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Chemistry 2025 Madhav 23

The document is a chemistry project report by Madhav Goyal from Delhi Public School Agra, focusing on the components of facewash. It includes an introduction to facewash ingredients, experimental methods to analyze pH, surfactants, glycerin, and natural extracts, along with results and conclusions about the safety and effectiveness of different facewash brands. The project emphasizes the importance of natural extracts and proper pH balance for skin safety.

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30 views16 pages

Chemistry 2025 Madhav 23

The document is a chemistry project report by Madhav Goyal from Delhi Public School Agra, focusing on the components of facewash. It includes an introduction to facewash ingredients, experimental methods to analyze pH, surfactants, glycerin, and natural extracts, along with results and conclusions about the safety and effectiveness of different facewash brands. The project emphasizes the importance of natural extracts and proper pH balance for skin safety.

Uploaded by

rex.senpai481
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL AGRA

(Under the aegis of The Delhi Public School Society,


East of Kailash, New Delhi)

SESSION 2025-26

CHEMISTRY PROJECT REPORT ON


COMPONENTS OF A FACEWASH

Under the guidance of: Submitted by :


Ms. Abha Agarwal Madhav Goyal
Class: XI-A
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Madhav Goyal of class XI-A
of Delhi Public School Agra has completed
his Chemistry project work under my supervision
and has taken proper care and displayed utmost
sincerity in the completion of this project.

His project is up to the standards both in respect


of its contents and form as per CBSE norms and
embodies his original views.

Ms. Abha Agarwal

(PGT CHEMISTRY)

Ms. Meghna Sorick Mr. R.K. Pandey


(IC. Sr. Sec.) (Principal)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to all those
who gave me an opportunity to work on this project. I extend my
heartfelt gratitude to our venerated principal Mr. R.K.Pandey and
our respected IC Senior Secondary Ms. Meghana Sorick for their
undaunted support and encouragement to maintain our progress on
track.

I extend my special thanks to my supervisor Ms. Abha Agarwal


whose sagacious guidance, stimulating suggestions and
encouragement helped me in all time of fabrication process of this
project.

My profound thank goes to my parents and friends for helping and


giving support whenever I needed it in the completion of my project.

Name: Madhav Goyal


Class & Sec: XI-A
INDEX
▪ Introduction
▪ Theory
▪ Appratus Required
▪ Chemical Required
▪ Detection of pH
▪ Test for Surfactants
▪ Test for Glycerin
▪ Test for Natural Extracts
▪ Analysis of Ingredients
▪ Result
▪ Conclusion
▪ Bibliography
Introduction
Facewash is a personal care product used to clean
facial skin by removing oil, dirt, sweat, and makeup. It
plays an essential role in daily hygiene and skin care
routines. Facewashes are formulated with a
combination of natural and chemical ingredients to
provide cleansing, moisturizing, and sometimes
antibacterial or acne-fighting effects.
Most commercial facewashes contain surfactants
(cleansing agents), moisturizers like glycerin, pH
stabilizers, preservatives, fragrances, and natural
extracts like neem or aloe vera. This project
investigates and identifies the major chemical
components in commonly available facewashes and
analyzes their effects and roles.
Different brands use varying combinations of chemical
and natural ingredients. This project aims to:
• Identify key ingredients in a facewash.
• Understand the function of each component.
• Evaluate the benefits and potential side effects.
• Examine if the claims on the label are scientifically
supported.
Theory
Facewash formulations often include the following:
• Surfactants (like Sodium Lauryl Sulfate) break down
oil and dirt.
• Glycerin helps to keep the skin moisturized.
• Preservatives (like Parabens) prevent microbial
growth.
• pH stabilizers ensure product safety for facial skin
(ideal skin pH: ~5.5).
• Fragrances and Colorants enhance the sensory
appeal.
• Natural Extracts (Neem, Aloe Vera, etc.) provide
specific skincare benefits.

Chemically, the reactions and behavior of these


components can be observed by using basic detection
tests in the lab such as emulsification for surfactants,
precipitation for glycerin, and pH testing.
Apparatus
▪ Test tube holder
▪ pH paper
▪ Beaker
▪ Droppers
▪ Test tubes
▪ Glass rod
▪ Distilled water
▪ Burner
▪ Funnel
▪ Filter paper
▪ China dish
▪ Water bath
Chemicals Required
▪ Facewash samples (e.g., Himalaya,
Clean & Clear, Ponds, Mamaearth)
▪ Distilled water
▪ Sodium hydroxide
▪ Alcohol
▪ Phenolphthalein
▪ Sulfuric acid
▪ Copper sulfate
▪ Potassium permanganate
OHM’s Law
Experiment:
A small amount of each facewash was diluted with
distilled water in a test tube. pH paper was dipped
in each solution and color change was recorded.

Observation:

Sr. No. Facewash pH Value Inference


brand

1 Himalaya 5.5 Mildly Acidic


Neem
2 Clean & Clear 5 Acidic
3 Ponds 6 Neutral

4 Mama earth 5.8 Skin-Friendly

Inference:

Facewashes are formulated to be slightly acidic to


match the skin’s natural pH and maintain the skin
barrier.
TEST FOR SURFACTANTS (Foam Test)

Experiment

Each facewash was shaken with distilled water


in a test tube to observe foam formation.
Observation Table:

Brand Name Foam Intensity Inference

Himalaya Medium Herbal Surfactants


present
Clean & High Synthetic
Clear Surfactants
peresent
Ponds Low Mild Cleansing
Agent
Mama Earth Medium Natural Surfactants
present
TEST FOR GLYCERIN

Experiment (Copper Sulfate Test):

Add NAOH and CuSO₄ to the facewash solution. A


blue color indicates glycerin.

Observation Table:

Brand Name Observation Inference

Himalaya Blue color Glycerin present

Clean & Clear Blue color Glycerin present

Ponds Light Blue Less Glycerin

Mama Earth Deep Blue More Glycerin


TEST FOR NATURAL EXTRACTS
Experiment:
Color and odor observations along with
ingredient label analysis.

Observations
Brand Name Color/Odour Extracts Found

Himalaya Herbal/Green Neem, Turmeric

Clean & Clear Fruity/Transparent None

Ponds Floral/White Glycerin

Mama Earth Yellow/Sandalwood Turmeric,Saffron


ANALYSIS OF INGREDIENTS & FUNCTIONS

Sodium Lauryl Cleansing ,Foam


Sulphate Formation
Glycerin Moisturizer and
humectant
Aloe Vera Extract Soothing and Hydrating

Neem Extract Anti-Bacterial and Anti-


Acne
Salicylic Acid Exfoliant, Unclogs pores

Parabens Preservatives to prevents


spoilage
Phenoxyethanol Anti-bacterial
preservative
CI 19140 Yellow synthetic color

Limonene Fragrance Agent

Tea tree Oil Antimicrobal , reduces


inflammation
RESULT

▪ All facewashes tested contained surfactants,


moisturizers, and pH-balanced bases.
▪ Natural facewashes (like Himalaya and
Mamaearth) contained additional beneficial
extracts.
▪ Synthetic facewashes (like Clean & Clear) had
stronger surfactants but lacked herbal
benefits.
CONCLUSION

•Products with natural extracts and lower pH are


generally safer for long-term use.
•A balance of surfactants and moisturizing agents
is essential.
•Facewashes are complex mixtures designed for
skin safety and cleanliness.
•Consumers should prefer sulfate-free and
paraben-free products, especially for sensitive
skin.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

▪ www.google.com
▪ ncert.nic.in
▪ www.byjus.com
▪ www.youtube.com
▪ www.wikipedia.com
▪ www.vedantu.com

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