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This document provides lesson notes for Junior Secondary School 1 on marking out and measuring tools used in metal work. It details various hand tools, including their definitions and uses, such as surface plates, scribers, and calipers. The document also includes evaluation questions and assignments related to the lesson content.

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5 views

https___lessonotes.com_v1_junior-secondary-school-1_lesson-notes

This document provides lesson notes for Junior Secondary School 1 on marking out and measuring tools used in metal work. It details various hand tools, including their definitions and uses, such as surface plates, scribers, and calipers. The document also includes evaluation questions and assignments related to the lesson content.

Uploaded by

Abba Muhammed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term -


Junior Secondary School 1
METAL WORK- HAND TOOL-Marking out and measuring tools

Home / Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term / Junior Secondary School 1


/ METAL WORK- HAND TOOL-Marking out and measuring tools

SUBJECT: BASIC TECHNOLOGY

CLASS: JSS1

DATE:

TERM: 3RD TERM

REFERENCE MATERIALS

MELROSE, Basic Science and Technology Book 1


NERDC, Basic Technology for JSS, Book 1

WEEK FOUR

TOPIC: METAL WORK- HAND TOOL-Marking out and measuring tools

Metal is one of the materials used in technology for construction and


fabrication of devices. Metal as a material can be fabricated into various
shapes and products. However, to be able to do that, you need
appropriate tools. These tools are either hand tools or machine tools.

MARKING OUT TOOLS:

Marking out tools are hand tools used for making lines on metal surfaces,
checking alignment, and indicating points or positions on a work piece.

Tools for making out in the workshop include:

1. Surface plate
2. Surface table
3. Scriber
4. Odd-leg caliper
5. Divider
6. Punches
7. Try square
8. Box Square

Surface plate

The surface plate is a precision piece of equipment with a flat surface of


high-grade finish, on which work piece are placed for marking out. It is
also used for testing the flatness of surfaces.

Care of surface

1. Cover the surface after use to keep it free from dirt


2. Do not hammer it.
3. Do not scratch or deform the surface

Surface table
The surface or marking out table is larger than the surface plate. It is
used for supporting bigger work piece, so that marking out can be
carried out with ease and accuracy. It is made up of cats iron and has a
high grade surface.

Scriber

The scriber is the metal worker’s pencil. It is used for marking out lines by
hand and together with straight edges like steel rules, try squares or box
rules. It is made from high carbon steel or stainless steel, hardened and
tempered. They are of various sizes.

Divider

Dividers are two-legged steel instrument used for scribing arcs, curves
and for setting off distances. Dividers are available in various sizes, and
may be available in various sizes, and maybe spring-loaded with a fine
adjusting screw or may be firmly joined at the head.

Punches

This is either a medium or high carbon steel material. We have dot punch
and the centre punch.

Dot Punch: This is used for denting scribed lines. This is done some
space apart; to make the lines indelible while one is working. It is 600 at
its conical end.

Centre Punch: It is used for providing a heavy conical dent at the end
point where a hole will be drilled in a work piece. This prevents the drill
from deviating from the current location of the hole. It is 900 at its conical
end.

Try square: The try square is used for testing the squareness of surface,
and marking out lines at right angles to given edges. It is a high precision
tool that should be handled with care. The stock and the blade, which are
the main parts, make 900 with each other

Box Square: The box square is used for the making parallel lines on a
round bar, It is made from medium carbon steel (hardened and
tempered) and has graduations on its body to facilitate marking off
dimensions, while marking out

Evaluation

1. Define marking out tools


2. State 8 marking out tools and their uses.

MEASURING TOOLS

Measuring tools are tools of measuring lengths, widths, thicknesses, or


sizes of metals. Measuring is usually done during marking out.

Common measuring tools include the following:

1. Steel rule
2. Caliper
3. Combinations sets
4. Micrometer
5. Vernier Caliper
6. Depth gauge
7. Height gauge
Steel rule

The steel rule is made of carbon steel or stainless steel. It is graduated in


millimeters and centimeters. To take a measurement with it, the steel
rule should be placed on its edge to touch the work, so that an accurate
reading can be taken from the centre of the division lines.

Caliper

Calipers are used for measuring diameters, width, and thickness of


objects.

We have:

1. External Caliper: It is used for measuring diameters, width, and thickness


from the outside of the objects.
2. Internal Caliper: It is used for measuring diameters, width, and thickness
from the inside of the objects.
3. Odd-leg Caliper: It is used for measuring diameters, width, and thickness
from the middle of the objects to the outside.

Combinations sets

The combination set, as the name implies, is a measuring instrument,


which consists of three heads:

1. The centre square: It is used to determine the centre of round shafts or


holes
2. The square head: It is used for measuring and setting out 900 and 450
angular surfaces. It is a standard tool, which require no setting.
3. The protractor head: It performs dual functions as (i) marking out tool
and (ii) measuring tool. It is a semicircular precision tool for measuring
angular surfaces. It is graduated between 00 and 1800.
Micrometer

It is used for taking precision measurements. We have both internal and


external micrometer, which are used for measuring diameter of small
objects in millimeter.

Vernier Caliper

It is used for both external and internal precision (accurate)


measurements of objects in centimeter.

Depth gauge

It is used for measuring the depth of holes similar to that of an outside


micrometer.

Height gauge

It is used to perform two functions namely:

1. To determine the height of components.


2. To mark out dimensions.

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. Define measuring tools


2. State 5 measuring tools and their uses.
3. Define marking out tools
4. State 8 marking out tools and their uses.
READING ASSIGNMENT

Read about MORE ON HAND TOOLS.

REFERENCE MATERIALS

NERDC- BASIC TECHNOLOGY BOOK 1, page

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Which of the following is not a material used in technology? (a) Metal and
Wood (b) Plastic and Rubber (c) Ceramic (d) Internet
2. The following are marking out tools except ___(a) surface plate (b) scriber
(c) hammer (d) try square
3. The following are measuring tools except ___(a) steel rule (b) scriber (c)
caliper (d) micrometer
4. Which of the following is the metal worker’s pencil (a) surface plate (b)
scriber (c) hammer (d) try square
5. Which of the following is used to determine the centre of round shafts
and holes (a) try square (b) centre square (c) set square (d) diameter
square

THEORY

1. Define the following hand tools (i) marking out tools (ii) measuring tools
2. State (i) 8 marking out tools (ii) 5 measuring tools

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