Exercise 3.

9
Page No 3.92:
Question 1: A father is three times as old as his son. After twelve years,
his age will be twice as that of his son then. Find their present ages.
ANSWER:
Let the present age of father be x years and the present age of son
be y years.

T IO S
Father is three times as old as his son. Thus, we have

I
NO A D
𝑥 = 3𝑦

CO N
A
⇒ 𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 0

PY
After 12 years, father’s age will be (𝑥 + 12) years and son’s age will be
DO U A

(𝑦 + 12) years. Thus using the given information, we have

𝑥 + 12 = 2(𝑦 + 12)
⇒ 𝑥 + 12 = 2𝑦 + 24
C
©

⇒ 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 12 = 0
So, we have two equations
𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 0
𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 12 = 0
Here x and y are unknowns. We have to solve the above equations
for x and y.
By using cross-multiplication, we have
𝑥 −𝑦 1
(−3)×(−12)−(−2)×0
= =
1×(−12)−1×0 1×(−2)−1×(−3)
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
36−0 −12−0 −2+3
 𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
36 −12 1
𝑥 𝑦
⇒ = =1
36 12

⇒ 𝑥 = 36, 𝑦 = 12
Hence, the present age of father is 36 years and the present age of son is
12 years.

T IO S
Page No 3.92:

I
Question 2: Ten years later, 𝐴 will be twice as old as B and five years
NO A D
CO N
ago, A was three times as old as B. What are the present ages of A and B?
A
ANSWER:

PY
DO U A

Let the present age of A be x years and the present age of B be y years.
T
ED PR

After 10 years, A’s age will be (𝑥 + 10) years and B’s age will be
(𝑦 + 10) years. Thus using the given information, we have
C

𝑥 + 10 = 2(𝑦 + 10)
©

⇒ 𝑥 + 10 = 2𝑦 + 20
⇒ 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 10 = 0
Before 5 years, the age of A was (𝑥 − 5) years and the age of B was
(𝑦 − 5) years. Thus using the given information, we have
𝑥 − 5 = 3(𝑦 − 5)
⇒ 𝑥 − 5 = 3𝑦 − 15
⇒ 𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 10 = 0
So, we have two equations
𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 10 = 0
𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 10 = 0
Here x and y are unknowns. We have to solve the above equations
for x and y.
By using cross-multiplication, we have
𝑥 −𝑦 1
(−2)×10−(−3)×(−10)
= =
1×10 −1×(−10) 1×(−3)−1×(−2)
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
−20−30 10+10 −3+2

T IO S
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =

I
−50 20 −1

⇒
𝑥
NO A D
=
𝑦
=1

CO N
50 20
A
⇒ 𝑥 = 50, 𝑦 = 20

PY
DO U A
Hence, the present age of A is 50 years and the present age of B is 20
T
ED PR

years.
C

Page No 3.92:
©

Question 3: Five years ago, Nuri was thrice as old as Sonu. Ten years
later, Nuri will be twice as old as Sonu. How old are Nuri and Sonu?
ANSWER:
Let the present age of Nuri be x years and the present age of Sonu
be y years.
After 10 years, Nuri’s age will be (𝑥 + 10) years and the age of Sonu
will be (𝑦 + 10) years. Thus using the given information, we have
𝑥 + 10 = 2(𝑦 + 10)
⇒ 𝑥 + 10 = 2𝑦 + 20
⇒ 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 10 = 0
Before 5 years, the age of Nuri was (𝑥 – 5) years and the age of Sonu
was (𝑦 – 5) years. Thus using the given information, we have
𝑥 − 5 = 3(𝑦 − 5)
⇒ 𝑥 − 5 = 3𝑦 − 15
⇒ 𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 10 = 0
So, we have two equations
𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 10 = 0

T IO S
𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 10 = 0

I
NO A D
Here x and y are unknowns. We have to solve the above equations

CO N
A
for x and y.

PY
DO U A
By using cross-multiplication, we have
𝑥
T −𝑦 1
= =
ED PR

(−2)×10−(−3)×(−10) 1×10−1×(−10) 1×(−3)−1×(−2)

−20−30 10+10 −3+2

𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
−50 20 −1
𝑥 𝑦
⇒ = =1
50 20

⇒ 𝑥 = 50, 𝑦 = 20
Hence, the present age of Nuri is 50 years and the present age of Sonu is
20 years.

Page No 3.92:
Question 4: Six years hence a man's age will be three times the age of his
son and three years ago he was nine times as old as his son. Find their
present ages.
ANSWER:
Let the present age of the man be x years and the present age of his son
be y years.
After 6 years, the man’s age will be (𝑥 + 6) years and son’s age will be
(𝑦 + 6) years. Thus using the given information, we have

T IO S
𝑥 + 6 = 3(𝑦 + 6)

I
NO A D
⇒ 𝑥 + 6 = 3𝑦 + 18

CO N
A
⇒ 𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 12 = 0

PY
DO U A
Before 3 years, the age of the man was (𝑥 − 3) years and the age of
T
son’s was (𝑦 − 3) years. Thus using the given information, we have
ED PR

𝑥 − 3 = 9(𝑦 − 3)
C

⇒ 𝑥 − 3 = 9𝑦 − 27
©

⇒ 𝑥 − 9𝑦 + 24 = 0
So, we have two equations
𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 12 = 0
𝑥 − 9𝑦 + 24 = 0
Here x and y are unknowns. We have to solve the above equations
for x and y.
By using cross-multiplication, we have
𝑥 −𝑦 1
(−3)×24−(−9)×(−12)
= =
1×24−1×(−12) 1×(−9)−1×(−3)
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
−72−108 24+12 −9+3
 𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
−180 36 −6
𝑥 𝑦 1
⇒ = =
180 36 6
180 36
⇒𝑥= ,𝑦 =
6 6

⇒ 𝑥 = 30, 𝑦 = 6
Hence, the present age of the man is 30 years and the present age of son
is 6 years.

T IO S I
NO A D Page No 3.92:

CO N
A
Question 5: Ten years ago, a father was twelve times as old as his son

PY
and ten years hence, he will be twice as old as his son will be then. Find
DO U A

their present ages.

ANSWER:
Let the present age of father be x years and the present age of his son
C

be y years.
©

After 10 years, father’s age will be (𝑥 + 10) years and son’s age will be
(𝑦 + 10) years. Thus using the given information, we have
𝑥 + 10 = 2(𝑦 + 10)
⇒ 𝑥 + 10 = 2𝑦 + 20
⇒ 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 10 = 0
Before 10 years, the age of father was (𝑥 − 10) years and the age of son
was (𝑦 − 10) years. Thus using the given information, we have
𝑥 − 10 = 12(𝑦 − 10)
⇒ 𝑥 − 10 = 12𝑦 − 120
⇒ 𝑥 − 12𝑦 + 110 = 0
So, we have two equations
𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 10 = 0
𝑥 − 12𝑦 + 110 = 0
Here x and y are unknowns. We have to solve the above equations
for x and y.
By using cross-multiplication, we have
𝑥 −𝑦 1
= =

T IO S
(−2)×110−(−12)×(−10) 1×110−1×(−10) 1×(−12)−1×(−2)

I
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
NO A D
−220−120 110+10 −12+2

CO N
A
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
−340 120 −10

PY
DO U A
𝑥 𝑦 1
⇒ = =
340 120 10
T
ED PR

340 120
⇒𝑥= ,𝑦 =
10 10

⇒ 𝑥 = 34, 𝑦 = 12
C
©

Hence, the present age of father is 34 years and the present age of son is
12 years.

Page No 3.92:
Question 6: The present age of a father is three years more than three
times the age of the son. Three years hence father's age will be 10 years
more than twice the age of the son. Determine their present ages.
ANSWER:
Let the present age of father be x years and the present age of his son
be y years.
The present age of father is three years more than three times the age of
the son. Thus, we have
𝑥 = 3𝑦 + 3
⇒ 𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 3 = 0
After 3 years, father’s age will be (𝑥 + 3) years and son’s age will be
(𝑦 + 3) years.
Thus using the given information, we have

T IO S
𝑥 + 3 = 2(𝑦 + 3) + 10

I
NO A D
⇒ 𝑥 + 3 = 2𝑦 + 6 + 10

CO N
A
⇒ 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 13 = 0

PY
DO U A
So, we have two equations
T
𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 3 = 0
ED PR

𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 13 = 0
C

Here x and y are unknowns. We have to solve the above equations

for x and y.
By using cross-multiplication, we have
𝑥 −𝑦 1
(−3)×(−13)−(−2)×(−3)
= =
1×(−13)−1×(−3) 1×(−2)−1×(−3)
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
39−6 −13+3 −2+3
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
33 −10 1
𝑥 𝑦
⇒ = =1
33 10

⇒ 𝑥 = 33, 𝑦 = 10
Hence, the present age of father is 33 years and the present age of son is
10 years.
 Page No 3.92:
Question 7: A father is three times as old as his son. In 12 years’ time,
he will be twice as old as his son. Find the present ages of father and the
son.
ANSWER:
Let the present age of father be x years and the present age of his son

T IO S
be y years.

I
The present age of father is three times the age of the son. Thus, we have
NO A D
CO N
𝑥 = 3𝑦
A
⇒ 𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 0

PY
DO U A

After 12 years, father’s age will be (𝑥 + 12) years and son’s age will be
T
ED PR

(𝑦 + 12) years. Thus using the given information, we have

⇒ 𝑥 + 12 = 2𝑦 + 24
©

⇒ 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 12 = 0
So, we have two equations
𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 0
𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 12 = 0
Here x and y are unknowns. We have to solve the above equations
for x and y.
By using cross-multiplication, we have

𝑥 −𝑦 1
(−3)×(−12)−(−2)×0
= =
1×(−12)−1×0 1×(−2)−1×(−3)
 𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
36−0 −12−0 −2+3
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
36 −12 1
𝑥 𝑦
⇒ = =1
36 12

⇒ 𝑥 = 36, 𝑦 = 12
Hence, the present age of father is 36 years and the present age of son is
12 years.

T IO S I
NO A D Page No 3.92:

CO N
A
Question 8: Father's age is three times the sum of age of his two

PY
children. After 5 years his age will be twice the sum of ages of two
DO U A

children. Find the age of father.

ANSWER:
Let the present age of father be x years and the present ages of his two
C

children’s be y and z years.

The present age of father is three times the sum of the ages of the two
children’s. Thus, we have
𝑥 = 3(𝑦 + 𝑧)
𝑥
⇒𝑦+𝑧 =
3

After 5 years, father’s age will be (𝑥 + 5) years and the children’s age
will be (𝑦 + 5) and (𝑧 + 5) years. Thus using the given information, we
have

𝑥 + 5 = 2{(𝑦 + 5) + (𝑧 + 5)}
⇒ 𝑥 + 5 = 2(𝑦 + 5 + 𝑧 + 5)
⇒ 𝑥 = 2(𝑦 + 𝑧) + 20 − 5
⇒ 𝑥 = 2(𝑦 + 𝑧) + 15
So, we have two equations
𝑥
𝑦+𝑧 =
3

𝑥 = 2(𝑦 + 𝑧) + 15
Here x, y and z are unknowns. We have to find the value of x.

T IO S
Substituting the value of (𝑦 + 𝑧) from the first equation in the second

I
equation, we have
NO A D
CO N
By using cross-multiplication, we have
A
2𝑥
𝑥= +5

PY
DO U A
3
2𝑥
T
⇒𝑥− = 15
ED PR

3
2
⇒ 𝑥 (1 − ) = 15
3
C

𝑥
©

⇒ = 15
3

⇒ 𝑥 = 15 × 3
⇒ 𝑥 = 45
Hence, the present age of father is 45 years.

Page No 3.92:
Question 9: Two years ago, a father was five times as old as his son. Two
year later, his age will be 8 more than three times the age of the son. Find
the present ages of father and son.
ANSWER:
Let the present age of father be x years and the present age of his son
be y years.
After 2 years, father’s age will be (𝑥 + 2) years and the age of son will
be (𝑦 + 2) years. Thus using the given information, we have

T IO S
𝑥 + 2 = 3(𝑦 + 2) + 8

I
NO A D
⇒ 𝑥 + 2 = 3𝑦 + 6 + 8

CO N
A
⇒ 𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 12 = 0

PY
DO U A
Before 2 years, the age of father was (𝑥 − 2) years and the age of son
T
was (𝑦 − 2) years. Thus using the given information, we have
ED PR

𝑥 − 2 = 5(𝑦 − 2)
C

⇒ 𝑥 − 2 = 5𝑦 − 10
©

⇒ 𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 8 = 0
So, we have two equations
𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 12 = 0
𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 8 = 0
Here x and y are unknowns. We have to solve the above equations
for x and y.
By using cross-multiplication, we have
 𝑥 −𝑦 1
(−3)×8−(−5)×(−12)
= =
1×8−1×(−12) 1×(−5)−1×(−3)
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
−24−60 8+12 −5+3
𝑥 −𝑦 1
⇒ = =
−84 20 −2
𝑥 𝑦 1
⇒ = =
84 20 2
84 20
⇒𝑥= ,𝑦 =
2 2

T IO S
⇒ 𝑥 = 42, 𝑦 = 10

I
NO A D
Hence, the present age of father is 42 years and the present age of son is

CO N
A
10 years.

PY
DO U A
T
Page No 3.92:
ED PR

Question 10: A is elder to B by 2 years. A's father F is twice as old as A

differ by 40 years, find the age of A.

ANSWER:
Let the present ages of A, B, F and S be x, y, z and t years respectively.
A is elder to B by 2 years. Thus, we have 𝑥 = 𝑦 + 2
F is twice as old as A. Thus, we have 𝑧 = 2𝑥
B is twice as old as S. Thus, we have 𝑦 = 2𝑡
The ages of F and S is differing by 40 years. Thus, we have 𝑧 − 𝑡 = 40
So, we have four equations
𝑥 =𝑦+2 …… (1)
𝑧 = 2𝑥 …… (2)
𝑦 = 2𝑡 …… (3)
𝑧 − 𝑡 = 40 …… (4)
Here x, y, z and t are unknowns. We have to find the value of x.
By using the third equation, the first equation becomes 𝑥 = 2𝑦 + 2
From the fourth equation, we have 𝑡 = 𝑧 − 4
Hence, we have
𝑥 = 2(𝑧 − 40) + 2

T IO S I
= 2𝑧 − 80 + 2
NO A D
CO N
= 2𝑧 − 78
A
Using the second equation, we have

PY
DO U A

𝑥 = 2 × 2𝑥 − 78
T
ED PR

⇒ 𝑥 = 4𝑥 − 78
⇒ 4𝑥 − 𝑥 = 78
C
©

⇒ 3𝑥 = 78
78
⇒𝑥=
3

⇒ 𝑥 = 26
Hence, the age of A is 26 years.

Page No 3.92:
Question 11: The ages of two friends Ani and Biju differ by 3 years.
Ani's father Dharma is twice as old as Ani and Biju as twice as old as his
sister Cathy. The ages of Cathy and Dharam differ by 30 years. Find the
ages of Ani and Biju.
ANSWER:
Let the present ages of Ani, Biju, Dharam and Cathy be x, y,
z and t years respectively.
The ages of Ani and Biju differ by 3 years. Thus, we have
𝑥−𝑦 =±3
⇒𝑥 =𝑦±3
Dharam is twice as old as Ani. Thus, we have 𝑧 = 2𝑥

T IO S
Biju is twice as old as Cathy. Thus, we have 𝑦 = 2𝑡

I
NO A D
The ages of Cathy and Dharam differ by 30 years. Clearly, Dharam is

CO N
A
older than Cathy. Thus, we have 𝑧 − 𝑡 = 30

PY
So, we have two systems of simultaneous equations
DO U A
T
(i) 𝑥 = 𝑦 + 3,
ED PR

𝑧 = 2𝑥,
C

𝑦 = 2𝑡,
©

𝑧 − 𝑡 = 30
(ii) 𝑥 = 𝑦 − 3,
𝑧 = 2𝑥,
𝑦 = 2𝑡,
𝑧 − 𝑦 = 30
Here x, y, z and t are unknowns. We have to find the value of x and y.
(i) By using the third equation, the first equation becomes 𝑥 = 2𝑡 + 3
From the fourth equation, we have
𝑡 = 𝑧 − 30
Hence, we have
𝑥 = 2(𝑧 − 30) + 3
= 2𝑧 − 60 + 3
= 2𝑧 − 57
Using the second equation, we have
𝑥 = 2 × 2𝑥 − 57

T IO S
⇒ 𝑥 = 4𝑥 − 57

I
⇒ 4𝑥 − 𝑥 = 57
NO A D
CO N
⇒ 3𝑥 = 57
A
57
⇒𝑥=

PY
DO U A
3
T
⇒ 𝑥 = 19
ED PR

From the first equation, we have

𝑥 =𝑦+3
©

⇒𝑦 =𝑥−3
⇒ 𝑦 = 19 − 3
⇒ 𝑦 = 16
Hence, the age of Ani is 19 years and the age of Biju is 16 years.
(ii) By using the third equation, the first equation becomes 𝑥 = 2𝑡 − 3
From the fourth equation, we have
𝑡 = 𝑧 − 30
Hence, we have
𝑥 = 2(𝑧 − 30) − 3
= 2𝑧 − 60 − 3
= 2𝑧 − 63
Using the second equation, we have
𝑥 = 2 × 2𝑥 − 63
⇒ 𝑥 = 4𝑥 − 63
⇒ 4𝑥 − 𝑥 = 63
⇒ 3𝑥 = 63
63

T IO S
⇒𝑥=
3

I
⇒ 𝑥 = 21
NO A D
CO N
A
From the first equation, we have

PY
𝑥 =𝑦−3
DO U A
T
⇒𝑦 =𝑥+3
ED PR

⇒ 𝑦 = 21 + 3
C

⇒ 𝑦 = 24
©

Hence, the age of Ani is 21 years and the age of Biju is 24 years.
Note that there are two possibilities.

Page No 3.92:
Question 12: Two years ago, Salim was thrice as old as his daughter
and six years later, he will be four years older than twice her age. How
old are they now?
ANSWER:
Let the present ages of Salim be x years and that of her daughter
be y years.
Two years ago, the age of Salim was (x − 2) years and that of her
daughter was (y − 2).
It is given that Salim was thrice as old as her daughter two years ago. So,
x − 2 = 3(y − 2)
⇒ x − 2 = 3y − 6
⇒ x − 3y = −4 .....(i)
Six years later, the age of Salim will be (x + 6) and that of her daughter
will be (y + 6).
∴ x + 6 = 2(y + 6) + 4
⇒ x − 2y = 10 .....(ii)

T IO S
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get

I
−y = −14
NO A D
⇒ y = 14

CO N
A
Putting y = 14 in (ii), we get

PY
x − 28 = 10
DO U A

⇒ x = 38
T
ED PR

Hence, the present age of Salim is 38 years and that of her daughter is 14
years.
C
©

Page No 3.92:
Question 13: The age of the father is twice the sum of the ages of his
two children. After 20 years, his age will be equal to the sum of the ages
of his children. Find the age of the father.
ANSWER:
Let the present age of the father be x years and the sum of the present
ages of his two children be y years.
Now according to the given conditions,
Case I: x = 2y
⇒ x − 2y = 0 .....(i)
Case II: After 20 years, the age of the father will be (x + 20) years and
the sum of the ages of the two children will be y + 20 + 20 = (y + 40)
years.
So, x + 20 = y + 40
⇒ x − y = 20 .....(ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get
− y = −20
⇒ y = 20
Putting y = 20 in (i), we get
x − 40 = 0
⇒ x = 40

T IO S
Hence, the present age of the father is 40 years.

I
NO A D
CO N
A

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR
C
©