TRIANGLES

1. In the given figure , if DE ║ BC, then the value of x is

(a) 5
(b) 6
(c) 3
(d) 7

2. In ΔABC, AC = 15 cm and DE ║ BC. If AB/AD = 3, then EC =

(a) 5cm (b) 10 cm (c) 2.5cm (d) 9cm

3. In ABC, Given that DE//BC, D is the midpoint of AB and E is a midpoint of AC. The ratio AE: EC
is
(a) 1: 3 (b) 1:1 (c) 2:1 (d) 1:2

4. In △ ABC and △ DEF, ∠A = ∠E = 40∘ and AB/ED = AC/EF. If ∠F is 65°, then ∠B =

(a) 85° (b) 75° (c) 35° (d) 65°

5. The triangles ABC and ADE are similar, which of the following is true?
(a) EC/AC = AD/DE
(b) BC/BD = CE/DE
(c) AB/AD = BC/DE
(d) All of the Above

6. If in △ CAB and △ FED, AB/ EF = BC/FD = AC/ED, then:

(a) △ ABC∼△ DEF (b) △ CAB∼△ DEF
(c) △ ABC∼△ EFD (d) △ CAB∼△ EFD

7. ABCD is a parallelogram with diagonal AC. If a line XY is

drawn such that it cuts the side AD at point Z and XY ∥ AB,
then BX/XC =
(a) (AY/AC) (b) DZ/AZ
(c) AZ/ZD (d) AC/AY

8. If Δ ABC and Δ DEF are similar such that 2AB = DE and BC = 8 cm, then Find EF.
(a) 16 cm (b) 12 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 4 cm

9. △ ABC is such that AB = 3 cm, BC = 2 cm and CA = 2.5 cm.△ DEF is similar to △ABC. If EF
= 4 cm, then the perimeter of △DEF is
(a) 7.5 cm (b) 15 cm (c) 30 cm (d) 22.5 cm

10. In △ABC, given below, AB = 8 cm, BC = 10 cm and AC = 6 cm. If a point P lies on AB and Q
on AC such that PQ ∥ BC and PQ = 5 cm, then AP =
(a) 4 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 3 cm (d) 2 cm
 REASONING AND ASSERTION
Q.1. Assertion: If ∆ABC and ∆PQR are congruent triangles, then they are also similar triangles.
Reason: All congruent triangles are similar but the similar triangles need not be
congruent.

Q.2. Assertion: In the given figure, ∆АВС ~ ΔΑΕΙ. If BC = 8 cm, AB = 6.5 cm,
AD = 2.8 cm and DE = 4 cm, then AC = 5.6 cm.
Reason: If in two triangles, angles of one triangle are proportional to the angles of
the other triangle, then their corresponding sides are equal, and hence, the two
triangles are similar.
Q.3. Assertion: In the ∆ABC, AB = 24 cm, BC = 10 cm and AC = 26 cm, then ∆ABC is a
right angle triangle.
Reason: If in two triangles, their corresponding angles are equal, then the triangles are
similar.

Q.4. Assertion: The Basic Proportionality Theorem only applies to right–angled triangles.
Reason: The Basic Proportionality Theorem can be used to prove the similarity of any two
triangles with proportional sides.

Q.5. Assertion: In ∆ABC, if DE || BC and AD = 4x – 3, AE = 8x – 7, BD = 3x – 1 and CE = 5x – 3,

then x = 5 units.
Reason: If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two sides at
distinct points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.

Q.6. Assertion: In ∆ABC if D and E are midpoints of sides AB and AC, then DE || BC.
Reason: If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of the other triangle and the sides
including these angles are proportional, then the two triangles are similar.

𝐷𝐸 𝐸𝐹
Q.7. ∆DEF and ∆XYZ are two triangles right angled at point E and Y, Also, = .
𝑋𝑌 𝑌𝑍
Assertion: ∆DEF is similar to ∆XYZ.

Reason: All right angled triangles are similar to each other.

𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶
Q.8. Assertion: In a ∆ABC a line DE || BC, intersects AB at D and AC at E, then =
𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐸
Reason: If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle intersecting the other two sides, then
the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
Q.9. Assertion: A vertical stick which is 15 cm long casts a 12 cm long shadow on the ground. At the
same time, a vertical tower casts a 50 m long shadow on the ground, then the height of the tower
is 50 m.
Reason: The ratio of the perimeters of two similar triangles is the same as the ratio of their
corresponding sides.

Q.10. Assertion: D and E are points on the side AB and AC respectively of ∆ABC such AD = 4 cm,
DB = 6 cm, AE = 9 cm and EC = 15 cm, then DE is parallel to BC.
Reason: If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio then it is parallel to the
third side.
 CASE STUDY 1
The Burj Khalifa, located in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, is the
tallest tower in the world, standing at approximately 828 m. It
features the highest observation deck open to the public. While
walking on the deck, a person observed the shadows of the Burj
Khalifa and nearby buildings. At one point, he noted that the shadow
of the Burj Khalifa measured 207 m, while the shadow of a building
named 'P' was 46 m long.

Based on the above information answer the following questions:

(i) Name the property which can be used to find out the length of the building 'P'.
(ii) Calculate the height of building 'P'.
(iii) What is the length of shadow of Burj Khalifa when the length of shadow of building 'Q' is 81
metres?
OR
At the same instance when the length of the shadow of Burj Khalifa was 207 m, what will be
the length of the shadow of building 'Q' of height 108 m?

CASE STUDY 2

Peter, who is 1.6 m tall, is standing near a lamp post. He observes his shadow and the shadow of the
lamp post on the ground. He finds the length of his shadow CE to be 2 m. while the length of the
shadow of the lamp post AE was 6 m.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions:

(i) Show that △ABE ∼ △ACDE.

(ii) Find the length of the lamp post AB.
(iii) Find the ratio of the sides DE and BD.
OR
Find the ratio of perimeters of the triangles ABE and CDE.

CASE STUDY 3

A farmer had a triangular piece of land. He put a fence, parallel to one of the sides of the field as
shown in the figure.

Based on the above information answer the following questions:

(i) If the point D is 20 m away from point A, whereas AB and AC are 80 m and 100 m
respectively, find the length of AE.
(ii) If AD = x + 1, DB = 3x1, AE = x + 3, EC = 3x + 4, then find the value of x.
(iii) State whether BDAE = AD EC or not. Give reason.
OR
If P and Q are the mid points of sides YZ and XZ respectively in AZYX, then state
whether PQ || YX or not. Give reason.
1. In the given figure, AB ║ PQ, PQ ║ CD,
AB = x units, CD = y units and PQ = z units,
1 1 1
Prove that   .
x y z

2. In the given figure two triangles ABC and DBC lie on the
same side of base BC. P is a point on BC such that
PQ ║ BA and PR ║ BD. Prove that QR ║ AD.

3. In the figure, M is the midpoint on the side CD of a parallelogram

ABCD. BM, when joined, meets AC in L and AD produced in E.
Prove that EL = 2BL. Also, show that EL = 4LM.

4. X is a point on the side BC of ∆ABC. XM and XN are drawn parallel to AB and AC respectively
meeting AB in N and AC in M. MN produced meets CB produced at T. Prove that TX 2 = TB × TC.

5. ABC is a triangle in which AB = AC and D is a point on

AC such that BC2 = AC x CD. Prove that BD = BC.
1972

6. In the given figure AB  BC, DE  AC and

DC  BC, prove that ∆CED ~ ∆ABC.

7. In the given figure, AB  BC and DE  AC. Prove that

∆ABC ~ ∆ AED

8. In the given figure, AB ║CD. If OA = 3x – 19, OB = x – 4,

OC = x – 3 and OD = 4, find x.

9. In the given figure, OB is perpendicular bisector of line

segment DE. FA is perpendicular to OB and FE intersects
OB at the point C as shown in figure. Prove that
1 1 2
 
OA OB OC

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