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Chem Stage 7 MS

The document is a mark scheme for the Cambridge Lower Secondary Progression Test in Science for Stage 7, prepared by Dr. Raghda Amin. It includes general guidelines for marking, specific answers for various questions, and criteria for awarding marks based on student responses. The document emphasizes the importance of scientific accuracy over grammatical correctness and provides detailed annotations for marking answers.

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mahaalhadad88

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

28 views138 pages

Chem Stage 7 MS

Uploaded by

mahaalhadad88

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 138

Al Alson International

school

Science Department

Student name: ——————————————

Class: ——————————————————

Mark scheme
Science Progression
Tests Lower Secondary
Stage 7&8
Paper 1 & 2

Prepared by Dr. Raghda Amin

IG Science Department Coordinator
Science
Stage 7

Paper 1 2022
Cambridge Lower Secondary Progression Test
Mark Scheme

3144_01_MS_10RP
© UCLES 2022
S7/01 Science Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

General guidelines on marking

Many descriptive answers can be expressed in a variety of ways. Professional judgement can be
used in these cases, providing it matches the marking points and further information in the mark
scheme.

Answers may have words spelt incorrectly. Credit is normally given for phonetically correct answers,
unless the word has a scientifically different meaning. For example, where the answer should be
antennae, credit will be given for antena but not for anthen (too close to anther).

Only the science is being assessed, so answers do not need to be grammatically correct.

Significant figures will be indicated in the question or in the mark scheme.

Unless specified all marking points are independent.

Annotations and abbreviations

/ or alternate responses for the same marking point

( ) brackets the words or units in brackets do not need to be stated, for example, (recycles or
releases or provides) minerals = minerals scores the mark

underline exact word is required

Accept an acceptable response

Do not accept indicates an incorrect response that would contradict another otherwise correct
alternative

Ignore indicates an irrelevant answer that is not creditworthy. Full marks can still be
achieved even with answers that are ignored.

Note provides extra information when necessary

ecf error carried forward; marks are awarded if an incorrect response has been carried
forward from earlier working provided the subsequent working is correct

ora or reverse argument; for example, as mass increases, volume increases could be
written as mass decreases, volume decreases

© UCLES 2022 Page 2 of 10

S7/01 Science Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

1(a) (cell) membrane 1

1(b) (idea that) it controls what moves in and out of the cell 1 Ignore maintains the shape of the cell

1(c) mitochondrion 1 Accept mitochondria

1(d) (where aerobic) respiration (takes place) / the release of 1 Accept where ATP is produced
energy

Question Answer Marks Further Information

2(a) a substance which is only made up of one type of atom 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

which cannot be broken down into anything simpler

2(b) compound (no mark) 2

contains two elements / contains two types of atom each correct answer = 1 mark

Note if mixture given only the first marking point

can be awarded

Accept contains elements/element X and

element Z for first marking point
that are chemically combined / that are bonded together

2(c) 1 Note there must be at least one molecule of X

and one atom of Y

Do not accept a model with a molecule of X

touching an atom of Y

© UCLES 2022 Page 3 of 10

S7/01 Science Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

3(a) switch 1

3(b) 1

3(c) break in the circuit / flow of electron(s) has been stopped 1 Accept the current cannot flow

Question Answer Marks Further Information

4(a) gravity 1 Accept gravitational (force)

4(b) the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

light from the Sun is blocked/stopped from reaching the Accept marking points shown on diagram
Earth

© UCLES 2022 Page 4 of 10

S7/01 Science Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

5(a) temperature 1 Ignore heat

5(b) any three from 3 each correct answer = 1 mark

number of apple slices / same size slice of apple / same

mass of apple

slices from the same apple / same species of apple

time of day the mass is measured

amount of light

amount of humidity/water vapour

amount of oxygen/air / keep the lids on all the dishes / keep

the lids off all the dishes
Ignore same equipment used to measure the
mass

5(c)(i) 1 both answers correct for the mark

(electronic / lever arm / top pan) balance Accept scale(s)

and Ignore weighing

clock with a second hand / stopwatch / timer / chronometer Accept alarm/timer on a digital device

5(c)(ii) mass lost 1 Accept appropriate examples, e.g. change in

time taken mass over time / change in mass in a day

© UCLES 2022 Page 5 of 10

S7/01 Science Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

6(a) (reactant) copper carbonate 1 reactant and both products in either order =
1 mark
(products) copper oxide and carbon dioxide

6(b) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

colour change Accept changes from green to black

(large) heat or energy change Accept needs heat to take place

gas made Accept carbon dioxide is made / new substances

made / copper oxide is made

Accept there is a change in mass / mass is lost

(as a gas)

6(c) limewater 1 Accept calcium hydroxide solution

Accept hydrogencarbonate indicator

© UCLES 2022 Page 6 of 10

S7/01 Science Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

7(a) thermal / heat 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

sound
Accept kinetic / movement

Ignore potential

7(b) (metre) rule(r) / measuring tape 1 Do not accept trundle wheel

7(c)(i) 46 1 more than one answer circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

7(c)(ii) 79 1 Accept correct answer in the space for working

out, but answer in the table takes precedence

Accept 68 if anomalous result circled is not from

10 cm row

Accept ecf if 78 or 80 circled

7(c)(iii) the test is not fair 1 Accept any correct answer in terms of energy or
gravity

Accept higher level answers, e.g. more energy is

transferred to GPE than kinetic energy

© UCLES 2022 Page 7 of 10

S7/01 Science Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

8 evaporate 4 each correct answer = 1 mark

condenses / cools down Accept becomes a liquid

precipitation

ground water Do not accept run-off / open water

Question Answer Marks Further Information

9 (Orconectes punctimanus) B 2 all four organisms correct = 2 marks

(Cancer pagurus) D two or three organisms correct = 1 mark

(Schistocerca gregaria) C one organism correct = 0 marks

(Enantiulus armatus) A

© UCLES 2022 Page 8 of 10

S7/01 Science Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

10(a) 3 all four correct = 3 marks

sodium
W hydroxide two or three correct = 2 marks

one correct = 1 mark

distilled
X
water
if two lines from a solution and one is incorrect =
0 marks for that solution

Y citric acid

hydrochloric
Z
acid

10(b) 1 more than one box ticked = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

circling or underlining, but ticking takes
precedence

© UCLES 2022 Page 9 of 10

S7/01 Science Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

11(a) 2 all five correct = 2 marks

metal non-metal

(E) B three or four correct = 1 mark

A C one or two correct = 0 marks

D
F

11(b) (improvement) use an ammeter / measure the current 2 each correct answer = 1 mark
(explanation idea that) the higher the current the better the Accept ora
electrical conductor / if the current is the same the metals
have the same electrical conductivity

Question Answer Marks Further Information

12(a) the particles vibrate (in the same direction as the direction 1
of travel)

12(b)(i) the particles are closer together (in glass) 1 Accept glass is more dense than air

Note assume the answer refers to glass unless

otherwise specified

Accept ora if air specified

12(b)(ii) any value greater than 300 and less than 2000 (m/s) 2 each correct answer = 1 mark
(idea that) water is a liquid and so will have a speed in Accept correct answer in terms of
between the solid and the gas particles/density

12(b)(iii) (idea that) there are no particles (to vibrate in a vacuum) 1

© UCLES 2022 Page 10 of 10

Science
Stage 7

Paper 2 2022
Cambridge Lower Secondary Progression Test
Mark Scheme

3144_02_MS_10RP
© UCLES 2022
S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

General guidelines on marking

Many descriptive answers can be expressed in a variety of ways. Professional judgement can be
used in these cases, providing it matches the marking points and further information in the mark
scheme.

Only the science is being assessed, so answers do not need to be grammatically correct.

Significant figures will be indicated in the question or in the mark scheme.

Unless specified all marking points are independent.

Annotations and abbreviations

/ or alternate responses for the same marking point

( ) brackets the words or units in brackets do not need to be stated, for example, (recycles or
releases or provides) minerals = minerals scores the mark

underline exact word is required

Accept an acceptable response

Do not accept indicates an incorrect response that would contradict another otherwise correct
alternative

Ignore indicates an irrelevant answer that is not creditworthy. Full marks can still be
achieved even with answers that are ignored.

Note provides extra information when necessary

ecf error carried forward; marks are awarded if an incorrect response has been carried
forward from earlier working provided the subsequent working is correct

ora or reverse argument; for example, as mass increases, volume increases could be
written as mass decreases, volume decreases

© UCLES 2022 Page 2 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

1(a) B, D, E, F 1 all four correct any order = 1 mark

1(b) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

they only have a cell membrane / they do not have a cell

wall

they do not have a (large sap) vacuole

they do not have chloroplasts

1(c) one (cell) 1 Accept a single cell

© UCLES 2022 Page 3 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

2(a) a mixture 1 more than one box ticked = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

circling or completing the sentence, but ticking
takes precedence

2(b) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

the atoms are different sizes Accept carbon atoms are smaller / iron atoms are
bigger
the layers or pattern of atoms are distorted

more difficult for atoms to move / more difficult for atoms to

slide
Note assume answer refers to steel unless iron is
specified

Accept ora if iron specified

Accept reference to particles or ions instead of

atoms

© UCLES 2022 Page 4 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

3(a) 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

it takes longer for the feather to reach the ground / the Accept ora for the ball
feather travels slower

(because there is) more air resistance with the feather Accept ora for the ball

3(b) 1 answer no = 0 marks

yes Note answer must have yes and an explanation

for the mark
and

there is no air resistance (in a vacuum)

Question Answer Marks Further Information

4(a) 1 Accept the Moon shown in either position

Moon

high tide

orbit of the
low tide Moon
low tide Earth

high tide

Moon

© UCLES 2022 Page 5 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

4(b) 2 Accept the Sun in either position and Moon in

either position = 1 mark

Sun Note the Sun and Moon must both be on the

same side of the Earth for this mark
orbit of the Moon

Moon

extremely high tide

low tide Earth low tide

extremely high tide

Moon

Sun

(idea that) there is a combined gravitational pull of the Sun correct explanation = 1 mark
and the Moon

© UCLES 2022 Page 6 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

5(a) train wire 1 all three lines correct = 1 mark

track battery

Chen electrons

5(b)(i) any one from 1

(idea that) it helps to show the electrons which cannot be Accept it helps to show the flow of current which
seen cannot be seen

(idea that) the circuit must be complete

(idea that) Chen provides the energy to move the train (like
a cell)
(idea that) Chen will get tired and slow down which Accept higher level answers, e.g. (idea that) the
represents a battery running down friction between the track and the wheels models
resistance

5(b)(ii) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

Chen may not always push with the same amount of
strength
Chen might not always push at the same speed
(idea that) limited number of components Accept named examples of components, e.g.
there is no model for ammeter to measure current
(idea that) electrons would be throughout the wire but the
train is only in one place

© UCLES 2022 Page 7 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

6(a) 4 (amps) 1

6(b) 1 increases = 0 marks for the question

decreases Accept numbers less than 4 (amps)

and Note answer must have both decreases and an

explanation for the mark
there is more resistance

© UCLES 2022 Page 8 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

7(a) microorganisms 3 all three food chains correctly drawn with nine
correct arrows = 3 marks
snake hawk
two food chains correctly drawn in a web =
2 marks
tarantula lizard
incorrect food web that starts with cactus and
rat grasshopper ends with microorganisms = 1 mark

Ignore arrow from microorganisms to cactus

cactus

7(b) 1 increase = 0 marks for the question

decrease

and

they will not have any food to eat / they will migrate to other Accept they all die / more die
areas to find food
Note answer must have both decrease and an
explanation for the mark

7(c)(i) to decompose (dead material) 1 Accept to break down / decay (dead material)

7(c)(ii) to release nutrients (back into the ground) 1 Accept to recycle nutrients

Accept minerals for nutrients

Ignore to stop dead bodies building up

© UCLES 2022 Page 9 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

8(a)(i) insoluble 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

precipitate

8(a)(ii) formation of a precipitate / colour change 1 Accept formation of a solid

Ignore a gas is made

8(b) precipitation 1

Question Answer Marks Further Information

9(a) neutralisation 1

9(b) solution is changing from an acid to an alkali / solution is 1

being neutralised

9(c) 25 (cm3) 1

9(d) (description) repeats the experiment 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

(explanation) see if the results are the same/similar

© UCLES 2022 Page 10 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

10(a) (group of organisms) that can reproduce 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

to make fertile offspring

10(b) any three from 2 all three correct = 2 marks

nutrition / feeding one or two correct = 1 mark

movement

reproduction

Accept respire / respiration as extra marking point

Accept sensitivity as extra marking point

Accept excretion as extra marking point

10(c) no (because) viruses are not made out of cells / do not grow 1 Accept other correct ideas
/ they do not show all seven characteristics

yes (because) they can reproduce Accept other correct ideas

© UCLES 2022 Page 11 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

11 2 correct answer only = 2 marks

9 (g) (harmful gases) released with a two-way catalytic sight of 9 (g) and 3 (g) = 1 mark
converter
Accept ecf using incorrect reading from bar chart
and
3 (g) (harmful gases) released with a three-way catalytic Accept the three-way catalytic converter is three
converter times more effective for 2 marks
9 ÷ 3 = 3 (times)

Question Answer Marks Further Information

12 any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

sound wave
is reflected Ignore bounce
this is an echo

Question Answer Marks Further Information

13(a) (idea that) the pieces of cloth will fold upwards 1

13(b)(i) tectonic plates / continental plates 1

13(b)(ii) layers of rock 1 Accept Earth’s crust

13(c) any one from 1 Accept other suitable suggestions, e.g. the table
top as the Earth’s crust should also move
add more layers of cloth
reduce the height of the boxes

© UCLES 2022 Page 12 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

14(a) any one from 1

(idea that) it happened a long time ago

(idea that) there is no evidence / no proof

(idea that) humans have not observed new planets forming

in our Solar System

14(b) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

(idea that) there are new planets being formed around other
stars

more advanced telescopes (to use for observation)

use of computer modelling (to test their hypothesis)

satellites can observe planets and asteroids

(idea that) asteroids can be sampled

© UCLES 2022 Page 13 of 14

S7/02 Science Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 Page 14 of 14

Cambridge Lower Secondary Progression Test
Science mark scheme
Stage 7

SCIENCE_S7_01_8RP
© UCLES 2018
2

General guidelines on marking

Many descriptive answers can be expressed in a variety of ways. Professional judgement can be
used in these cases, providing it matches the marking points and further information in the mark
scheme.

Only the science is being assessed so answers do not need to be grammatically correct.

Significant figures will be indicated in the question or in the mark scheme.

Unless specified all marking points are independent.

Annotations and abbreviations

/ OR alternate responses for the same marking point

( ) brackets the words or units in brackets do not need to be stated, for example, (recycles or
releases or provides) minerals = minerals scores the mark

Accept an acceptable response

Do not accept indicates an incorrect response that would contradict another otherwise correct
alternative

Ignore indicates an irrelevant answer that is not creditworthy. Full marks can still be
achieved even with answers that are ignored.

ecf error carried forward; marks are awarded if an incorrect response has been carried
forward from earlier working provided, the subsequent working is correct

ora or reverse argument; for example, as mass increases, volume increases could be
written as mass decreases, volume decreases

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS

Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark scheme

Question 1
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 leaf Accept any indication of answer
but circle takes precedence

support (leaves / flowers)

joins roots to leaves

act as a storage organ

transport of water if the idea of transport is not

qualified, award 1 mark for
transport of salts / minerals transport

transport of food / sugars

Total 5

Question 2
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 gold ammonite
(b) 1 belemnite
(c) 1 flat spiral (shell) Accept (shell) is not gold in colour

Accept fizzes with acid

Total 3

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Question 3
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 Famous space scientists include each correct sentence = 1 mark
Ptolemy, Copernicus and Galileo.

Copernicus thought that the Sun was

at the centre of the universe.

One of the most distant planets is

Uranus.
Total 3

Question 4
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 bone (cell) Accept other indication of correct
answer but answer line takes
precedence

result with acid

(litmus) turns red / pink
(pH / Universal Indicator) turns red /
orange / yellow indicator colour must match the
indicator used
result with alkali
(litmus) turns blue / purple
(pH / Universal Indicator) turns blue /
purple / violet
Total 5

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS

Question 6
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 electrical Accept any indication of answer
but circle takes precedence

two correct and one incorrect

= 1 mark

if two incorrect = 0 marks

Question 7
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 E
(b) 3 cell function each correct match = 1 mark

contract to cause more than one line from a

movement cell = 0 marks for that cell

fertilises an
egg cell

takes up water and

minerals from soil

transports oxygen
in blood

transports water and

minerals to leaves

Total 4

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Question 8
Part Mark Answer Further Information
5 See table below each correct cell = 1 mark
Total 5

distance between movement of forces between

state shape
particles particles particles
vibrates / (very) strong (fixed shape)
solid (close together) moves to and
fro / oscillates
(move slowly in all weak / not (shape of container)
directions)
strong /
stronger than
liquid (close together)
in a gas /
weaker than in
a solid
far apart / (move quickly in all (very weak) shape of
directions)
more than in a container / fills
gas
solid or liquid container / no
fixed shape

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS

Question 9
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 2.8 Accept 2.8 or test 3 area 50 cm2
next to question but answer in
table takes precedence

Accept correct mathematical

relationships = 2 marks

Accept correlation between area

and time = 1 mark

if only area linked to time

= 1 mark

Accept
air resistance increases with increasing ora
area = 1 mark
Total 5

Question 10
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 When the arm bends upwards, the each correct answer = 1 mark
biceps muscle contracts and the
triceps muscle relaxes.

The biceps and triceps

are antagonistic muscles.
Total 3

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Question 11
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 D Accept other indication of correct
answer but answer line takes
precedence

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS

Question 13
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 (a group of living things which) can Accept they successfully
breed together reproduce = 2 marks
and a group of animals with the same
genes = 2 marks
produce (fertile) offspring
(b) 1 idea of competition / compete for food / Accept that dogs….
compete for habitat / compete for attack / fight with them /
territory / compete for breeding sites introduced a disease / share the
same niche
Total 3

Question 14
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 spring balance Accept other indication of correct
answer but tick takes precedence

more than one box ticked =

0 marks
(b) 1 ruler Accept other indication of correct
answer but tick takes precedence

more than one box ticked =

0 marks
Total 2

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark scheme

Question 1
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 Any two from

forelimbs ‘webbed’ / turned into wings Accept has wings

smooth surface smooth / large wings = 2 marks

large surface area

(b) 1 large mouth / wide opening mouth Accept has pointed / sharp teeth /
many teeth

Accept has long / large tongue

Total 3

Question 2
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 part of scooter material each correct answer = 1 mark

clay

frame foam

tyre rubber

steel

(b) 2 Any two from

strong

lightweight / low density Ignore light in weight

shiny

malleable

rigid Accept not brittle

does not corrode Accept does not rust

Total 4

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS

Question 3
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 the Earth moves / the Earth is rotating / Do not accept Earth is orbiting
the Earth spins the Sun

(b) 1 the Earth has a tilted axis Accept other indication of

correct answer but circle takes
precedence

Ignore germs / bugs

(b) 1 the microorganisms / bacteria were Accept the microorganisms from
caught in the bend of the tube the air couldn’t get into the broth

Ignore all the microorganisms

have been killed
Total 2

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Question 5
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 thermometer
(b) (i) 1 (idea that) as time increases the
temperature gets higher
(ii) 1 50 (C) Ignore 0 (C)
(c) 2 In the first two minutes ice changes solid and liquid = 1 mark
state from a solid to a liquid.

In the next two minutes the particles energy and faster / apart
gain more energy and move = 1 mark
faster / apart.
Total 5

Question 6
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 The centre of the Earth is called the Accept inner / outer core
core.
(b) 1 The mantle contains some liquid rock.
This liquid rock is called magma.
(c) 1 Liquid rock that erupts from volcanoes
is called lava.
(d) 1 When the liquid rock cools it turns into a Accept basalt / granite / pumice
type of rock called igneous rock.
Total 4

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS

Question 7
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 speeds up Accept other indication of
correct answer but circle takes
precedence

(c) (i) 1 Accept any downward pointing

arrow anywhere on truck or next
to truck.

more than one arrow

= 0 marks

(ii) 1 moves it downwards Accept other indication of

correct answer but circle takes
precedence

check actual size of seeds on

question paper.
(b) 3 correct number of extra ticks ecf Accept ecf from (a) for the tick
18-19 2 ticks or 1 tick marks
20-21 1 tick 2 ticks
correct totals 16-17 with correct total = 1 mark
16-17 12 12
18-19 18 or 17 18-19 with correct total = 1 mark
20-21 9 or 10
20-21 with correct total = 1 mark
(c) 3 20
18
Accept ecf from (a) and (b)
16
14 correct y-axis = 1 mark
total number 12
of seeds of
each size
10
8
all bars correct = 2 marks
6
4 but one or two bars correct
2
0 = 1 mark
14 -15 16 -17 18 -19 20 -21 22 -23
length of seeds
in mm

Total 7
© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS [Turn over
14

Question 9
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 weakly acidic Accept other indication of correct
answer but tick takes precedence

more than 1 tick = 0 marks

(b) 1 (pH) 7
Total 2

Question 10
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 birds / aves
(b) 2 Any two from features need to be visible and
unique to this group
has feathers
this mark is dependent on a
has a beak / has a bill correct answer to (a)

has wings
Total 3

Question 11
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 type of energy description five correct = 3 marks
chemical energy it has because it is moving

three or four correct = 2 marks

elastic potential energy it has because of its position

one or two correct = 1 mark

gravitational
energy it has because it has changed shape
potential

heat (thermal) energy stored in food or fuel

energy that flows because of a

kinetic temperature difference

Total 3

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS

Question 12
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 4 Accept other indication of
correct answer but circle takes
precedence

crustacean followed by fish

followed by dolphin anywhere in
food chain = 1 mark

killer whale

dolphin

fish

crustacean

phytoplankton

sunlight

Total 2

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Question 14
Part Mark Answer Further Information
2 Any two from answers must refer to both
metals and non-metals
metals conduct heat, non-metals do not
Accept comparisons, e.g. metals
metals conduct electricity, non-metals do are better heat conductors than
not non-metals

metals are strong, non-metals are not

metals are hard, non-metals are not

metals are ductile, non-metals are not

metals have a high density, non-metals

do not

metals are malleable, non-metals are

not

metals are flexible, non-metals are not

metals are sonorous, non-metals are not

Total 2

Question 15
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 Saturn Accept other indication of
correct answer but circle takes
precedence

Copyright © UCLES, 2018

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group.
Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University
of Cambridge.
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

© UCLES 2018 S/S7/MS

Cambridge Secondary 1 Progression Test
Mark scheme

Science

Stage 7

DC (NH/SW) 85621/14RP
© UCLES 2014
2

This table gives general guidelines on marking answers involving units of length. For questions
involving other quantities, correct units are given in the answers. The table shows acceptable and
unacceptable versions of the answer 1.85 m.

Correct answer Also accept Do not accept

Units are not given 1.85 m Correct conversions 1.85
on answer line and provided the unit is
the question does not stated, e.g. 185 m
specify a unit 1 m 85 cm
185 cm
1850 mm
0.00185 km

If the unit is given on .......1.85.......m Correct conversions, .......185.......m

the answer line, e.g. provided the unit is .......1850.......m
............................m stated unambiguously, etc
e.g. .....185 cm ..... m
If the question states 1.85 m 1.85 185; 1850
the unit that the 1 m 85 cm
answer should be Any conversions to
given in. e.g. other units.
“Give your answer in
metres”

Stage 7 Paper 1 Mark Scheme

Question 1
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 nucleus Accept phonetic spelling
(b) 2 Any two from:

chloroplast Accept tonoplast

(large) vacuole
cell wall
starch grain(s)
(c) 1 very small / too small to see by eye Ignore small unqualified
Total 4

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS

Question 2
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 thermometer
(b) 3 B must be in correct order
D
C
(c) 1 (no lid / not sealed so liquid) will Accept (idea of) liquid could be
evaporate easily spilled
Total 5

Question 3
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 D
(b) 1 sperm (cell) / spermatozoon / Accept phonetic spellings
spermatozoa(n) Ignore male gamete
(c) 3 function letter Accept names of cells:
nerve cell / neurone
to carry signals around body A
root hair cell
to absorb water D red blood cell
to carry oxygen C

Total 5

Question 4
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 any value above 7 and up to 14 Allow decimal values in range
(b) 1 neutralisation Accept exothermic

(c) 1 universal indicator

(d) 1 stir / mix / swirl / shake

Total 4

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Question 5
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 A (and) C in either order
(b) 1 arrow drawn pointing down and to the Accept arrow drawn anywhere on
left diagram, or underneath question,
must be reasonably straight
(c)(i) 1 weight Accept gravity
(c)(ii) 1 arrow drawn straight upward Accept arrow drawn anywhere on
diagram, or underneath question,
must be reasonably straight
Total 4

Question 6
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 Any pair from: letters can be in either order but
must be paired correctly
A (and) D
B (and) C
(b) 1 B
(c) 1 A
Total 3

Question 7
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 (idea of) protection (from predators) / Accept paralysing another insect for
catching prey egg laying
(b) 1 (idea of) fooling predators that it is a Ignore looks like a wasp without
wasp / that it can sting qualification
(c) 1
herbivore
predator
prey
producer
Total 3

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS

Question 8
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 3 correct = 2 marks
fact observation
The Earth orbits the The Sun always 2 correct = 1 mark
Sun. It takes 365 days appears the same
for one orbit. size. 1 correct = 0 marks

The Earth stays about The seasons repeat

the same distance after one year.
from the Sun in its
orbit.

The Earth spins on its The Sun rises in the

axis. It takes 24 hours east.
to spin once.

The direction of the We have day and

Earth’s spin on its axis night.
is from west to east.

(b) 1 more than 1 tick = 0 marks

Jupiter
Mars
Saturn
Venus
Total 3

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Question 9
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 When a substance condenses, it
changes from a gas to a liquid.
(b) 1 at least six more circles drawn must be touching, not crossing
through each other, appear
reasonably random e.g.

(c) 3 nitrogen one mark each, must be in correct

iron order
nitrogen
Accept Fe for iron, N2 for nitrogen

Ignore N
Total 5

Question 10
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 fossil(s)
(b) 1 eight / four pairs of legs / two body parts
(c) 2 mammals did not live at the same one mark for each correct tick
time as spiders
more than two ticks = 0 marks
spiders existed before mammals

mammals could live in the same

place as spiders
mammals developed from spiders

the spiders were eaten by the

mammals
Total 4

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS

Question 11
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 (advantage): strong(est) / strength 400 Ignore reference to cost

(disadvantage): forms rust / iron oxide /

reacts with water
(b) 1 does not react with water / lightest /
least dense / mass of 2.7(g)
(c) 1 does not corrode / does not tarnish /
does not react with water/air
(d) 1 (idea of) lustrous / shiny / looks nice /
desirable / malleable / easily worked
into shape / valuable
Total 5

Question 12
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 moons were going round / orbiting must be clear moons are orbiting
Jupiter / the planet Jupiter
(b) 1 Any one from: Allow dates given as 13/1 or 1/13
Ignore any reference to year
(January) 13th
(January) 15th
(c) 1 (idea that) moon(s) could be (passing) Accept those not visible were
in front of or behind planet outside telescope’s field of view not
moons were not there
(d) 1 (idea that) too small / not bright enough Do not accept ideas that they were
or not there at that time
other telescopes were not high enough
quality / powerful enough
(e) 1 conflicted with religion / tradition / Accept he was not trusted as a
accepted views scientist
Total 5

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Stage 7 Paper 2 Mark Scheme

Question 1
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 A: leaf / leaves one mark for each correct answer

B: stem
(b) 1 take in water / minerals must have idea of taking up water or
minerals
support / anchorage

(c) 1 to attract insects

Total 4

Question 2
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 one mark for each correct line

liver label lines to end within the

perimeter line of each organ

Ignore arrow heads or dashed lines

(b) 1

small
intestine

Total 2

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS

Question 3
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 coal all 3 required for 1 mark, can be in
oil/petroleum any order
natural gas
Accept coal derivatives, eg. coke,
anthracite

Accept fuel derivatives in place of

oil, e.g. kerosene

Accept methane as alternative to

natural gas
(b) 1 (contributes to) global warming / acid Ignore pollution unqualified
rain / smog / non-renewable / emits
large amounts of CO2 / reference to Ignore climate change
effects of particulates e.g. asthma,
blackened buildings
(c) 1 material / matter from living things /
organisms
(d) 1 can produce / grow more not can be used again
(e) 1 Any one from: can be idea of these rather than
specific terms
deforestation / habitat destruction / soil
erosion / food chain disruption / loss of
natural resource / increased CO2 levels
/ loss of visual appeal of landscape /
loss of recreational resource
Total 5

Question 4
Part Mark Answer Further Information
4 element metal non-metal 6 ticks correct = 4 marks
5 ticks correct = 3 marks
A
4 ticks correct = 2 marks
B 2 or 3 ticks correct = 1 mark
C 1 tick correct = 0 marks
D
E
F

Total 4

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Question 5
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 arrow pointing upwards and parallel to Accept arrow drawn anywhere on
the ramp surface diagram
(b) 2 Any two from: Ignore same person timing / same
stopwatch
height of the ramp / number of books

same ramp surface / material

same weight / mass / size of object

Question 6
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 14 /14.0 Do not accept 14.00
(b) 1 0.8 / 0.80 Do not accept .8 or .80
Total 2

Question 7
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 object energy from energy to one mark for each correct answer
car (chemical) (kinetic)
light bulb (electrical) light
wood- (chemical) thermal Accept heat / light for wood fire
burning fire
battery in a chemical (electrical)
circuit

Total 3

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS

Question 8
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 ball moves quickly / difficulty looking at Allow ball may not bounce
eye level / hard to watch ball and scale vertically / in front/ in line with / scale
together
(b) 2 both points plotted correctly points to be within ±1/2 small square

appropriate straight line drawn

(c) 1 (idea that) anomalies are more easily
spotted / other values can be predicted
(d) 1 (idea that) less reliable / not as lack of reliability idea can refer to
accurate as Liz and Rena’s / whole test any aspect of the test
needs repeating
Total 5

Question 9
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 A: crust one mark for each correct answer

B: mantle
(b) 2 The inner core is a solid and it is made one mark for each correct answer
of iron. and must be in the correct order
Total 4

Question 10
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 forces are equal / same size / both one mark for each correct answer
100 N

forces are opposite / forces cancel out /

pulling against each other
(b) 1 decreases / becomes less / smaller Accept numerical value less than
100 N
Total 3

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS [Turn over

Question 11
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 B are taller one mark for each correct answer
B have paler leaves
Must refer to tray A or B

Allow reverse argument for A

Allow less green for paler

(b) 2 light is a form of energy one mark for each correct box

light is given out by the window more than two ticks = 0 marks
light is the same as heat

the sun is a light source

the moon is a light source

(c) 1 7 / 7.0 / seven

Total 5

Question 12
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 the moon (orbits the earth)
(b) 1 (idea that) all appear to go around us / Accept idea that Earth appears
appear to move across sky / Earth does stationary to us. Not Earth spins on
not seem to move / sun rises and sets axis unqualified.
Total 2

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS

Question 13
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 arrows from B and D pointing towards both arrows from B and D needed
centre of Earth for 1 mark

arrow from C pointing towards centre all arrows must be reasonably

straight and point approximately to
A the centre

D Earth B

(b) 2 The mass of object A will be the same one mark for each correct answer
when placed on the Moon

The weight of object A will be less

when placed on the Moon
Total 4

Question 14
Part Mark Answer Further Information
2 any value between 0 and below 7 Accept decimal values

because it is an acid
Total 2

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2014 S/S7/MS

Al Alson International
school

Science Department

Student name: ——————————————

Class: ——————————————————

Mark scheme
Science Progression
Tests Lower Secondary
Stage 8
Paper 1 & 2

Prepared by Dr. Raghda Amin

IG Science Department Coordinator
Science
Stage 8

Paper 1 2022
Cambridge Lower Secondary Progression Test
Mark Scheme

3145_01_MS_9RP
© UCLES 2022
S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

General guidelines on marking

Many descriptive answers can be expressed in a variety of ways. Professional judgement can be
used in these cases, providing it matches the marking points and further information in the mark
scheme.

Answers may have words spelt incorrectly. Credit is normally given for phonetically correct
answers, unless the word has a scientifically different meaning. For example, where the answer
should be antennae, credit will be given for antena but not for anthen (too close to anther).

Only the science is being assessed, so answers do not need to be grammatically correct.

Significant figures will be indicated in the question or in the mark scheme.

Unless specified all marking points are independent.

Annotations and abbreviations

/ or alternate responses for the same marking point

( ) brackets the words or units in brackets do not need to be stated, for example, (recycles or
releases or provides) minerals = minerals scores the mark

underline exact word is required

Accept an acceptable response

Do not accept indicates an incorrect response that would contradict another otherwise correct
alternative

Ignore indicates an irrelevant answer that is not creditworthy. Full marks can still be
achieved even with answers that are ignored.

Note provides extra information when necessary

ecf error carried forward; marks are awarded if an incorrect response has been
carried forward from earlier working provided the subsequent working is correct

ora or reverse argument; for example, as mass increases, volume increases could be
written as mass decreases, volume decreases

© UCLES 2022 Page 2 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

1 nutrient function 3 all four correct = 3 marks

protein good eyesight two or three correct = 2 marks

one correct = 1 mark

fat source of energy
more than one line from a nutrient to different
functions = 0 marks for that nutrient
vitamin A growth and repair

calcium strong teeth and bones

Question Answer Marks Further Information

2(a) nucleus 1

2(b) electron 1

2(c) negative / –ve 1 Accept –1 / 1–

Question Answer Marks Further Information

3(a) exothermic 1

3(b) (idea of) highest temperature change 1 Accept largest temperature increase / biggest
temperature rise

Ignore the temperature change is 25 oC

© UCLES 2022 Page 3 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

4(a) (distance) tape measure / metre ruler 2 Accept ruler

(time) stopclock / stopwatch Accept timer / chronometer / chronograph / clock

with a second hand

4(b) divide distance by time 1 Accept distance

time
or

distance ÷ time Accept (s =) d/t

4(c) (support his prediction) because the result for 30 degrees is 2

more than the result for 20 degrees/10 degrees or because
the result for 20 degrees/10 degrees is anomalous

(do not support his prediction) because the result for 20

degrees is less than the result for 10 degrees

© UCLES 2022 Page 4 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

5(a) thermometer 1

5(b) line graph 1 Note graph is not sufficient

Accept bar chart

5(c) Mia (no mark) 2 if Lily given = 0 marks for the question

because climate is average temperature / weather is each correct explanation = 1 mark

temperature in a particular place

because climate is change over a long period of time /

weather is temperature at a particular time

Question Answer Marks Further Information

6(a) C 1 more than one letter circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

6(b) mitochondria 1 Accept mitochondrion

6(c) (releases) energy 1

© UCLES 2022 Page 5 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

7(a) iron 1 Accept steel / nickel / cobalt

7(b) increase number of cells 1 Accept increase the current / increase the
voltage

Question Answer Marks Further Information

8(a) any two from 2

(idea that) temperature (change) is (broadly) similar at the Accept at start the temperature does not really
start change / at start the temperature is fairly constant

(idea that) temperature (change) increases since 1950 / Accept any dates between 1930 and 1950
temperature (change) higher since 1950

(idea that) there are still peaks and troughs / temperature

(change) is still going up and down at different times

8(b) carbon dioxide 1 Accept CO2 / methane / CH4 /

sulfur (VI) fluoride / SF6

8(c) 1.0 to 1.5 (oC) 1 Accept range of temperatures if within

1.0 to 1.5 (oC)

© UCLES 2022 Page 6 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

9(a) respiratory 1 more than one answer circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

9(b) a model (for a scientific concept or idea) 1

9(c) any one from 1 Accept an explanation about which part of the
model relates to each part of respiratory system
the balloons represent the lungs
Accept (give) similarities
the rubber sheet represents the diaphragm
Accept (give) differences
the tubing represents the trachea/bronchi
Accept (show) how the respiratory system works
the plastic bottle represents the ribcage

Question Answer Marks Further Information

10(a) 30 (g / 100 cm3) 1

10(b) B 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

smallest mass of sugar in 100 cm3 Accept has the lowest concentration

© UCLES 2022 Page 7 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

11(a) dispersion 1 more than one answer circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

11(b) 1 line drawn between paths of red and violet with at

ray of screen least one correct arrow = 1 mark
white light X
Note the line must be straight as judged by eye
glass block
Y

11(c) faster / greater / higher 1 Note different is not sufficient

Question Answer Marks Further Information

12(a) asteroids 1

12(b) rocks 1

© UCLES 2022 Page 8 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

13(a) decreases / gets smaller 2 all three correct = 2 marks

increases / gets larger one or two correct = 1 mark

increases / gets larger

13(b) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

grey squirrels out competed red squirrels for food

grey squirrels out competed red squirrels for shelter

grey squirrels introduced disease

Accept grey squirrels hunted red squirrels / grey
squirrels killed red squirrels as an extra marking
point

© UCLES 2022 Page 9 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

14(a) any two from 2

same volume of acid

same concentration of acid

same mass of metal powder Accept amount of metal as an alternative to mass

same temperature

Accept amount of acid if volume of acid and/or

concentration of acid has not been given as an
answer

Accept same surface area of metal

Ignore same equipment

14(b)(i) 65 (seconds) 1

14(b)(ii) calcium 1

14(c) zinc + (dilute) hydrochloric acid zinc chloride + hydrogen 1 Accept = instead of →

Note reactants can be either order

Note products can be either order

14(d) inert 1

© UCLES 2022 Page 10 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

15(a) (idea of gas) particles colliding with the bottle 1 Accept particles hit the bottle / particles bounce
off the bottle

Accept reference to wall rather than bottle

Ignore collisions between particles

Do not accept particles expand

15(b) because particles move more slowly / particles hit sides of 1 Accept less particles collide with bottle (per unit
bottle less hard / fewer collisions with bottle / particles have time) / particles lose energy / particles collide less
less energy often with bottle / reduced collision frequency with
bottle

15(c) diffusion 1 more than one answer circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

© UCLES 2022 Page 11 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme 2022

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 Page 12 of 12

Science
Stage 8

Paper 2 2022
Cambridge Lower Secondary Progression Test
Mark Scheme

3145_02_MS_6RP
© UCLES 2022
S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022
General guidelines on marking

Many descriptive answers can be expressed in a variety of ways. Professional judgement can be
used in these cases, providing it matches the marking points and further information in the mark
scheme.

Answers may have words spelt incorrectly. Credit is normally given for phonetically correct
answers, unless the word has a scientifically different meaning. For example, where the answer
should be antennae, credit will be given for antena but not for anthen (too close to anther).

Only the science is being assessed, so answers do not need to be grammatically correct.

Significant figures will be indicated in the question or in the mark scheme.

Unless specified all marking points are independent.

Annotations and abbreviations

/ or alternate responses for the same marking point

( ) brackets the words or units in brackets do not need to be stated, for example, (recycles or
releases or provides) minerals = minerals scores the mark

underline exact word is required

Accept an acceptable response

Do not accept indicates an incorrect response that would contradict another otherwise correct
alternative

Ignore indicates an irrelevant answer that is not creditworthy. Full marks can still be
achieved even with answers that are ignored.

Note provides extra information when necessary

ecf error carried forward; marks are awarded if an incorrect response has been
carried forward from earlier working provided the subsequent working is correct

ora or reverse argument; for example, as mass increases, volume increases could be
written as mass decreases, volume decreases

© UCLES 2022 Page 2 of 12

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

1(a) transports oxygen 1 Accept carries O2

Accept binds with oxygen

1(b) increased numbers of cell B / increased number of white 2 each correct answer = 1 mark
blood cells

to destroy pathogens / to fight infection

1(c)(i) plasma 1

1(c)(ii) transports (dissolved) nutrients / transports (dissolved) 1 Accept transports (dissolved) urea/hormones/
carbon dioxide amino acids

Question Answer Marks Further Information

2(a) A 1 more than one letter circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

2(b) angle of incidence = angle of reflection / 1

(angle) i = (angle) r

2(c) D 1 more than one letter circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

© UCLES 2022 Page 3 of 12

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

3(a) ink will dissolve in the solvent / pencil does not dissolve in 1 Accept solvent does not affect pencil / the ink will
the solvent also be separated / the ink might run / the ink
might wash off

3(b) (idea that) different dyes move up the paper at different 1 Accept higher level answers, such as colours
speeds have different Rf values / colours have different
attraction to the paper

3(c) yellow and green 2 both colours needed any order for the mark

yellow and green spots match the dyes in the food colouring Accept spots travel the same distance

Accept higher level answers, such as Rf values

are the same

© UCLES 2022 Page 4 of 12

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

4(a) 25 (%) 1

4(b) fossil fuels 1 Accept non-renewable

4(c) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

wind

tidal

solar power

hydrogen(-oxygen) fuel cell

geothermal

biomass / biofuel / biogas / bioethanol Accept wood/charcoal as biofuel

Question Answer Marks Further Information

5(a) (a pure substance) contains the substance only / no impurities 1

5(b) 10.8 2
(x 100) or 0.9 (x 100) correct fraction / correct substitution = 1 mark
12.0

90 (%) correct answer (with or without working) =

2 marks

© UCLES 2022 Page 5 of 12

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

6(a) (to make it) a fair test 1 Accept (mass) is a control variable

6(b) (same) amount of water / (same) distance from flame 1 Accept same initial temperature

Ignore same equipment

6(c) start final 2 correct headings = 1 mark

food temperature temperature
in oC in oC correct units = 1 mark
nut 28 64
Accept initial for start / end for final
biscuit 26 40
cereal 26 44
Note if no mark awarded accept 1 mark for three
bread 27 38 correct entries, e.g. two headings and one unit

6(d) nut 1

6(e) fat / carbohydrate 1 Accept sugar(s) / starch / monosaccharides /

saccharides

Question Answer Marks Further Information

7(a) (idea that) make sure north pole faces north pole 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

(idea that) make sure south pole faces south pole ensure like poles face each other = 2 marks

Accept marks from a labelled diagram

7(b) (idea that) north pole faces south pole / unlike poles must 1 Accept marks from a labelled diagram
face each other

© UCLES 2022 Page 6 of 12

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

8(a) any two from 1 both answers correct for the mark

(stellar) dust Accept other objects found in galaxies

gas

stars

planetary systems Accept planets

8(b) telescope 1 Accept named telescope, e.g. Hubble

Question Answer Marks Further Information

9(a) ecosystem 1 more than one answer circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

9(b) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

in the sand Accept other suitable habitats shown in the

picture
under a stone

in the soil

in the water

© UCLES 2022 Page 7 of 12

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

10(a) magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide 1 Accept = instead of

either order for the reactants

10(b) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

fizzes / bubbles Accept produces a gas / produces hydrogen

gets smaller / (eventually) disappears / forms a colourless Accept dissolves

solution

yellow flame

floats / moves on the surface

solution left is alkaline

© UCLES 2022 Page 8 of 12

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

11(a) yes (no mark) 1

and

as the number of turns increases, the number of paper clips Ignore makes the electromagnet stronger
picked up increases

11(b) repeat the experiment (for each number of turns) 2 correct improvement = 1 mark

correct explanation = 1 mark

as this will improve the reliability of the experiment / so Do not accept makes the investigation more
results can be checked / so averages can be taken accurate

do the experiment with different number of turns, e.g. 1, 3,

5, 7 and/or 9 turns

makes it easier to see any patterns / as this will provide

more data

use smaller paper clips

(idea that) more paper clips are picked up / improves

accuracy Accept other suitable ways of improving
reliability, accuracy or precision

Ignore reference to fair testing

© UCLES 2022 Page 9 of 12

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

12(a) core 1 both answers correct for the mark

magnet

12(b) compass 1

12(c) All arrows must be in the same direction 1 Accept all arrows drawn in opposite direction if
the learner assumes the Earth's magnetic north
pole is the same as the geographical north pole

Question Answer Marks Further Information

13(a) three points correctly plotted within ± half a square = 1 mark 2

curve of best fit through the points as judged by eye = 1 Accept ecf from incorrectly plotted points
mark
Do not accept dot to dot / curve that goes
through the origin

13(b) increases / rises / is greater 1

© UCLES 2022 Page 10 of 12

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

Question Answer Marks Further Information

14(a) A 1 more than one letter circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

14(b) D 1 more than one letter circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

14(c) B 1 more than one letter circled = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

ticking or underlining, but circling takes
precedence

Question Answer Marks Further Information

15 force x distance is a moment 2 Accept F1 x d1 or F2 x d2

balance when moments are equal / balance when clockwise answer must refer to moments rather than force
moment equals anticlockwise moment or pressure

but for 2 marks

F1 x d1 = F2 x d2

© UCLES 2022 Page 11 of 12

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme 2022

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2022 Page 12 of 12

Cambridge Lower Secondary Sample Test
For use with curriculum published in
September 2020

Science Paper 1
Mark Scheme
Stage 8

Science_S8_01_MS/9RP
© UCLES 2020
S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

General guidelines on marking

Many descriptive answers can be expressed in a variety of ways. Professional judgement can be
used in these cases, providing it matches the marking points and further information in the mark
scheme.

Only the science is being assessed so answers do not need to be grammatically correct. Significant
figures will be indicated in the question or in the mark scheme.
Unless specified all marking points are independent.

Annotations and abbreviations

/ OR alternate responses for the same marking point

( ) brackets the words or units in brackets do not need to be stated, for example, (recycles or
releases or provides) minerals = minerals scores the mark

Underline exact word is required

Accept an acceptable response

Do not accept indicates an incorrect response that would contradict another otherwise correct
alternative

Ignore indicates an irrelevant answer that is not creditworthy. Full marks can still be
achieved even with answers that are ignored.

Note provides extra information when necessary

ecf error carried forward; marks are awarded if an incorrect response has been carried
forward from earlier working, provided the subsequent working is correct

ora or reverse argument; for example, as mass increases, volume increases could be
written as mass decreases, volume decreases

© UCLES 2020 Page 2 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

1(a)(i) X = rib(s) (cage) 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

Y = diaphragm Ignore intercostal muscles

1(a)(ii) rib(s) (cage) moves up / moves out 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

diaphragm contracts / moves down / flattens

1(b)(i) stop-watch / timer 1 Accept data logger

Ignore chest band / spirometer

1(b)(ii) (running) speed 1

1(b)(iii) (same) duration / (same) person doing the running / (same) 1

breathing rate at start

1(b)(iv) in a table / graph / bar chart 1 Do not accept pie chart

© UCLES 2020 Page 3 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

2(a) positive charge on protons or nucleus and negative charge 2 each correct answer = 1 mark
on electrons

attract each other

2(b) any two from 2 Assume answer refers to sodium unless lithium
specified
different number of electrons / more electrons
Accept different number of neutrons / more
different number of protons / more protons neutrons

different size (of electron cloud, nucleus or atom) / larger Accept higher level answers from Stage 9
size e.g. Na has 3 shells

© UCLES 2020 Page 4 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

3(a)(i) 1 reflected ray drawn (with correct arrow)

and
angle of incidence approximately equal to angle
of reflection by eye

3(a)(ii) 2 first refracted ray bends towards normal = 1 mark

second refracted ray bends away from normal

= 1 mark

Ignore arrows on rays

3(b) dispersion 1

© UCLES 2020 Page 5 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

4(a) any one from 1

growth Accept (makes) enzymes / (makes) muscles /

(makes) hormones / (makes) skin / (makes) hair /
repair lactation

Ignore for strength / energy

4(b) water 1 Ignore vitamins, salts or minerals

4(c)(i) 194 (kJ) 1

4(c)(ii) carbohydrate 1

4(d) 4 g of protein 2 correct answer = 2 marks

RDA = 80 g sight of 4g of protein or 4 × 20 = 1 mark

Accept ecf of 20 × mass of protein

Question Answer Marks Further Information

5(a) idea that different dyes move across the paper at different 1 Accept different dyes have different attraction to
speeds the paper

5(b) A 2 if any other letter given = 0 marks for the question

the spots from ink A match the spots from the ink from the
letter (exactly)

© UCLES 2020 Page 6 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

6(a) two lines going from N to S and not crossing e.g. 1

6(b) increase the number of turns (of wire) 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

increase the number of cells / increase the current Accept have 7 or more turns (of wire)

Accept have a larger voltage or potential

difference

© UCLES 2020 Page 7 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

7(a) any two from 2 yes or no only = 0 marks

yes (evidence shows that) iguanodons lived in lush Accept maybe with one reason for yes and one
vegetation which grew in warm conditions reason for no

yes (evidence shows that) mammoths had thick woolly

covering showing adaptations to cold conditions

no because (idea of) one is in winter and one is in summer

no because no evidence for what happens in between

7(b) any one from 1 yes or no only = 0 marks

yes because (evidence shows that) almost 120 million years

between hot and cold conditions

yes because (evidence shows that) almost 120 million years

between iguanodon and mammoth conditions

yes because Europe is now warmer than it was 4000 years

ago when mammoths existed

no because you cannot tell how long either iguanodon or

mammoth lived on Earth

no because there is no evidence for time between 4000

years and 120 million years ago

© UCLES 2020 Page 8 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

8(a) temperature increases 1 Accept mixture gets hotter

8(b) endothermic 1 Accept answer written in table but answer line

takes precedence

8(c) 1 Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

metals non-metals inert explosive
underlining or ticking but circling takes precedence

Question Answer Marks Further Information

9(a) (speed =) 7.69 / 7.7 2 correct speed = 1 mark

m / s or metres per second correct units = 1 mark

Accept 7.692307 correctly rounded or truncated

Do not accept 8

Accept m s–1

9(b) B and C 1 if more than one box ticked = 0 marks

Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

circling or underlining but ticking takes
precedence

© UCLES 2020 Page 9 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

10(a) (idea that the asteroids are) 1

too small to be seen / too dim to be seen /

too far away to be seen / cannot be seen without the aid of
powerful telescope

10(b) 1
Galle Herschel Lippershey Piazzi

10(c)(i) (pieces of) rock 1 Accept metals, e.g. nickel and iron

10(c)(ii) they are too small / not spherical 1

10(d) any two from 2

can show more detail

can see even the smallest asteroids

can see more asteroids

can see the asteroids that are further away

© UCLES 2020 Page 10 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

11(a) H2SO4 1 Accept any order of symbols

11(b)(i) idea of a model showing the similarity of like features for 1

comparison

11(b)(ii) high concentration – a lot of children in the room 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

low concentration – a few children in the room

Question Answer Marks Further Information

12 prediction – diameter of balloon increases 3 each correct answer = 1 mark

because at higher temperatures particles move faster or Accept particles hit surface of balloon harder
have more energy

particles spread out / greater distance between particles / Accept atoms or molecules instead of particles
balloon walls pushed out

© UCLES 2020 Page 11 of 12

S8/01 Science Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme From 2020

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2020 Page 12 of 12

Cambridge Lower Secondary Sample Test
For use with curriculum published in
September 2020

Science Paper 2
Mark Scheme
Stage 8

Science_S8_02_MS/8RP
© UCLES 2020
S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme From 2020

General guidelines on marking

Many descriptive answers can be expressed in a variety of ways. Professional judgement can be
used in these cases, providing it matches the marking points and further information in the mark
scheme.

Annotations and abbreviations

/ OR alternate responses for the same marking point

( ) brackets the words or units in brackets do not need to be stated, for example, (recycles or
releases or provides) minerals = minerals scores the mark

Underline exact word is required

Accept an acceptable response

Do not accept indicates an incorrect response that would contradict another otherwise correct
alternative

Ignore indicates an irrelevant answer that is not creditworthy. Full marks can still be
achieved even with answers that are ignored.

Note provides extra information when necessary

ecf error carried forward; marks are awarded if an incorrect response has been carried
forward from earlier working, provided the subsequent working is correct

ora or reverse argument; for example, as mass increases, volume increases could be
written as mass decreases, volume decreases

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

1(a)(i) red (blood cell) / erythrocyte 1

1(a)(ii) 1 Accept W circled on diagram

W X Y Z
Accept any indication of the correct answer,
e.g. ticking or underlining but circling takes
precedence

1(b) idea of white blood cells fight disease / kill germs 1 Accept fight infection

Accept higher level answers, e.g. kill pathogens /

make antibodies

1(c)(i) plasma 1 Accept serum

1(c)(ii) (transports) nutrients / carbon dioxide / hormones / urea 1 Ignore blood cells

Accept named hormone / named nutrient /

antibodies

1(d)(i) 10 (mm) 1 Accept to within ± 1 mm

Measure the diameter on the printed copy

1(d)(ii) 5.0 (microns) 1 Accept ecf as (d)(i) × 0.5

Accept 5

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

2(a) 2 all three correct = 2 marks

particle charge
one or two correct = 1 mark
proton + / positive
For proton accept +1 or 1+
neutron 0 / no charge Do not accept 2+, +3 etc.

electron – / negative For electron accept –1 or 1–

Do not accept – 2, 3 – etc.

2(b) nucleus 1

Question Answer Marks Further Information

3(a) 2 each correct colour = 1 mark

3(b) 1 Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.

blue light no light white light yellow light ticking or underlining but circling takes
precedence

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

4(a)(i) idea of groups of living organisms interacting with their 1 Accept living things and their surrounding
environment
Accept an answer that includes an example e.g.
the inhabitants of a tropical rain forest
4(a)(ii) any two from 2

fewer competitors Accept no competitors

fewer predators
abundance of food Accept no predators
lots of places to breed
more suitable habitats
more shelter
suitable climate / favourable climate
fewer diseases
4(a)(iii) may eat all the plants idea / outcompete other species / 1 Accept eat lots of plants
introduce disease / destroy habitats / affect food chains or
food webs Do not accept eats other animals
4(b)(i) any one from 1

counting the number of foxes

description of suitable sampling technique examples may include setting cameras to sample
different area / (humane) traps to sample different
areas
4(b)(ii) idea of an organism that outcompetes a (native) organism 1 Accept species, animal or plant for organism
4(b)(iii) any one from 1

idea that the map shows a pattern of spread (from the

South) across most of Australia

foxes are found in areas they were not introduced

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

5(a) (mass) increases 1

5(b) 105 ± 1 (g) 1 Accept a range of answers provided they are in

the given range e.g. 104 – 106

5(c) 69 ± 1 (°C) 1 Accept a range of answers provided they are in

the given range e.g. 68 – 70

Question Answer Marks Further Information

6a 2 at least two lines going from N to S that do not

cross or touch = 1 mark

at least one correct arrow not contradicted = 1

mark

6b at least two lines in the correct pattern e.g. 1 Ignore direction of arrows if direction is incorrect
in (a)

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

7(a) galaxy 1

7(b) (stellar) dust / gas 1 Accept moons / asteroids / comets / sub-atomic

particles / meteors

7(c) solar system 1

Question Answer Marks Further Information

8(a) magnesium + oxygen → magnesium oxide 1 Accept correct formulae or correct mix of words
and formulae but word question takes precedence
e.g. Mg + O2 → MgO

8(b) gold is at the bottom of the reactivity series 1 Accept gold is inert

8(c) calcium hydroxide 2 Accept Ca(OH)2 but name takes precedence

hydrogen Accept H2 / H but name takes precedence

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

9(a) 400 × 3 = Oliver’s weight × 2 or 2 600 (N) on its own = 2 marks

Oliver’s weight = (400 × 3) ÷ 2

600 (N)

9(b) pressure = force ÷ area 3 two correct pressure answers = 3 marks

Pierre’s pressure = (440 ÷ 0.04) = 11 000 (N / m2) Accept correct numerical substitution into
equation(s) = 1 mark
Rajiv’s pressure = (500 ÷ 0.05) = 10 000 (N / m2)

Question Answer Marks Further Information

10(a) C 1 Accept any indication of the correct answer on

the diagram but answer line takes precedence

10(b) core 1 must have the name not the letter

10(c) 1 Accept any indication of the correct answer e.g.

compass electromagnet forcemeter voltmeter underlining or ticking but circling takes
precedence

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

11(a) to make it a fair test / to control the variables 1 Ignore references to reliability or accuracy

11(b) measure the temperature (of the acid) before adding metal 2 measure temperature at start and end / measure
the temperature change = 2 marks
measure the temperature of the reaction mixture at the end
of the reaction Accept measure the temperature = 1 mark if no
other mark awarded

Ignore other measurements

Question Answer Marks Further Information

12 3 labels not needed

correct pieces of apparatus selected iron rod, wire and cell = 1 mark

Ignore ammeter, voltmeter and switch

written or as part of the diagram even if diagram

coil of wire on iron rod not correct = 1 mark

circuit correctly drawn Accept circuit correctly drawn = 3 marks

If ammeter, voltmeter and switch shown they

must be in the correct place in the circuit

S8/02 Science Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme From 2020

Question Answer Marks Further Information

13(a) records allow trends and patterns to be observed 1

13(b)(i) to increase the validity of the results / to increase the 1 Accept the Earth has a large surface area
reliability of the results / to enable you to make averages
Ignore reference to accuracy

13(b)(ii) any one from 1

the changes may be very small

(takes a long time) to see a pattern

even out any anomalies

Cambridge Lower Secondary Progression Test
Science mark scheme
Stage 8

General guidelines on marking

Many descriptive answers can be expressed in a variety of ways. Professional judgement can be
used in these cases, providing it matches the marking points and further information in the mark
scheme.

Only the science is being assessed so answers do not need to be grammatically correct.

Significant figures will be indicated in the question or in the mark scheme.

Unless specified all marking points are independent.

Annotations and abbreviations

/ OR alternate responses for the same marking point

( ) brackets the words or units in brackets do not need to be stated, for example, (recycles or
releases or provides) minerals = minerals scores the mark

Accept an acceptable response

Do not accept indicates an incorrect response that would contradict another otherwise correct
alternative

Ignore indicates an irrelevant answer that is not creditworthy. Full marks can still be
achieved even with answers that are ignored.

ecf error carried forward; marks are awarded if an incorrect response has been carried
forward from earlier working provided, the subsequent working is correct

ora or reverse argument; for example, as mass increases, volume increases could be
written as mass decreases, volume decreases

Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark scheme

Question 1
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 organ letter function each correct organ, letter,
large intestine (A) absorbs water
function linkage = 1 mark

(stomach) B (digests protein)

produces
small intestine C
enzymes

absorbs
pancreas D
digested food

Total 3

Question 2
Part Mark Answer Further Information
4 element chemical symbol six correct lines = 4 marks
Ni
five correct lines = 3 marks
nitrogen P
four correct lines = 2 marks
phosphorus N

two or three correct lines = 1

potassium Na
mark
silicon Po
one correct line = 0 marks
sodium S
more than one line from an
sulfur K element is incorrect
Si

Total 4

Question 3
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 see table below four correct rows = 3 marks

three correct rows = 2 marks

one or two correct rows = 1 mark

more than one tick in a row

= 0 marks for that row

Accept any indication of correct

answers, e.g. crosses or stars
question decreases increases stays the same
What happens to the loudness of the sound 
between X and Y?
What happens to the amplitude of the sound 
between X and Y?
What happens to the pitch of the sound between X 
and Y?
What happens to the frequency of the sound 
between X and Y?

Total 3

Question 4
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 put the material between the clips / put
material in to complete circuit (close the
switch)

lamp lights
(b) 2 each correct tick = 1 mark
brittle
if three ticks two correct = 1 mark
ductile 
if three ticks one correct
heat insulators = 0 marks
high melting point  if four or five ticks = 0 marks
low melting point Accept other indications of the
correct answers but ticks take
precedence
Total 4

Question 5
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 Any one from Ignore time interval / size or
species of plant / amount of light
temperature
Accept same size of cover
type of soil

minerals / fertiliser

amount of water

supply of air / supply of CO2

(b) 1 Any one from

mass of plants

height of plants

area of leaves / length of leaves / width

of leaves
(c) 2 most growth = clear colours = 1 mark
and linked explanation = 1 mark
least growth = black / green

most photosynthesis in clear / no or

little photosynthesis in dark / green not
absorbed by plant
Total 4

Question 6
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 colour of colour of colour of light, each correct answer = 1 mark
light he filter if any, that
shines at comes through
the filter the filter
(red) (red) red
for no light Accept nothing /
(green) (red) no light black / no colour
(white) (red) red
Do not accept white for no light
Total 3

Question 7
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 water evaporates faster Accept more transpiration
(b) (i) 1 xylem Ignore vessels
(ii) 2 Any two from

hollow tube / no contents

no end walls / combine to form long

tubes

waterproof walls

thick walls / rigid walls / strong walls

Total 4

Question 8
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) (i) 1 the air Accept water
(ii) 1 iron + oxygen + water → hydrated both needed for mark
iron oxide
Accept O2 for oxygen
(iii) 1 iron hydroxide or iron chloride or iron Ignore the use of oxidation states
sulfate or iron carbonate in a formula

Accept iron nitrate, iron

phosphate

Accept hydrated iron oxide

(b) 1 atoms Accept ions, electrons, protons,
neutrons
Total 4

Question 9
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 3 x-axis labelled as time in s(econds) and labelling = 1 mark
y-axis labelled as distance in m(etres)
plotting = 1 mark
(60, 300) and (100, 500) plotted correctly
best fit (through origin) = 1 mark
line of best fit drawn through the plotted
points Accept ± ½ a small square error
500 in plotting

400
distance in
metres 300
........................
200

100

0
0 20 40 60 80 100
time in seconds
........................

(b) 2 distance/time 1 mark. Accept any correct pair

of distance and time, e.g. 50/10
but
2 marks. Accept correct answer
5 (m / s) with no working out
Total 5

Question 10
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 respiration more than one answer circled
= 0 marks
Accept other indications
of answer but circle takes
precedence
(b) 3 Accept carbon dioxide and water
in any order.
(oxygen) + glucose sugar each correct answer in box = 1
mark
Ignore energy in equation

Accept chemical formulae but

names take precedence
carbon dioxide + water
glucose is C6H12O6

carbon dioxide is CO2

water is H2O

Question 11
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) (i) 1 A two or more letters = 0 marks
(ii) 1 E two or more letters = 0 marks
(iii) 1 B two or more letters = 0 marks
(b) (i) 1 mixture because it contains salt and Accept mixture because it can
water be separated
(ii) 1 compound because it contains two Accept compound because
elements joined together sodium and chlorine are joined

Accept compound because it

has the formula NaCl
Total 5

Question 12
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 attract(ing) Ignore join together

opposite poles / a N and a S / a north

(pole) and a south (pole)
(b) 2 repel(ling) Ignore push apart

like poles / a N and a N / two north

(poles)
Total 4

Question 13
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 to withstand pressure / stop it bursting Accept contains high pressure
blood
(b) 1 so they can stretch / allow a pulse /
keep them flexible
Total 2

Question 14
Part Mark Answer Further Information
1 Accept label line to correct
position

Total 1

Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark scheme

Question 1
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 protein / fibre / mineral(s) / vitamins / Accept water
named vitamin (other than vitamin C)
(b) (i) 1 fat
(ii) 1 carbohydrate
(c) 1 vitamin C destroyed by heating / vitamin Accept part of potato that
C decomposed by cooking contains the vitamin C is cut
away from potato before cooking
/ skin is removed prior to cooking
/ vitamin C dissolves in water /
vitamin C evaporates
Total 4

Question 2
Part Mark Answer Further Information
1 A to E more than one answer circled
= 0 marks

Accept other indications of

correct answer but circle takes
precedence
Total 1

Question 3
Part Mark Answer Further Information
2 refracted / refraction Accept the (ray of) light changes
direction / bent

the speed of light changes / the (ray of) Accept glass is denser than air /
light slows down there is a change of medium

Do not accept the ray of light

speeds up
Total 2

Question 4
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 increases Accept goes up
(b) 1 decreases Accept goes down
(c) 1 decreases Accept goes down
Total 3

Question 5
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 1. true all six correct = 3 marks

2. false four or five correct = 2 marks

3. false two or three correct = 1 mark

4. false one correct = 0 marks

5. false

6. true
Total 3

Question 6
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) (i) 1 mass of salt Accept concentration of salt /
amount of salt / grams of salt
(ii) 1 volume of water / time nail left in water / Accept type of nail / size of nail
temperature
Accept mass of water / amount
of water
(iii) 1 the more salt the rustier the nail Accept salt speeds up rusting
(b) (i) 1 oxygen Accept O2

if name and formula used both

must be correct
(ii) 1 little water / water cannot enter Accept no air can get in / no
oxygen can get in
Total 5

Question 7
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 group A (mass) increases (quickly) Accept goes up

group B (mass) increases then (mass) each correct answer = 1 mark

decreases / (mass) increases slower
than A
(b) 2 group A (mass) increases and then Accept goes down
(mass) decreases
each correct answer = 1 mark
group B (mass initially stays constant /
decreases and then) increases
Total 4

Question 8
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 protractor
(b) 2 correct headings = 1 mark
angle A angle B
in  in  Accept in degrees
Accept incident angle for angle A
/ refracted angle for angle B
enough space in table for 6
results = 1 mark

horizontal lines not needed within

table

Total 3

Question 9
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 oxygen Accept other indication of
correct answer but circle takes
precedence
two or more answers = 0 marks
(b) 2 decreases Accept increases and increases
= 1 mark
decreases
Accept stays the same and stays
the same = 1 mark
(c) 1 amount of carbon dioxide Accept amount of chlorophyll
temperature
Accept minerals
amount of water
colour of light
pH
Total 4

Question 10
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 has more than one type of element Accept has copper and chlorine
(bonded together) (bonded together)

Accept has more than one type

of atom

Do not accept a mixture of

elements or a mixture of copper
and chlorine
(b) 1 Chlorine is a solid at room Accept other indication of correct
temperature because it has answer but tick takes precedence
a high melting point.
if more than one tick = 0 marks
Chlorine conducts electricity
because its molecules are
close together.

Chlorine is a gas at room

temperature because it has a
low boiling point. 

Chlorine conducts heat because

its molecules are far apart.
(c) 1 good conductor of heat / high melting Ignore
point cooks food quickly / good
conductor / good electrical /
conductor / strong /
malleable / shiny
(d) 1 (very) strong
Total 4

Question 11
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 (copper) wire wrapped around iron rod Accept diagram or circuit
diagram or mix of diagram and
correct circuit to pass current through circuit diagram
wire
Ignore switches

for two marks the electromagnet

must work
(b) 1 can be turned off (and on) Accept is not always on
Total 3

Question 12
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 oxygen in the air nose correct = 1 mark

trachea, bronchus and bronchiole

correct = 1 mark
nose alveolus correct = 1 mark

trachea

bronchus

bronchiole

alveolus

oxygen in the blood

Total 3

Question 13
Part Mark Answer Further Information
1 calcium  calcium + carbon calcium oxide and carbon dioxide
carbonate oxide dioxide can be in either order

Accept correct formulae but

words take precedence

calcium carbonate is CaCO3

calcium oxide is CaO

carbon dioxide is CO2

Total 1

Question 14
Part Mark Answer Further Information
2 Any two from Accept converse comparative
statements about Blessy
Gabriella has lower resting pulse

Gabriella’s pulse does not rise as much statements must be comparative

Gabriella’s maximum heart rate is less

than Blessy’s

Gabriella’s pulse returns to normal

faster / recovery time is shorter
Total 2

Question 15
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 260 (s) 1 mark Accept ecf from incorrect
world record time
1500 or distance
260 time 1 mark Accept ecf from incorrect
distance used in equation or from
incorrect world record time but
final answer must be 2 significant
figures
5.8 (m / s)
correct answer on answer line
with or without workings =
3 marks

any answer that rounds to

5.8 / 5.7 / 6 = 2 marks
Total 3

Question 16
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 beryllium oxide Ignore chemical formulae
(b) 2 two (or more) different atoms / two (or each correct idea = 1 mark
more) elements
Do not accept a mixture
chemically joined / bonded together
Accept cannot be separated by
physical means = 2 marks

Total 3

Question 17
Part Mark Answer Further Information
2 correct field lines, none crossing,
at least one above and one below
magnet = 1 mark
S N

at least one arrow must be drawn

but if more than one drawn they
must all be in the correct direction
= 1 mark
Total 2

BLANK PAGE

Cambridge Secondary 1 Progression Test
Mark scheme

Science

Stage 8

Correct answer Also accept Do not accept

Units are not given 1.85 m Correct conversions 1.85
on answer line and provided the unit is
the question does not stated, e.g. 185 m
specify a unit 1 m 85 cm
185 cm
1850 mm
0.00185 km

If the unit is given on .......1.85.......m Correct conversions, .......185.......m

Stage 8 Paper 1 Mark Scheme

Question 1
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 X = vein(s) Accept phonetic spelling
Y = artery / arteries
Ignore named vessels e.g Vena
Cava or Aorta
(b) 1 lung(s)
Total 3

Question 2
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 4 name chemical symbol each correct answer
Al = 1 mark
neon Na

sodium Ar
more than one line from any
name is incorrect
nitrogen Ne

aluminium N

(b) 2
aluminium neon nitrogen sodium

(c) 3 Any three from: 1 mark for each property

high melting point Accept solid at room

temperature if melting and boiling
high boiling point point not mentioned

(good) conductor of heat Accept (good) conductor for 1

mark if unqualified
(good) conductor of electricity

malleable Accept can be worked into

shapes

sonorous Accept rings when hit

ductile Accept can be drawn into wires

high tensile strength Accept strong

hard Ignore tough

high density Ignore heavy

lustrous Accept shiny

Accept chemical properties such

as:
form positive ions
are reducing agents
form basic oxides
form ionic compounds with non
metals
Total 9

Question 3
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 repel Accept the hanging magnet
moves away

idea of having two poles that are the

same
(b) 1 the idea that the iron stand is attracted Accept the magnet is attracted /
to the magnet moves towards iron stand
Total 3

Question 4
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 A = oesophagus Accept gullet

B = large intestine Accept colon

(b) 1 absorption (of nutrients) / chemical Accept specific examples of
digestion / enzyme digestion digestion e.g. fats are broken
down / fats are emulsified
/ carbohydrates to sugars /
proteins to amino acids
or peptides
Total 3

Question 5
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 Sound is a type of energy.
Sound is made when the particles in the
air vibrate.
(b)(i) 1 D
(b)(ii) 1 C
(b)(iii) 2 size of wave length stays the same

height of wave increases from left to

right

Total 6

Question 6
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 4 x-axis labelled time in minutes and Accept time / min
y-axis labelled heart rate in beats per Do not accept time / m
minute = 1 mark Accept heart rate / bpm
Accept units placed in brackets

four correctly plotted points = 2 marks Accept a plotting error of ± half a

square
but

two or three correctly plotted points =

1 mark

smooth curve through most of the points Accept curve if plots are
= 1 mark incorrect
(b) 1 result from the learner’s graph for 2 Accept ±4 beats per minute
minutes
(c) 2 Any two from:

(muscles/cells) need more oxygen / Accept O2

oxygen supplied faster

(muscles/cells) need more glucose / Accept C6H12O6

glucose supplied faster Ignore sugar

removal of more carbon dioxide / Accept CO2

carbon dioxide removed faster (from
muscles/cells)
Total 7

Question 7
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 Any two from: Ignore reference to releasing

same distance between timing gates

same (surface on) ramp

same height

same position of start line

idea that the toy always travels parallel

to edge of ramp
(b)(i) 2 distance between the timing gates distance alone is not sufficient
(in metres)

time taken to travel between the timing time alone is not sufficient
gates (in seconds)
(b)(ii) 3 distance 1 correct answer with no working
time / out = 2 marks
2.5
0.4
Accept metres per second
m/s
Total 7

Question 8
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 4 each correct label = 1 mark

element
............................. compound
.............................

mixture
............................. element
.............................

(b) 2 hydrogen + oxygen water Accept = instead of

correct reactants and arrow = 1 mark Accept reactants in either order

Accept H2 and O2 and arrow

arrow and correct product = 1 mark Accept arrow and H2O

Total 6

Question 9
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2
If an egg is present the sperm
enters the egg. 5
5 and 4 in the correct place =
The journey continues into the 1 mark
oviduct (fallopian tube). 4
Sperm is deposited in the
1
vagina.
Sperm travels through the
cervix. 2 2 and 3 in the correct place =
Sperm swim across the uterus 1 mark
(womb). 3

(b)(i) 1 label, A, pointing to the tail

tail

(b)(ii) 1 label, B, pointing to the nucleus Ignore labelled head of sperm

cell
nucleus

(c) 2 Any two from:

idea that both eggs can be fertilised

idea that this will lead to the development

of twins

idea of non-identical twins

Total 6

Stage 8 Paper 2 Mark Scheme

Question 1
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 any value between 12 and 18 Accept any range between these
values
(b) 2 correct reactants in any order = 1
carbon mark
oxygen + glucose
dioxide + water

correct products in any order = 1

mark

Accept correct formulae O2,

C6H12O6, CO2, H2O
Total 3

Question 2
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 photosynthesis
(b) 2 Any two from:

carbon dioxide is needed for Accept CO2

photosynthesis

more photosynthesis / more food is

made /

bigger plants / increased crop yield /

faster growth
(c) 2 Any two from:

height

(dry) mass Accept weight

number of tomatoes (fruits)

surface area of leaves / number of

leaves
Total 5

Question 3
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 roots / root hairs
(b) 1 osmosis / through cell walls (of root hair
cells) / absorption (through roots)
(c) 3 Any three from:

transported (away)

(transports) minerals / sugars

travels up the stem Accept travels through the xylem

goes to the leaves / other named part(s) Accept goes to stomata / leaf
of the plant pore

(used in) photosynthesis

evaporates (through leaves) / Accept is lost to the air

transpiration
Total 5

Question 4
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3
elements compound

magnesium
magnesium + oxygen
oxide

lead + sulfur lead sulfide Accept sulphur

copper Do not accept chlorine in place

copper + chlorine
chloride of chloride

Total 3

Question 5
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 carbon Accept any order

hydrogen

oxygen
Total 3

Question 6
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 red

orange orange and yellow in correct

place = 1 mark
yellow
green green in correct place = 1 mark
blue and indigo in correct place =
blue 1 mark

indigo
violet
Total 3

Question 7
Part Mark Answer Further Information
5 each correct answer = 1 mark
colour colour of colour
of light from of light
Accept no colour in place of
object spotlight reflected
black
red red
Accept no light (ray) in place of
white blue blue black
green green

red red

red blue black

green black

red black
blue blue blue
green black

red red

yellow blue black

green green

Total 5

Question 8
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 the result for 5 volts Accept the idea of the result
within the 27 to 29 paper clip
range
(b) 1 (idea that) the paperclips were made Accept a named metal however
from a non-magnetic material do not award mark for metals or
alloys that contain iron, cobalt or
nickel

(c) 2 at least two correct field lines, no

two field lines should touch = 1
mark
S N
direction arrow from north to
south every time it is drawn = 1
mark

Ignore straight lines that leave

the ends of the iron bar
Total 4

Question 9
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 moves mucus Accept wafts mucus

Accept Traps / moves out foreign

objects
(b) 1 paralyses (cilia) / stops (cilia) working Do not accept kills (cilia)
(c) 1 nicotine
Total 3

Question 10
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 B A if answer is not B = 0 marks

B Accept B if clearly shown in the

picture

bulb Jamilah wall

light travels in a straight line / correct

straight line on the picture
(b) 3 plane
mirror
four correct = 3 marks
i two or three correct = 2 marks
one correct = 1 mark
reflected
ray
R
Accept the arrow on either
incident ray, reflected ray or on
light source
both providing no contradictions
N

Total 5

Question 11
Part Mark Answer Further Information
3 When she sits on the ball the mass of
air inside it stays the same.

When she sits on the ball the pressure

inside it increases.

When she sits on the ball the volume of

air inside it decreases.
Total 3

Question 12
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 1 diffusion
(b) 1 particles have more (kinetic) energy /
particles move faster
Total 2

Question 13
Part Mark Answer Further Information
(a) 2 no because no unqualified = 0 marks

Any two from: if yes = 0 marks

in dry air aluminium is slower than iron

/ aluminium has a lower number than
iron

in sea water aluminium is slower than

iron / aluminium has a lower number
than iron

in acid rain aluminium is slower than

iron / aluminium has a lower number
than iron

in distilled water aluminium is slower

than iron / aluminium has a lower
number than iron
(b) 1 all the numbers are the same / it is not sufficient to just identify
all the corrosion speeds are the same three or fewer numbers to be the
same
(c) 1 corrosion is faster in acid rain / Accept reverse argument
numbers are larger in acid rain
answer must be comparative
(d) 2 Any two from: Ignore normal lab rules
applicable for all experiments, the
wear eye protection safety precautions must apply to
the experiment in the question
wear protective clothing e.g. lab coat

wear gloves

idea of acid not being too concentrated Ignore use of weak acid

idea of having an acid Accept alkali or base

neutraliser available e.g. sodium
hydrogencarbonate

put in a fume cupboard / hood

Total 6

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