5 A The Arduino board is shown below:

The components of Arduino UNO board are shown below:Let's discuss each
component in detail.
PROGRAM:

BUZZER:

int buzzerPin = 8; //Assign Pin 8 to the

relay control/signal pin void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT); //Setting the Relay pin as an Output Pin
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(buzzerPin, HIGH); //Turn the
relay ON for 1 second delay(1000);
digitalWrite(buzzerPin,LOW); //Turn the
relay OFF for 1 second delay(1000);

LED BLINKING:

void setup() {

pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); // initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as

an output.

void loop() {

digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); // turn the LED on

(HIGH is the voltage level) delay(1000); // wait for a second

digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); // turn the LED off by

making the voltage LOW delay(1000); // wait for a second

}
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
CODE:

#include
"DHT.h"
#define
DHTPIN 2
#define DHTTYPE DHT11 // Other possibilities DHT21,
DHT22 DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
dht.begin();
}
void loop()
{
float temp =
dht.readTemperature(); float
humidity =
dht.readHumidity(); if
(isnan(temp) ||
isnan(humidity))
{
Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT11");
}
else
{
Serial.print("Temperat
ure: ");
Serial.print(temp);
Serial.print(" °C, ");
Serial.print("Humidity
: ");
Serial.print(humidity);
Serial.println(" %");
}
delay(5000);
}
PROGRAM:

#define ledPin 12

int data = 0;

void setup()

pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);

Serial.begin(9600);

void loop()

if (Serial.available() > 0)

data = Serial.read();

if (data == '0')

digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);

Serial.println("LED: OFF");

else if (data == '1')

digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);

Serial.println("LED: ON");

}
PROGRAM :

#include "SoftwareSerial.h"

SoftwareSerial XBee(2, 3);

int BUTTON = 5;

boolean toggle = false; // This variable keeps track of alternative click of the button

void setup()

Serial.begin(9600);

pinMode(BUTTON, INPUT_PULLUP);

XBee.begin(9600);

void loop()

// When button is pressed (GPIO pulled low), send '1'

if (digitalRead(BUTTON) == LOW && toggle)

Serial.println("Turn on LED");

toggle = false;

XBee.write('1');

delay(1000);

// When button is pressed a second time (GPIO pulled low), send '0'

else if (digitalRead(BUTTON) == LOW && !toggle)

Serial.println("Turn off LED");

toggle = true;
 XBee.write('0');

delay(1000);

}
PROGRAM:

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

int led = 6;

int received = 0;

int i;

// For communicating with Zigbee

SoftwareSerial zigbee(2, 3);

void setup()

Serial.begin(9600);

zigbee.begin(9600);

pinMode(led, OUTPUT);

void loop()

// Check if data is received

if (zigbee.available() > 0)

received = zigbee.read();

// If the data is '0', turn off the LED

if (received == '0')

Serial.println("Turning off LED");

digitalWrite(led, LOW);

}
 // If the data is '1', turn on the LED

else if (received == '1')

Serial.println("Turning on LED");

digitalWrite(led, HIGH);

}
Program:

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial mySerial(9, 10);

void setup()

mySerial.begin(9600); // Setting the baud rate of GSM Module

Serial.begin(9600); // Setting the baud rate of Serial Monitor (Arduino)

delay(100);

void loop()

if (Serial.available() > 0)

switch (Serial.read())

case 's':

SendMessage();

break;

case 'd':

DialCall();

break;

if (mySerial.available() > 0)

{
 Serial.write(mySerial.read());

void SendMessage()

mySerial.println("AT+CMGF=1"); // Sets the GSM Module in Text Mode

delay(1000); // Delay of 1000 milliseconds or 1 second

mySerial.println("AT+CMGS=\"+xxxxxxxxxxx\"\r"); // Replace x with mobile number

delay(1000);

mySerial.println("I am SMS from GSM Module"); // The SMS text you want to send

delay(100);

mySerial.println((char)26); // ASCII code of CTRL+Z

delay(1000);

void DialCall()

mySerial.println("ATD+xxxxxxxxxxxx;"); // ATDxxxxxxxxxx; -- watch out here for semicolon at the

end!!

delay(100);

}
PIN DIAGRAM:
PROGRAM ;

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO

import time

# Set the GPIO mode to BCM

GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)

# Set the GPIO pin to an output

LED_PIN = 17

GPIO.setup(LED_PIN, GPIO.OUT)

try:

while True:

# Turn the LED on

GPIO.output(LED_PIN, GPIO.HIGH)

time.sleep(1) # 1 second delay

# Turn the LED off

GPIO.output(LED_PIN, GPIO.LOW)

time.sleep(1) # 1 second delay

except KeyboardInterrupt:

GPIO.cleanup() # Clean up GPIO settings on keyboard interrupt

PROGRAM :

import time
import board
import adafruit_dht

# Initialize the DHT11 sensor on GPIO4 (Raspberry Pi 4 - gpio4)

dhtDevice = adafruit_dht.DHT11(board.D4, use_pulseio=False)

while True:
try:
# Read the temperature and humidity from the sensor
temperature_c = dhtDevice.temperature
temperature_f = temperature_c * (9 / 5) + 32
humidity = dhtDevice.humidity

# Print the values to the serial port

print("Temp: {:.1f} F / {:.1f} C Humidity: {}% ".format(temperature_f, temperature_c, humidity))

except RuntimeError as error:

# Errors happen fairly often, DHT's are hard to read, just keep going
print(error.args[0])
time.sleep(2.0)
continue

except Exception as error:

# Handle other exceptions and clean up
dhtDevice.exit()
raise error

time.sleep(2.0)

OUTPUT :
 PROGRAM FOR IR SENSOR:
import RPi.GPIO as gpio

from time import sleep

# Set up the GPIO mode to BOARD (physical pin numbering)

gpio.setmode(gpio.BOARD)

# Set GPIO pin 36 (Raspberry Pi 4 - GPIO16) as an input

gpio.setup(36, gpio.IN)

while True:

# Read the sensor input

sensor = gpio.input(36)

if sensor == 1:

print("Not detected")

sleep(0.1)

elif sensor == 0:

print("Detected")

OUTPUT :
Arduino Program:

int led = 13;

void setup()

pinMode(led, OUTPUT);

Serial.begin(9600); // Default baud rate for Bluetooth: 38400

void loop()

if (Serial.available())

int a = Serial.parseInt();

Serial.println(a);

if (a == 1)

digitalWrite(led, HIGH);

if (a == 0)

digitalWrite(led, LOW);

}
}

Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Program:

import serial

import time

bluetooth = serial.Serial("/dev/rfcomm7", 9600)

while True:

a = input("Enter: ")

string = 'X{0}'.format(a)

bluetooth.write(string.encode("utf-8"))
Program :

import httplib

import urllib

import time

key = "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" # Put your API Key here

def thermometer():

while True:

# Calculate CPU temperature of Raspberry Pi in Degrees C

temp = int(open('/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp').read()) / 1e3 # Get Raspberry Pi

CPU temperature

params = urllib.urlencode({'field1': temp, 'key': key})

headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Accept": "text/plain"}

conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("api.thingspeak.com:80")

try:

conn.request("POST", "/update", params, headers)

response = conn.getresponse()

print temp

print response.status, response.reason

data = response.read()

conn.close()

except:

print("Connection failed")

break

if __name__ == "__main__":

while True:
 thermometer()

output