G 267M 19G 2% /acfs_vol
Filesystems will be mounted
[oracle@rac-s2 ~]$ df -h | grep acfs
on both the nodes /dev/asm/acfs_vol-269 19G 267M 19G 2% /acfs_vol
automatically. [root@rac-s2 ~]# srvctl stop filesystem -d /dev/asm/acfs_vol-269 -n rac-s2

[root@rac-s2 ~]# df -h
▪ Ensure it will be mounted on Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
only one node. /dev/mapper/vg_racs2-lv_root 77G 44G 30G 61% /
tmpfs 4.9G 1.3G 3.7G 26% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 56M 396M 13% /boot
▪ We have started replication /dev/mapper/vg_racs2-lv_home 27G 2.2G 23G 9% /home
[root@rac-s2 ~]#
from Primary ACFS
Primary RAC:
Filesystems using one of the
cluster node. [root@rac-p1 ~]# /sbin/acfsutil repl init primary -C -s oracle@rac-s1 -m /acfs_vol/ /acfs_vol/
[root@rac-p1 ~]#

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Oracle ASMLib Software Update and Support Policy

• ASMLib is free, optional software for the Automatic Storage Management (ASM) feature of Oracle
Database that simplifies the management and discovery of ASM disks and makes I/O processing and
kernel resource usage with ASM storage more efficient.

• It eliminates the need for the DBA to directly manage potentially thousands of Oracle database files,
requiring only the management of groups of disks allocated to the Oracle Database.

• ASMLib is not mandatory for the Automatic Storage Management (ASM) feature of Oracle Database on
Linux and all features and functionality of ASM will work without ASMLib.

• Oracle ASMLib Software Update and Support Policy (Doc ID 1089399.1)

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Oracle 19c – Hybrid Partitioned Tables

CREATE TABLE orders

Single table contains both internal (RDBMS) and external partitions (
order_id number,
order_date DATE
Full functional support, such as partial indexing, partial read only, constraints, )
EXTERNAL PARTITION ATTRIBUTES
materialized views, etc. (
TYPE oracle_loader
DEFAULT DIRECTORY data_directory
DBAs can now select which partitions should be held in the database for fast ACCESS PARAMETERS (FIELDS
querying and updating, and which partitions can be made read only and stored in TERMINATED BY ',')
REJECT LIMIT unlimited
external partitions. )
PARTITION BY RANGE(order_date)
These external partitions can be held on on-premises in standard files systems or (
HDFS. partition q1_2020 values less than (‘2019-
10-01’)
EXTERNAL LOCATION
(‘order_q1_2020.txt’),
DBAs can also choose to place the data in cloud-based object stores, thereby partition q2_2020 values less than (‘2020-
'stretching' tables to the cloud. 01-01’),
partition q3_2020 values less than (‘2020-
04-01’),
partition q4_2020 values less than (‘2020-
07-01’)
);

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Important Notes from My Oracle Support (MOS)

❖ Always check My Oracle Support (MOS) Note 742060.1 for the latest schedule

❖ Oracle Database 11.2 Market Driven Support (MDS) Note 2728619.1

❖ Always use the latest version of Autoupgrade Download Note 2485457.1

❖ 19c Database Self-Guided Upgrade with Best Practices Note 1919.2

❖ Oracle Database 19c Important Recommended One-off Patches Note 555.1

❖ Data Pump Recommended Proactive Patches For 19.10 and Above Note 2819284.1

❖ Introducing Monthly Recommended Patches (MRPs) and FAQ Note 2898740.1

❖ Always check ACFS Support On OS Platforms (Certification Matrix) Note 1369107.1

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Oracle 19c - DBUA in Silent Mode

DBUA performs major release upgrade of oracle database that are supported for direct upgrade.

It performs all the upgrade tasks automatically.

DBUA performs preupgrade check and lists the unsatisfied prerequisites.

Please refer more details: Oracle 19c - DBUA In Silent Mode (Doc ID 2548985.1)
DBUA has option to upgrade timezone information, make user tablespaces to read only, take RMAN backup
before upgrade starts.

DBUA also provides opportunity to restore database backup to rollback DB upgrade.

It can upgrade existing Listener to 19c.

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Oracle 19c - Silent Modes

Ability to Create a Duplicate of an Oracle Database Using DBCA in Silent Mode

You can now create a duplicate of an Oracle Database by using the createDuplicateDB command of Database
Configuration Assistant (DBCA) in silent mode.

Ability to Create a PDB by Cloning a Remote PDB Using DBCA in Silent Mode

You can now create a pluggable database (PDB) by cloning a remote PDB using the createFromRemotePDB
parameter of the createPluggableDatabase command of Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) in silent
mode.

Ability to Relocate a PDB to Another CDB Using DBCA in Silent Mode

You can now relocate a pluggable database (PDB) to another multitenant container database (CDB) by using
the relocatePDB command of Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) in silent mode.

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Oracle 19c - Silent Modes

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Oracle 19c - Silent Modes

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Oracle 19c - Silent Modes

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Oracle 19c - Silent Modes

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Deprecated Leaf Nodes in Oracle 19c GI

Leaf nodes are no longer supported in the Flex Cluster Architecture in Oracle Grid Infrastructure.

• In Oracle Grid Infrastructure 19c and later releases, all nodes in a Flex Cluster function as hub nodes.
• The capabilities offered by Leaf nodes in the original implementation of the Flex Cluster architecture can as easily
served by hub nodes.

In Oracle GI 12.2, Oracle announced that it would no longer support the placement of the OCR and voting files directly
on a shared file system.

• Starting with Oracle GI 19c, the desupport for direct OCR and voting disk file placement pm shared file systems is
rescinded for Oracle Standalone Clusters.

Secure Cluster Communication in RAC

• Secure Cluster Communication protects the cluster interconnect from common security threats when used
together with Single Network Support.
• The increased security for the cluster interconnect is invoked automatically as part of a new Oracle GI 19c
deployment or an upgrade to Oracle GI 19c.
• Database administrators or cluster administrators do not need to make any configuration changes for this
feature.
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Oracle 19c – RAT and SQL Quarantine

Workload Capture and Replay in a PDB

• Oracle Real Application Testing was designed to capture and replay multitenant databases at the root
multitenant container database (CDB) level.
• Starting with Oracle Database Release 19c you can capture and replay the workload from within an
individual pluggable database (PDB).
• Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM) Support for Pluggable Databases (PDBs).
SQL Quarantine
• SQL statements that are terminated by Oracle Database Resource Manager due to their excessive
consumption DBMS_SQLQ
of CPU and I/Opackage is used
resources to manage quarantined
are automatically plans for SQLs
quarantined.
• The execution plans associated with the terminated SQL statements are quarantined to prevent them
from being executed again.
• This feature protects an Oracle Database from performance degradation by preventing execution of SQL
statements that excessively consume CPU and I/O resources.
• Restriction: SQL Quarantine feature in 19c works only in on-premise Oracle Engineered Systems and
Exadata Cloud Services (ExaCS) at this time
• There is an undocumented way to test the feature in Oracle 19c EE version.
• Set "_exadata_feature_on"= TRUE and restart the database (Don’t check in lower/prod environments)
• This feature is similar to how a SQL_ID and its plan can be quarantined in Exadata Cell Servers.
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73
19c New Feature SQL Quarantine - How To Stop Automatic SQL Quarantine
• In some cases, applications require more control over SQL performance management and may choose to turn off the automatic SQL
quarantine mechanism, which automatically isolates high-resource or problematic queries.

• However, they may still want to retain the ability to manually quarantine specific SQL statements when needed.

• Therefore, a solution is needed that disables only the automatic creation of SQL quarantine entries, while keeping the overall quarantine
functionality enabled for manual use.

• The fix of Unpublished Bug 30104721 (which is included in 19.27DBRU) introduces 2 parameters
• - optimizer_capture_sql_quarantine: if set to false would disable the automatic creation of SQL Quarantine configurations after
resource manager termination of a SQL query execution. This would be FALSE by default.
• - optimizer_use_sql_quarantine: if set to FALSE would disable the use of existing SQL Quarantine configurations in a database. This
would be TRUE by default, there by allowing user to manually create and use SQL Quarantine configurations.
• So we can install patch 30104721 or apply 19.27DBRU or higher to keep the SQL quarantine functionality but disable the auto-creation
of quarantine configuration.

Included the
parameters
in 23ai

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Quick links

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75
 Thanks for your TIME

[email protected]

@yvrk1973

https://yvrk1973.blogspot.com

https://www.linkedin.com/in/yv-ravikumar

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