Tutorial Sheet 1

Induction Machine

Q.1 A 3φ, 6-pole, 60 Hz, induction motor runs at 1140 rpm and draws 90 kW from the
supply. The core loss and copper losses in the stator is 4.8 kW. The windage and friction
loss is 2.1 kW. Calculate
(a) The air gap power.
(b) The rotor copper loss.
(c) The mechanical power delivered to the load.
(d) The load torque.
(e) The efficiency.

Ans : (a) 85.2 kW; (b) 4.26 kW; (c) 78.84 kW; (d) 660.41 Nm; (e) 87.6%

Q.2 The following test results are obtained for a 3φ, 280 V, 60 Hz, 6.5 A, 500W induction
machine.
Blocked-rotor test: 44 V, 60 Hz, 25 A, 1250W
No-load test: 208 V, 60 Hz, 6.5 A, 500W
The average resistance measured by a DC bridge between two stator terminals is 0.54
Ω.
(a) Determine the no-load rotational loss.
(b) Determine the parameters of the equivalent circuit.

Ans : (a) 465.78 W; (b) 𝑹𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟕Ω, 𝑿𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖𝟑𝟒Ω, 𝑿𝑴 = 𝟏𝟕. 𝟔𝟕Ω, 𝑹′𝒓 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎𝟓𝟑Ω and
𝑿′𝒓 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖𝟑𝟒Ω

Q.3 A 3φ, 208 V, 60 Hz, six-pole induction motor has the following equivalent circuit
parameters:
𝑅𝑠 = 0.075Ω, 𝑅′𝑟 = 0.11Ω, 𝐿𝑠 = 𝐿′𝑟 = 0.25 𝑚𝐻, 𝐿𝑚 = 15 𝑚𝐻

The motor drives a fan. The torque required for the fan varies as the square of the speed
and is given by
𝑇𝑓𝑎𝑛 = 12.7 × 10−3 𝜔𝑚 2

Determine the speed, torque, and power of the fan when the motor is connected to a 3φ,
208 V, 60 Hz supply. Use the approximate equivalent circuit with the shunt branch
shifted to the input side, and neglect rotational losses. For operation at low slip, the
motor torque can be considered proportional to slip.

Ans : 1131.6 rpm, 178.32 N-m, 21.13 kW

Q.4 A 3φ, 25 hp, 460 V, 60 Hz, 1760 rpm, wound-rotor induction motor has the following
equivalent circuit parameters:

𝑅𝑠 = 0.25Ω, 𝑋𝑠 = 1.2Ω, 𝑅′𝑟 = 0.2Ω, 𝑋′𝑟 = 1.1Ω,, 𝑋𝑚 = 35 Ω

The motor is connected to a 3φ, 460 V, 60 Hz, supply.
 (a) Determine the number of poles of the machine.
(b) Determine the starting torque.
(c) Determine the value of the external resistance required in each phase of the rotor
circuit such that the maximum torque occurs at starting. Use Thevenin’s equivalent
circuit.

Ans : (a) 4; (b) 38.31 N-m; (c) 2.11 Ω

Q.5 A small squirrel-cage induction motor has a starting current of six times the full-load
current and a full-load slip of 0.05. Find in pu of full-load values, the current (line) and
starting torque with the following methods of starting ((a) to (d)).
(a) direct switching.
(b) stator-resistance starting with motor current limited to 2 pu,
(c) autotransformer starting with motor current limited to 2 pu, and
(d) star-delta starting.
(e) what autotransformer ratio would give 1 pu starting torque?

Ans : (a) 6 pu and 1.8 pu; (b) 2 pu and 0.2 pu; (c) 0.67 pu and 0.2 pu; (d) 2 pu and 0.6 pu;
(e) 0.745.

Q.6 A 3φ, 460 V, 60 Hz, four-pole double-cage induction motor has the following
equivalent circuit parameters:

𝑅′2 = 4.8Ω, 𝑅′′2 = 1.2Ω, 𝐿′2 = 4.51 𝑚𝐻, 𝐿′′2 = 11.41 𝑚𝐻, 𝐿𝑚 = 134 𝑚𝐻

The stator impedance (R1 and X1) may be neglected. The motor rotates at 95% of
synchronous speed. Determine the torques produced by the inner cage and the outer
cage and the total torque.

Ans : 43.91 N-m, 11.33 N-m and 55.24 N-m.

Q.7 A 3φ, 460 V, 250 hp, eight-pole wound-rotor induction motor controls the speed of a
fan. The torque required for the fan varies as the square of the speed. At full load (250
hp) the motor slip is 0.03 with the slip rings short-circuited. The slip–torque relationship
of the motor can be assumed to be linear from no load to full load. The resistance of
each rotor phase is 0.02 ohms. Determine the value of resistance to be added to each
rotor phase so that the fan runs at 600 rpm.

Ans : 0.45 Ω.
Q.8 The voltage across two slip rings of a stationary star-connected 100 hp, 415 V induction
motor is 273 V with full voltage across stator. If full-load slip is 2%, find the resistance
to be added in series with each slip-ring to reduce the speed by 20%. Assume load
torque to be constant and rotor reactance negligible.

Ans: 0.196 Ω.

Q.9 A 230 V, 20 hp, 60 Hz, 6 pole, 3-phase induction motor driving a constant torque load
at rated frequency, rated voltage and rated horse-power, has a speed of 1175 rpm and
an efficiency of 92.1 %. Determine the new operating speed if a system disturbance
causes 10 % drop in voltage and 6 % drop in frequency. Assume that friction, windage
and stray power losses remain constant.

Ans: 1100.7 rpm.

Q.10 A 3-phase, 440 V, 1000 rpm slip-ring induction motor is operating with 2% slip and
taking a stator current of 50 A. Speed of the motor is reduced at constant torque to 500
rpm using stator voltage control. Calculate the new value of stator current.

Ans: 250 A.

Q.11 A 3φ induction machine is mechanically coupled to a dc shunt machine. The rating and
parameters of the machines are as follows:

Induction machine:

3-φ, 5 kVA, 208 V, 60 Hz, four-pole, 1746 rpm

𝑅𝑠 = 0.25Ω, 𝑋𝑠 = 0.55Ω, 𝑅′𝑟 = 0.35Ω, 𝑋′𝑟 = 1.1Ω,, 𝑋𝑚 = 38 Ω

DC machine:

220 V, 5 kW, 1750 rpm

𝑅𝑎 = 0.4Ω, 𝑅𝑓𝑤 = 100Ω, 𝑅𝑓𝑐 = 100Ω

The induction machine is connected to a 3φ, 208 V, 60 Hz supply, and the dc machine
is connected to a 220 V dc supply. The rotational loss of each machine of the M–G set
may be considered constant at 225 W.

The system rotates at 1890 rpm in the direction of the rotating field of the induction
machine.
(a) Determine the mode of operation of the induction machine.
(b) Determine the current taken by the induction machine.
(c) Determine the real and reactive power at the terminals of the induction machine and
indicate their directions.
(d) Determine the copper loss in the rotor circuit.
(e) Determine the armature current (and its direction) of the dc machine.

Ans: (a) Generator, (b) 17.8 A, (c) -5849.2 W, 2628.7 VAr, (d) 304.34 W, (e) 33.08 A flow
into DC machine.
Q.12 A 3φ, 250 kW, 460 V, 60 Hz, eight-pole induction machine is driven by a wind turbine.
The induction machine has the following parameters:

𝑅𝑠 = 0.015Ω, 𝑅′𝑟 = 0.035Ω, 𝐿𝑠 = 0.385 𝑚𝐻, 𝐿′𝑟 = 0.358 𝑚𝐻, 𝐿𝑚 = 17.24 𝑚𝐻

The induction machine is connected to a 460 V infinite bus through a feeder having a
resistance of 0.01 Ω and an inductance of 0.08 mH. The wind turbine drives the
induction machine at a slip of −25%.

(a) Determine the speed of the wind turbine.

(b) Determine the voltage at the terminals of the induction machine.
(c) Determine the power delivered to the infinite bus and the power factor.
(d) Determine the efficiency of the system. Assume the rotational and core losses to be
3 kW.

Ans: (a) 922.5 rpm; (b) 265 V; (c) 138.6 kW; (d) 93.72%.

Q.13 The speed of a 3φ, 5 hp, 208 V, 60 Hz, four-pole induction motor is controlled by a
voltage source inverter. The phase voltage has the following component voltages:

Fundamental voltage, rms=100 V.

Fifth harmonic voltage, rms=15 V.
Seventh harmonic voltage, rms=10 V.

The parameters of the single-phase equivalent circuit of the induction machine at

fundamental frequency (60 Hz) are as follow:

𝑅𝑠 = 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑙𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒, 𝑋𝑠 = 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑙𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒, 𝑅′𝑟 = 0.5Ω, 𝑋′𝑟 = 1Ω,, 𝑋𝑚 = 35 Ω

The induction motor is loaded, and it rotates at 1710 rpm.

(a) Determine the torque produced by the fundamental voltage.

(b) Determine the torque produced by the fifth harmonic voltage.
(c) Determine the torque produced by the seventh harmonic voltage.

Ans: (a) 15.757 N-m; (b) −0.01195 N-m; (c) 0.002666 N-m.

Q.14 The following test data are obtained from a 1=4 hp, 1φ, 120 V, 60 Hz, 1730 rpm
induction motor.

Stator winding (main) resistance = 2.9 ohms

Blocked rotor (standstill) test: The rotor is prevented from rotating,

𝑉 = 43 𝑉, 𝐼 = 5 𝐴, 𝑃 = 140 𝑊

No-load test: Motor is running freely,

𝑉 = 120 𝑉, 𝐼 = 3.5 𝐴, 𝑃 = 125 𝑊

(a) Obtain the double revolving field equivalent circuit for the motor.
 (b) Determine the rotational loss.

Ans: (a) 𝑹𝒔 = 𝟐. 𝟗 Ω, 𝑿𝒔 = 𝟑. 𝟐𝟔 Ω, 𝑹′𝒓 = 𝟐. 𝟕Ω, 𝑿′𝒓 = 𝟑. 𝟐𝟔 Ω,, 𝑿𝒎 = 𝟓𝟓. 𝟕𝟐 Ω; (b) 72.94

W.

Q.15 A 1φ, 1⁄4 hp, 115 V, 1725 rpm, 60 Hz, four-pole, capacitor-start induction motor has
the following equivalent circuit parameters for the main winding:

𝑅𝑠 = 2.2Ω, 𝑋𝑠 = 2.5Ω, 𝑅′𝑟 = 3.5Ω, 𝑋′𝑟 = 2.5Ω,, 𝑋𝑚 = 60 Ω

The core loss at 115V is 20 W, and the friction and windage loss is 15 W. The motor is
connected to a 115 V, 60 Hz supply and runs at a slip of 0.04. While running, the starting
winding remains disconnected. Determine the speed, input current, power factor, input
power, developed torque, output power, efficiency, and rotor copper loss.

Ans: 1728 rpm, 3.937 A, 0.5736 lagging, 260 W, 1.0523 N-m, 155.42 W, 60%, 33.42 W