BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT

Mercury /Aneroid /Digital

USER MANUAL
1. Introduction
Blood Pressure Measurement System is combination of three measurement
techniques in one single unit.

The unit is provided with Mercury Type (sphygmomanometer), Aneroid type

(dial type) and Digital type.

In MERCURY type measurement input is connected to the Cuff and output is

connecting to mercury column. The output on mercury level meter & Sound is
detected by stethoscope.

In DIAL type measurement their input is connected to the Cuff and output is
connecting to Dial. The output on Dial pressure meter & Sound is detected by
stethoscope.

A sphygmomanometer or blood pressure meter (also referred to as a

sphygmomanometer) is a device used to measure blood pressure, composed of an
inflatable cuff to restrict blood flow, and a mercury or mechanical manometer to
measure the pressure. It is always used in conjunction with a means to determine at
what pressure blood flow is just starting, and at what pressure it is unimpeded.
Manual sphygmomanometers are used in conjunction with a stethoscope.

In DIGITAL type measurement there is input & output from cuff. The output
can be seen on digital display directly.

In digital measurement there is use of oscillometric method for the Blood

Pressure Measurement. Oscillometric method, in this method blood movement
detected through brachial artery & converts the movements into Digital. For this
type of measurement no need of stethoscope, so this monitoring & taking reading is
very simple.
2. Before Taking a Measurement

To ensure a reliable reading follow these recommendations:

1. Avoid eating, drinking alcohol, smoking, exercising, and bathing for 30 minutes
before taking a measurement. Before taking the measurement take at least 15
minutes rest.

2. Avoid taking measurements during stressful times. Stress raises blood pressure.

3. Measurements should be taken in a quiet place.

4. Remove tight-fitting clothing from your left arm.

5. Sit on a chair with your feet flat on the floor. Rest your left arm on table so that the
cuff is at the same level as your heart.

6. Remain still and do not talk during the measurement.

7. Wait 2-3 minutes between measurements.

8. Keep a record of your blood pressure and pulse readings. A single measurement
does not provide an accurate indication of your true blood pressure. You need to
take and record several readings over a period of time.

Note: - In manual some terms are for study & reference only. Also it is not possible to
fulfill all conditions in a lab as in a hospital like Patient, Saline, all signals, Blood,
Placements of Electrodes, Ground, etc., assume these conditions or use simulator
where every necessary.
3. Applying the Cuff
Applying the Cuff on the Left Arm

1. Make sure the air plug is securely inserted in the main unit.

Output

Input

Sphygmomanometer

Dial
Input

Digital
Output

2. Remove tight-fitting clothing from your upper arm.

3. Apply the cuff to your left upper arm so the arrow is centered on the inside of your
arm and aligned with your middle finger. The air tube runs down the inside of your
arm. The bottom of the cuff should be approximately 1/2" above your elbow.
6 Block Diagram

Block Diagram of Digital Blood pressure

7 Accessories
Sr. No. Particular Qty Details
1. Adult Arm Cuff 3 with Pipe
2. Mains Cord : 1 Three pin with Socket
3. Stethoscope : 1
4. Sphygmomanometer : 1
5. Operating Manual : 1 A4 Size Manual

Note: Take care of Electrodes & wire; there is no guaranty & warranty of electrodes.
8. Technical Specification

Sphygmomanometer

1. Hg Scale : 0 to 300mmHg
2. Mercury : 99.99% Purity
3. Valve : lock & Release Valve

Aneroid (Dial)

1. Hg Scale : 0 to 300mmHg
2. Valve : lock & Release Valve

Digital

1. Power Supply : 230 Volt, 50Hz.

2. Measurement Method : Oscillometric
3. Measurement Range : Pressure 20~280mmHg
Pulse 40180 Beats / Minute
4. Pressure Sensor : Semi Conductor
5. Accuracy : Pressure±3mmHg
Pulse ±5% of reading
6. Inflation : Pump Driven
7. Deflation : Automatic Air Release Valve
8. Operation Environment : Temperature 10~ 40⁰C
Humidity 40~85%RH
9. Arm Circumference : Adult 24~36cm
10. Display : LCD
11. Dimensions : 250 X 60 X 250 mm. +

* Specification is subject to change without prior notice

9. Operating Instruction

Panel Controls

Front Panel

1. Mains Switch : It is a toggle switch, Provided to make the

System ON and OFF.
2. LCD display : Digital Blood pressure output
3. Dial : Aneroid Type Blood Pressure Measurement

Right Panel

1. Input : Input from Rubber Bulb.

2. Output : Output to mercury Meter

Lift Panel

1. Input : Input for Dial from Cuff

2. Output& Input : Input& Output to Digital Cuff

Rear Panel

1. Mains Socket : This is provided for Connect the Mains Cord.

500 mA Fuse, Protect the Instrument
from short circuit or any similar faults.
10. Installation Procedure

Fig. Front View

Mercury Type Blood Pressure Measurement

Sphygmomanometer

Fig. Arrangement of Blood pressure measurements using sphygmomanometer

If you have hypertension (also called high blood pressure), it's important to
check your blood pressure regularly. Unfortunately, though, many people have "lab
coat syndrome," (AKA "white coat hypertension") meaning that their blood pressure
skyrockets when approached by a medical professional wearing a dreaded
stethoscope. Taking readings at home (and/or at work) will allow you to estimate your
average blood pressure measurements in day-to-day, real-life situations. While there
are many digital blood pressure units on the market, the cheapest -- and arguably,
most reliable -- instrument is the sphygmomanometer, or "manual kit," which is very
similar to the unit your doctor uses.
 Sit down at a table or desk where you can easily
rest your arm so that when you bend your elbow, your
elbow is parallel to your heart. (Some experts recommend
you use your left arm; others suggest you test both arms.
But while you're first adjusting to self-testing, use the left
arm if you're right-handed, or vice versa.)

Wrap the cuff around your upper arm (upper middle arm), slipping the top part
of the cuff through the metal bar that's attached to the cuff. If your shirt has long
sleeves, roll them up first. You can put the cuff over very thin clothing. Most cuffs
have Velcro, making it easy to keep the cuff in place.

Make sure the cuff is snug, but not too tight -- if

you cut off your circulation and become agitated, you're
going to get an alarming blood pressure reading

Gently put the earpieces of the stethoscope in your ears. They should feel
comfortable in your ears. If not, try holding the stethoscope
out in front of you and slightly shifting the earpieces away
from you.

Place the wide head of the stethoscope (the

diaphragm) entirely on your skin just above the elbow, on
the inside of your now straightened arm; the brachial artery. Do not hold the head of
the stethoscope with your thumb-your thumb has its own pulse and this will confuse
you while you try to obtain a reading. A good method is to hold the chest piece
between your index and middle fingers with your fingertips in the vertical space
between the diaphragm and bell. You will not normally hear a thumping until you
have begun to inflate the cuff. To aid in finding this you can press two fingers (not
your thumb) to the area where it should be and move around until you feel a pulse.

If the pressure gauge is clipped to the cuff, unclip it and attach the clip to
something sturdy, such as a hardcover book, that you can place on the table so you
can watch it. It's important to keep the gauge anchored and stable. Make sure there is
adequate light and you can see the needle and pressure
markings well before you begin to test.

Take the rubber bulb and tighten the valve at the

base. Be sure to turn the valve all the way clockwise to
shut it off so that air doesn't escape when you pump. Do
not over-tighten the valve. This is key, doing so will not
allow you to release air from the cuff slowly enough at first. This is because you will
twist it open too far and let out air too fast due to the force needed to open it. Only
turn the valve closed until you feel it stop.
 Pump the bulb using slow but very steady pressure until the needle on the
gauge is at about 20-30 points above your usual systolic (top) number. Now, gently
turn the bulb's valve counter-clockwise slightly so that air is released slowly and
steadily. Doing this yourself as you listen is a little tricky; you should release the
valve with the hand on your cuff arm and hold the stethoscope with your free arm.
The needle should ideally be moving down at a rate of two marks per second for
accuracy.

As you watch the needle fall back down the gauge,

listen for a thumping sound (The clinical name for this is
"Korotkoff sounds"). Keep your eyes on the gauge -- when
you first hear thumping, you have your systolic number,
which represents the greatest amount of pressure exerted on
the artery walls as your heart pumps blood.

Keep watching the gauge and listening to the beats. Eventually the hard
thumping sound will turn into a "whooshing" sound (these are called the 4th
Korotkoff sounds). These sounds are helpful to listen to because they tell you that you
are close to your diastolic blood pressure. When the
thumping fades to silence, you have your diastolic (bottom)
number, the lowest amount of pressure.
If you miss the exact measure of either number, it's
perfectly acceptable to pump the cuff back up a little to
catch it. Just don't do it too much (like more than twice)
because that can affect accuracy. Switch to the other arm in that event and start again.

Aneroid Type Blood Pressure Measurement

Fig. Arrangement of Blood pressure measurements using Aneroid type

Following is the process of an aneroid sphygmomanometer.

Step 1
Ask the patient to sit quietly in a chair with his arms at his side. To ensure
accurate measurements, it's best if he hasn't had coffee, anything to eat or engaged in
exercise within the previous hour.
Step 2
Lift the patient's arm, supporting it under your arm by pressing it against the
side of your body. Wrap the Velcro cuff around his arm, around the biceps muscles
and above the elbow joint. It's best to wrap the cuff around the arm without clothing,
but thin shirts or blouses are acceptable as long as they won't interfere with hearing
sounds using a stethoscope. Wrap the cuff tightly enough so that it won't slip down
the arm.

Step 3
Place the head of a stethoscope over the brachial artery and the tips in your
ears. The brachial artery is located on the inside of the arm and crosses the elbow
joint. Hold the head of the stethoscope firmly against the patient's arm using your left
hand. Apply light pressure with your thumb on the head of the stethoscope and the
fingers on the bottom of the elbow.

Step 4
Rapidly inflate the bladder in the cuff, using the rubber bulb with your right
hand, until you completely cut off circulation through the brachial artery. Referring to
the pressure gauge, inflate the cuff to approximately 200mmHg.

Step 5
Deflate the cuff slowly by turning the pressure valve next to the rubber bulb,
counter-clockwise. Continue deflating the cuff, listening for the first set of sounds.
The sounds will make a "whoosing" noise as the blood begins to circulate through the
brachial artery. Note the reading on the pressure gauge.This is the systolic blood
pressure.

Step 6
Continue deflating the pressure cuff until you hear a second set of whoosing
sounds. Note the reading on the pressure gauge. This is the diastolic blood pressure.

Step 7
Record the systolic and diastolic pressure readings in the patient's chart. It's
often a good idea to take more than one set of measurements. If you're taking another
reading, make sure that you allow the cuff to completely deflate between
measurements. For accuracy, you may want to repeat the measurement on the other
arm. There are often significant differences between sides.

Step 8
Take the blood pressure measurement using an automated
sphygmomanometer if you don't have a blood pressure cuff and stethoscope. Follow
the manufacturer's directions.
 Digital Type Blood Pressure Measurement

Fig. Arrangement of Blood pressure measurements using Digital

TAKING A MEASUREMENT

1. Sit on a chair with your feet flat on the floor.

Place your arm on a table so the cuff is level

with your heart. Keep still and do not talk during
measurement.

2. Press the START. The cuff starts to inflate automatically. As the cuff inflates, the
monitor automatically determines your ideal inflation level.
Remain still and do not move your arm until the entire measurement process
is completed.

3. Inflation stops automatically and the measurement is started. As the cuff deflates,
decreasing numbers appear on the display and the Heartbeat Symbol flashes.

4. When the measurement is complete, the arm cuff completely deflates. Your blood
pressure and pulse rate are displayed.

**Important Note: -

This is a biomedical educational Trainer. Signal level in biomedical is very

low. These instrument must be studied before putting the unit into operation. This
manual provides the necessary information for the installation and operation of the
instrument. Make sure that all the connections are proper. Do not short any output of
the instrument. Before connecting input or output, confirm specifications, then
connect input or output to other instruments. Use & connect Instrument as per given
steps. Each & every step is important, if skipped any step there will be no output or
the instrument will not work. Due to wrong connections the instrument might get
damaged. Company will not be held responsible for this type of activity &all the
warranty / replacement of this instrument will be considered void.
11. General Precautions

Safety Information

1. Contact your physician for specific information about your blood

pressure. Self-diagnosis and treatment using measured results may be
dangerous.

2. Read all of the information in the instruction manual and any other literature in the
box before operating the unit.

3. This device is intended for use in measuring blood pressure and pulse rate in the
adult population. Do not use this device on infants or persons who cannot express
their intentions.

4. Operate the device only as intended. Do not use the device for any other purpose.

5. Dispose of the device, components and optional accessories according to

applicable local regulations. Unlawful disposal may cause environmental
pollution.

6. Do not use a cellular phone near the device. It may result in an operational failure.

7. Use only authorized parts and accessories. Parts and accessories not approved for
use with the device may damage the unit.

Care and Maintenance

1. Do not subject the monitor to strong shocks, such as dropping the unit on the floor.
2. Do not submerge any of the components in water.
3. Store the device and the components in a clean, safe location.
4. Changes or modification not approved by the manufacturer will void the user
warranty. Do not disassemble or attempt to repair the unit or components.