Exam Paper

Test / Exam Name: Class 10 Standard: 10th Subject: Science

Student Name: Section: Roll No.:
Questions: 60 Time: 01:00 hh:mm Marks: 301

Q1. Study the data given below showing the focal length of three concave mirrors A, B and C and the respective distances of objects 6 Marks
placed in front of the mirrors:
Case Mirror Focal Length(cm) Object Distance(cm)
1 A 20 45
2 B 15 30
3 C 30 20

1. In which one of the above cases the mirror will form a diminished image of the object? Justify your answer.
2. List two properties of the image formed in case 2.
3. What is the nature and size of the image formed by mirror C? Draw ray diagram to justify your answer.
OR
3. An object is placed at a distance of 18cm from the pole of a concave mirror of focal length 12cm. Find the position of the
image formed in this case.
Q2. 1. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image by a convex lens when an object is placed in front of the lens between 5 Marks
its optical centre and principal focus.
2. In the above ray diagram mark the object-distance (u) and the image-distance (v) with their proper signs (+ve or – ve as per
the new Cartesian sign convention) and state how these distances are related to the focal length (f) of the convex lens in
this case.
3. Find the power of a convex lens which forms a real, and inverted image of magnification –1 of an object placed at a
distance of 20 cm from its optical centre.
Q3. What is atmospheric refraction? Use this phenomenon to explain the following natural events. 5 Marks
1. Twinkling of stars.
2. Advanced sun-rise and delayed sun-set.
Draw diagrams to illustrate your answers.
Q4. Suppose you have three concave mirrors A, B and C of focal lengths 10cm, 15cm and 20cm. For each concave mirror, you 5 Marks
perform the experiment of image formation for three values of object distance of 10cm, 20cm and 30cm.
Giving reason answer the following:
1. For the three object distances, identify the mirror/mirrors which will form an image of magnification - 1.
2. Out of the three mirrors identify the mirror which would be preferred to be used for shaving purposes/ makeup.
3. For the mirror B draw, ray diagram for image formation for object distances 10cm and 20cm.
Q5. 1. List four characteristics of the images formed by plane mirrors. 5 Marks
2. A 5cm tall object is placed at a distance of 20cm from a concave mirror of focal length 30cm. Use mirror formula to
determine the position and size of the image formed.
Q6. Analyse the following observation table showing variation of image-distance (v) with object-distance (u) in case of a convex lens 5 Marks
and answer the questions that follow without doing any calculations:
Object-Distance Image-Distance
S.No.
u (cm) v (cm)
1. -100 +25
2. -60 +30
3. -40 +40
4. -30 +60
5. -25 +100
6. -15 +120

1. What is the focal length of the convex lens? Give reason to justify your answer.
2. Write the serial number of the observation which is not correct. On what basis have you arrived at this conclusion?
3. Select an appropriate scale and draw a ray diagram for the observation at S.No.2. Also, find the approximate value of
magnification.
Q7. At what distance from a concave lens of focal length 20 cm a 6 cm tall object be placed so as to obtain its image at 15 cm from 5 Marks
the lens? Also, calculate the size of the image formed.
Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer for the above situation and label it.
Q8. 1. A student suffering from myopia is not able to see distinctly the objects placed beyond 5 m. List two possible reasons due 5 Marks
to which this defect of vision may have arisen. With the help of ray diagrams, explain.
1. Why the student is unable to see distinctly the objects placed beyond 5 m from his eyes.
2. The type of the corrective lens used to restore proper vision and how this defect is corrected by the use of this lens.
2. If, in this case, the numerical value of the focal length of the corrective lens is 5 m, find the power of the lens as per the
new Cartesian sign convention.
Q9. A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on the walls of school laboratory by using a lens: 5 Marks
1. Which type of lens should he use and why?
2. At what distance in terms of focal length ‘f’ of the lens should he place the candle flame so as to get.
1. A magnified.
2. A diminished image respectively on the wall?
3. Draw ray diagram to show the formation of the image each case.
Q10. A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on the walls of the school laboratory by using a mirror. 5 Marks
1. Which type of mirror should he use and why?
2. At what distance, in terms of focal length 'f' of the mirror, should he place the candle flame to get the magnified image on
the wall?
3. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image in this case.
4. Can he use this mirror to project a diminished image of the candle flame on the same wall? State 'how' if your answer is
'yes' and 'why not' if your answer is 'no.'
Q11. 1. If the image formed by a mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always diminished, erect and virtual, 5 Marks
state the type of the mirror and also draw a ray diagram to justify your answer. Write one use such mirrors are put to and
why.
2. Define the radius of curvature of spherical mirrors. Find the nature and focal length of a spherical mirror whose radius of
curvature is + 24 cm.
Q12. 1. What is dispersion of white light? Stae its cause. 5 Marks
2. “Rainbow is an example of dispersion of sunlight.” Justify this statement by explaining, with the help of a labelled diagram,
the formation of a rainbow in the sky. List two essential conditions for observing a rainbow.
Q13. 1. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image by a convex lens when an object is placed in front of the lens between 5 Marks
its optical centre and principal focus.
2. In the above ray diagram mark the object-distance (u) and the image-distance (v) with their proper signs (+ve or – ve as per
the new Cartesian sign convention) and state how these distances are related to the focal length (f) of the convex lens in
this case.
3. Find the power of a convex lens which forms a real, and inverted image of magnification -1 of an object placed at a
distance of 20cm from its optical centre.
Q14. 1. Define the following terms in the context of spherical mirrors: 5 Marks
1. Pole.
2. Centre of curvature.
3. Radius of curvature.
4. Principal axis.
2. Draw ray diagrams to show the principal focus of (i) a concave mirror, and (ii) a convex mirror.
3. In the following diagram, MM' is a concave mirror and AB is an object. Draw on your answer-sheet a ray diagram to show
the formation of image of this object.

Q15. 1. List four characteristics of the image formed by a convex lens when an object is placed between its optical centre and 5 Marks
principal focus.
2. Size of the image of an object by a concave lens of focal length 20cm is observed to be reduced to rd of its size. Find the
1

distance of the object from the lens.

Q16. "A convex lens can form a magnified erect as well as magnified inverted image of an object placed in front of it." Draw ray 5 Marks
diagram to justify this statement stating the position of the object with respect to the lens in each case.
 An object of height 4 cm is placed at a distance of 20 cm from a concave lens of focal length 10 cm. Use lens formula to
determine the position of the image formed.
Q17. Analyse the following observation table showing variation of image-distance (v) with object-distance (u) in case of a convex lens 5 Marks
and answer the questions that follow without doing any calculations:
Object-Distance Image-Distance
S. No.
u (cm) v (cm)
1. -60 +12
2. -30 +15
3. -20 +20
4. -15 +30
5. -12 +60
6. -9 +90

1. What is the focal length of the convex lens? State reason for your answer.
2. For what object-distance (u) is the corresponding image-distance (v) not correct? How did you arrive at this conclusion?
3. Choose an appropriate scale to draw a ray diagram for the observation at S. No. 4 and find the approximate value of
magnification.
Q18. One half of a convex lens of focal length 10cm is covered with a black paper. Can such a lens produce an image of a complete 5 Marks
object placed at a distance of 30cm from the lens? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer.
A 4cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20cm. The distance of the object
from the lens is 15cm. Find the nature, position and size of the image.
Q19. 1. To construct a ray diagram we use two rays which are so chosen that it is easy to know their directions after reflection from 5 Marks
the mirror. List two such rays and state the path of these rays after reflection in case of concave mirrors. Use these two rays
and draw ray diagram to locate the image of an object placed between pole and focus of a concave mirror.
2. A concave mirror produces three times magnified image on a screen. If the object is placed 20 cm in front of the mirror,
how far is the screen from the object?
Q20. One half of a convex lens of focal length 10 cm is covered with a black paper. Can such a lens produce an image of a complete 5 Marks
object placed at a distance of 30 cm from the lens? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer.
A 4 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The distance of the object
from the lens is 15 cm. Find the nature, position and size of the image.
Q21. The image of a candle flame placed at a distance of 30cm from a spherical lens is formed on a screen placed on the other side of 5 Marks
the lens at a distance of 60cm from the optical centre of the lens. Identify the type of lens and calculate its focal length. If the
height of the flame is 3cm, find the height of its image.
Q22. 1. State the laws of refraction of light. Give an expression to relate the absolute refractive index of a medium with speed of 5 Marks
light in vacuum.
2. The refractive indices of water and glass with respect to air are 4/3 and 3/2 respectively. If the speed of light in glass is
, find the speed of light in (i) air, (ii) water.
8 −1
2 × 10 ms

Q23. Suppose you have three concave mirrors A, B and C of focal lengths 10cm, 15cm and 20cm. For each concave mirror, you 5 Marks
perform the experiment of image formation for three values of object distance of 10cm, 20cm and 30cm. Giving reason answer
the following:
1. For the three object distances, identify the mirror/mirrors which will form an image of magnification - 1.
2. Out of the three mirrors identify the mirror which would be preferred to be used for shaving purposes/ makeup.
3. For the mirror B draw, ray diagram for image formation for object distances 10 cm and 20 cm.
Q24. Explain the following terms related to spherical lenses: 5 Marks
1. Centres of curvature.
2. Principal axis.
3. Optical centre.
4. Principal focus.
At what distance from a concave lens of focal length 20 cm, should a 6 cm tall object be placed so that it forms an image at 15
cm from the lens? Also determine the size of the image formed.
Q25. 1. To construct a ray diagram we use two light rays which are so chosen that it is easy to know their directions after reflection 5 Marks
from the mirror. List these two rays and state the path of these rays after reflection. Use these two rays to locate the image
of an object placed between infinity and the centre of curvature of a concave mirror.
2. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image of an object placed between the pole and principal focus of a concave
mirror. How will the nature and size of the image formed change, if the mirror is replaced by a converging lens of same
focal length?
Q26. 1. Explain the following terms related to spherical lenses: 5 Marks
1. Optical centre.
2. Centres of curvature.
3. Principal axis.
4. Aperture.
5. Principal focus.
6. Focal length.
2. A converging lens has focal length of 12 cm. Calculate at what distance should the object be placed from the lens so that it
forms an image at 48 cm on the other side of the lens.
Q27. 1. A 5cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20cm. The distance of the 5 Marks
object from the lens is 30cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image formed.
2. Draw a labelled ray diagram showing object distance, image distance and focal length in the above case.
Q28. It is desired to obtain an erect image of an object, using concave mirror of focal length of 12 cm. 5 Marks
1. What should be the range of distance of an object placed in front of the mirror?
2. Will the image be smaller or larger than the object. Draw ray diagram to show the formation of image in this case.
3. Where will the image of this object be, if it is placed 24 cm in front of the mirror? Draw ray diagram for this situation also
to justify your answer.
Show the positions of pole, principal focus and the centre of curvature in the above ray diagrams.
Q29. What is meant by power of a lens? Define its S.I. unit. 5 Marks
You have two lenses A and B of focal lengths +10 cm and –10 cm respectively. State the nature and power of each lens. Which of
the two lenses will form a virtual and magnified image of an object placed 8 cm from the lens? Draw a ray diagram to justify your
answer.
Q30. An object is placed at a distance of 60cm from a concave lens of focal length 30cm. 5 Marks
1. Use lens formula to find the distance of the image from the lens.
2. List four characteristics of the image (nature, position, size, erect/ inverted) formed by the lens in this case.
3. Draw ray diagram to justify your answer of part (ii).
Q31. 1. State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a medium and write an expression to 5 Marks
relate it with the speed of light in vacuum.
2. The absolute refractive indices of two media 'A' and 'B' are 2.0 and 1.5 respectively. If the speed of light in medium 'B' is
2×108 m/s, calculate the speed of light in:
1. Vacuum,
2. Medium 'A'.
Q32. 1. Define optical centre of a spherical lens. 5 Marks
2. A divergent lens has a focal length of 20cm. At what distance should an object of height 4cm from the optical centre of the
lens be placed so that its image is formed 10cm away from the lens. Find the size of the image also.
3. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image in above situation.
Q33. A concave lens of focal length 60cm is used to form an image of an object of length 9cm kept at a distance of 30cm from it. Use 5 Marks
lens formula to determine the nature, position and length of the image formed. Also draw labelled ray diagram to show the
image formation in the above case.
Q34. 1. Define the following terms in the context of spherical mirrors: 5 Marks
1. Pole.
2. Centre of curvature.
3. Principal axis.
4. Principal focus.
2. Draw ray diagrams to show the principal focus of a:
1. Concave mirror.
2. Convex mirror.
3. Consider the following diagram in which M is a mirror and P is an object and Q is its magnified image formed by the mirror.

State the type of the mirror M and one characteristic property of the image Q.
Q35. 1. An object is placed in front of a convex lens of focal length f. If the distance of the object from the lens is 2f, draw a ray 5 Marks
diagram to show the formation of the image. Write the value of magnification in this case.
2. A student has focussed the image of a candle flame on a white screen using a convex lens. The situation is as given below:
Length of the flame = 2cm
 Focal length of the lens = 12cm
Distance of the flame from the lens = 16cm
If the flame is perpendicular to the principal axis of the lens, calculate the values of the following:
1. Distance of the image from the lens
2. Length of the image formed
Q36. 1. Define focal length of a spherical lens. 5 Marks
2. A divergent lens has a focal length of 30cm. At what distance should an object of height 5cm from the optical centre of the
lens be placed so that its image is formed 15cm away from the lens? Find the size of the image also.
3. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image in the above situation.
Q37. At what distance from a concave lens of focal length 25 cm a 10 cm tall object be placed so as to obtain its image at 20 cm from 5 Marks
the lens. Also calculate the size of the image formed.
Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer for the above situation and label it.
Q38. 1. What is scattering of light? Explain how the colour of the scattered light depends on the size of the scattering particles. 5 Marks
2. Explain the reddish appearance of the Sun at sunrise or sunset. Why does it not appear red at noon?
Q39. Analyse the following observation table showing variation of image distance (v) with object distance (u) in case of a convex lens 5 Marks
and answer the questions that follow, without doing any calculations:
Object distance Image distance
S. No.
u (cm) v (cm)
1. -90 +18
2. -60 +20
3. -30 +30
4. -20 +60
5. -18 +90
6. -10 +100

1. What is the focal length of the convex lens? Give reason in support of your answer.
2. Write the serial number of that observation which is not correct. How did you arrive at this conclusion?
3. Take an appropriate scale to draw ray diagram for the observation at S.No. 4 and find the approximate value of
magnification.
Q40. 1. Draw a ray diagram to explain the term angle of deviation. 5 Marks
2. Why do the component colours of incident white light split into a spectrum while passing through a glass prism, explain.
3. Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the formation of a rainbow.
Q41. 1. A concave mirror of focal length 10cm can produce a magnified real as well as virtual image of an object placed in front of 5 Marks
it. Draw ray diagrams to justify this statement.
2. An object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex mirror of focal length 10cm. The distance of the object
from the pole of the mirror is 10cm. Find the position of the image formed.
Q42. This question requires understanding the concept of refraction of light and applying Snell's law to calculate the speed of light in 5 Marks
different mediums.
Q43. The question requires applying knowledge of Cartesian sign conventions for reflection of light by spherical mirrors to determine 5 Marks
the focal length and nature of a mirror forming a specific magnified virtual image.
Q44. An object 4.0cm in size, is placed 25.0cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 15.0cm. 5 Marks
1. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp image?
2. Find the size of the image.
3. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image in this case.
Q45. 1. What is dispersion of white light? What is the cause of such dispersion? Draw a diagram to show the dispersion of white 5 Marks
light by a glass prism.
2. A glass prism is able to produce a spectrum when white light passes through it but a glass slab does not produce any
spectrum. Explain why it is so.
Q46. 1. A security mirror used in a big showroom has radius of curvature 5m. If a customer is standing at a distance of 20m from 5 Marks
the cash counter, find the position, nature and size of the image formed in the security mirror.
2. Neha visited a dentist in his clinic. She observed that the dentist was holding an instrument fitted with a mirror. State the
nature of this mirror and reason for its use in the instrument used by dentist.
Q47. 1. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image of an object placed between infinity and the optical centre of a 5 Marks
concave lens.
2. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image10 cm from the lens. Calculate:
 1. The distance of the object from the lens.
2. The magnification for the image formed.
3. The nature of the image formed.
Q48. 1. Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the path of a ray of light incident obliquely on one face of a glass slab. 5 Marks
2. Calculate the refractive index of the material of a glass slab. Given that the speed of light through the glass slab is 2 ×
108m/ s and in air is 3 × 108m/ s.
3. Calculate the focal length of a lens, if its power is –2.5D.
Q49. 1. Complete the following ray diagram: 5 Marks

2. Find the nature, position and size of the image formed.

3. Use lens formula to determine the magnification in this case.
Q50. 1. Complete the following ray diagram: 5 Marks

2. Find the nature, position and size of the image formed.

3. Use mirror formula to determine the magnification in this case.
Q51. 1. Give reasons for the following: 5 Marks
1. Colour of the clear sky is blue.
2. The sun can be seen about two minutes before the actual sunrise.
3. We cannot see an object clearly if it is placed very close to the eyes.
2. What is Presbyopia? Write two causes of this defect.
Q52. 1. Define power of a lens and write its SI unit. Name the type of lens whose power is negative. 5 Marks
2. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of finite size at a distance of 50cm from it. Where is the object placed in
front of the lens? Give all possible positions of the object stating reason in each case.
3. Draw labelled ray diagram for any one position of the object mentioned in (b) above.
Q53. 1. Draw and complete the following ray diagram on you answer sheet to show lateral displacement. 5 Marks

2. Define absolute refractive index. Give its mathematical expression.

3. Study the following diagrams:

I = Image, O = Object
Identify Mirror 1 and Mirror 2 and state one use of each.
Q54. 1. One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will such a lens produce an image of the complete object? Support 5 Marks
your answer with a ray diagram.
2. An object 5 cm high is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm.
1. Draw the ray diagram.
2. Calculate the position and size of the image formed.
3. What is the nature of the image?
Q55. State the law of refraction of light that defines the refractive index of a medium with respect to the other. Express it 5 Marks
mathematically. How is refractive index of any medium 'A' with respect to a medium 'B' related to the speed
of propagation of light in two media A and B? State the name of this constant when one medium is vacuum or air.
The refractive indices of glass and water with respect to vacuum are and respectively. If the speed of light in glass is
3

2
4

2 × 10
8
find the speed of light in,
m/s

1. Vacuum.
2. Water.
Q56. 5 Marks
 List the sign conventions for reflection flight by spherical mirrors. Draw a diagram and apply these conventions in the
determination of focal length of spherical mirror which forms a three times magnified real image of an object placed 16
cm infront of it.
Q57. Rishi went to a palmist to show his palm. The palmist used a special lens for this purpose. 5 Marks
1. State the nature of the lens and reason for its use.
2. Where should the palmist place/ hold the lens so as to have a real and magnified image of an object?
3. If the focal length of this lens is 10cm and the lens is held at a distance of 5cm from the palm, use lens formula to find the
position and size of the image.
Q58. 1. Define the following terms: 5 Marks
1. Power of a lens
2. Principal focus of a concave mirror
2. Write the relationship among the object distance (u), image distance (v) and the focal length (f) of a
1. Spherical lens.
2. Spherical mirror.
3. An object is placed at a distance of 10cm from optical centre of a convex lens of focal length 15cm. Draw a labelled ray
diagram to show the formation of image in this case.
Q59. This question requires understanding of how light behaves when incident obliquely on a glass slab and the principles of 5 Marks
refraction.
Q60. Draw a ray diagram in each of the following cases to show the formation of image, when the object is placed: 5 Marks
1. Between optical centre and principal focus of a convex lens.
2. Anywhere in front of a concave lens.
3. At 2F of a convex lens. State the signs and values of magnifications in the above mentioned cases (i) and (ii).