VIKASH GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

Session – 2025-26
Question Bank
Class – X Subject- Science
LIFE PROCESSES

MCQ
1. A gland not associated with the alimentary canal is
(a)liver (b) salivary glands
(c) pancreas (d) adrenal
2. Which of the following are chiefly digested in the stomach?
(a)Carbohydrates (b) Proteins
(c) Lipids (d) Fats
3. Autotrophic organisms include
(a) Bacteria and virus (b) Bacteria and fungi
(c) Green plants and some bacteria (d) Green plants and all bacteria
4. From the given picture of the digestive system, identify the part labelled as
pancreas.

5.The process in which loss Of water takes place in the form of water vapour through
stomata is called
(a)transportation (b) transpiration
(c) guttation (d) translocation
6.Which one of the following conditions is true for the
state of stomata of a green leaf shown in the given
diagram?

(a) Large amount of water flows into the guard cells.

(b) Gaseous exchange is occuring in large amount.
 (c) Large amount of water flows out from the guard cells.
(d) Large amount of sugar collects in the guard cells.

7.In the given transverse section ofthe leaf identify the layer of cells where maximum
photosynthesis occurs.

8.Many processes happen in the bodies Of living organisms.

Those processes which involve the building up of complex molecules from simpler
ones are called anabolism. Those which involve the breakdown of complex molecules
into simpler ones are called catabolism.
Which of the following life processes can be considered as an example of anabolism?
(a)Digestion (b)Respiration
(c)Transpiration (d)Photosynthesis
9.Read the following two statements and answer the question.
1. Gastroparesis is a disease in which the muscles of the stomach become paralysed
and cannotcontract or relax.
2. Foods high in fat can delay the process ofdigestion and the emptying of the
stomach.
Which of the following food would be advised to apatient suffering from
gastroparesis?
(a)Soups and juices only (b)Soups and chicken salads only
(c)Fried chicken and fried rice (d)Ice cream and milk only
10.Opening and closing of stomata is due to:
(a) High pressure of gases inside the cells.
(b) Movementofwaterin and out ofthe guard cells.
(c)Stimulus of light in the guard cells.
(d)Diffusion of C02 in and out of the guard cells.
11.An incomplete equation for the digestion of starchusing saliva is shown as:
Saliva + Starch (in test tube)
What will be the likely outcome of this?
(a) Saliva will convert starch into complex fatmolecules.
(b) Saliva will convert starch into complex sugarmolecules.
(c) Saliva will breakdown starch into simple sugar molecules.
(d) Saliva will breakdown starch into simple proteinmolecules.
12. In which group of the organisms the food material is broken down outside the
body?
A) Mushroom, green plants, amoeba
B) Yeast, mushroom, bread mould
C) Paramecium, amoeba, cuscuta
D) Cuscuta, lice, tapeworm

13. Select the correct statement -

A) Heterotrophs make their food
B) Heterotrophs utilize solar energy to make food
C) Heterotrophs do not make their own food
D) Heterotrophs are capable of converting carbon dioxide and water into
carbohydrates

14. Which of the following statements about autotrophs is incorrect?

A) They synthesize carbohydrates by using carbon dioxide, water in presence of
sunlight and chlorophyll
B) They store carbohydrates in form of starch
C) They convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the absence of
sunlight
D) They form the first trophic level in food chain

15. Which of these reactions occur in photosynthesis?

A) Carbon dioxide is reduced and water is oxidised
B) water is reduced and carbon dioxide is oxidised
C) carbon dioxide and water are oxidised
D) carbon dioxide and water are reduced

16. A few drops of iodine solution were added to rice water. The solution turned blue
black in colour. This indicates rice water has -
A) complex proteins
B) simple proteins
C) starch
D) Fats

17. Which is the correct sequence -

A) mouth → stomach → small intestine → oesophagus → large intestine
B) mouth → oesophagus → stomach → large intestine → small intestine
C) mouth → stomach → oesophagus → small intestine → large intestine
D) mouth → oesophagus → stomach → small intestine → large intestine
18. If salivary amylase is lacking in saliva, which of the event in mouth will be
affected-
A) Proteins breaking down into amino acids
B) starch breaking down into sugars
C) Fats breaking down into fatty acids and glycerol
D) Absorption of vitamins

19. The inner lining of the stomach is protected by one of the following from
hydrochloric acid. Choose the correct one -
A) Mucus
B) Salivary amylase
C) Pepsin
D) Bile

20. Which part of alimentary canal receives bile from liver -

A) stomach
B) small intestine
C) large intestine
D) oesophagus

21. In which part of alimentary canal food is finally digested ?

A) large intestine
b) Stomach
C) Mouth cavity
D) small intestine

22. Choose the function of pancreatic juice from following :

A) Trypsin digests proteins and lipase digests carbohydrates
B) Trypsin digests emulsified fats and lipase digests proteins
C) Trypsin and lipase digest fats
D) Trypsin digests proteins and lipase digests emulsified fats

23. The correct sequence of anaerobic respiration -

A) Glucose → pyruvate → lactic acid
B) glucose → pyruvate → carbondioxide + ethanol
C) glucose → pyruvate → ADP→ lactic acid
D) glucose -→ pyruvate → carbondioxide + ethanol + energy

24. The pancreatic juice doesn't contain following enzymes-

A) Trypsin B) Amylase
C) Lipase D) Ptyalin

25. The pancreas pour their secretion into ___.

A) Small intestine B) large intestine
C) stomach D) Duodenum
26. The kidneys in human beings are part of ______.
A) Nutrition
B) Respiration
C) Excretion
D) Circulation

27. The opening and closing of stomatal pore depends upon ___.
A) Oxygen
B) water in guard cells
C) concentration of carbon dioxide in stomata
D) temperature

28. In the human digestion system the enzymes pepsin and trypsin are secreted by ?
A) Pancreas and liver
B) pancreas and gall bladder
C) stomach and pancreas
D) stomach and salivary glands

29. Which of the statements is correct regarding bile?

A) secreted by duct and stored in liver
B) secreted by liver and stored in bile duct
C) secreted by liver and stored in gall bladder
D) secreted by gall bladder and stored in liver
30. Which of the following components of food is digested by salivary amylase?
A) proteins B) fats
C) Minerals D) carbohydrates

31. Where are proteins first digested?

A) small intestine B) stomach
C) large intestine D) mouth

32. Which is the first enzyme that mixes with food?

A) s.amylase B) trypsin
C) erepsin D) gastric juice

33. The cellular energy reserves in autotrophs are____.

A) glycogen B) starch
C) protein D) fatty acids

34. The autotrophs require ____.

A) CO2 and water B) chlorophyll
C) sunlight D) All

35. The breakdown of pyruvate into carbon dioxide, energy and water takes place in
_____.
A) mitochondria B) cytoplasm
C) Endoplasmic reticulum D) ribosomes

36. When air is blown through lime water it turns milky because of ______.
A) water B) carbon dioxide
C) limestone D) calcium oxide

37. Write the correct sequence of air passage involved in inhalation?

A) larynx→ Nostrils → Pharynx → lungs
B) nostrils→ Pharynx→ larynx→ Trachea → alveoli
C) nasal passage → larynx → Trachea → Pharynx→ Alveoli
D) None

38. During respiration exchange of gases takes place in _____.

A) Trachea and larynx B) alveoli of lungs
C) Alveoli and throat D) Throat and larynx

39. What prevents back flow of blood during contraction?

A) Valves in heart B) Thick muscular walls of ventricles
C) Thin walls of atria D) All

40. The correct path of urine is __.

A) Kidney→ ureter → urthra→ urinary bladder
B) Kidney → urinary bladder → urethra → ureter
C) kidney→ ureter → urinary bladder→ urethra
D) urinary bladder → kidney → ureter →urethra

41. During deficiency of oxygen in tissues of humans, pyruvic acid is converted into
lactic acid in____.
A) Cytoplasm B) chloroplast
C) mitochondria D) golgi body

42. Xylem helps in ___.

A) transportation of water B) translocation of food
C) both a and b D) transportation of water and minerals

43. What is the approximate length of an alimentary canal?

A) 3m B) 4m
C) 5m D) 4.5-5 m

44. Which organelle is called power house of cell?

A) Mitochondria B) golgi body
C) ribosomes D) none

45. Which respiration is much efficient?

A) aerobic B) anaerobic
C) both are equal D) none
46. Write full form of ATP.
A) adenosine diphosphate B) adenosine phosphate
C) adenosine triphosphate D) none

47. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about respiration?

A) During inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised
B) In the alveoli, exchange of gases takes place i.e., oxygen from alveolar air diffuses
into blood and carbon dioxide from blood into alveolar air sacs
C) Haemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen
D) Alveoli does not help in increasing surface area for exchange of gases

48. Which of the following statement (s) is (are) true about heart?
A) Left atrium receives oxygenated blood from different parts of body while right
atriumreceives deoxygenated blood from lungs
B) Left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to different body parts while right ventricle
pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs.
C) Left atrium transfers oxygenated blood to the right ventricle which sends it to
different body parts
D) Right atrium receives oxygenated blood from different parts of the body while left
ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to different parts of the body.

49. Single circulation i.e., blood flows through the heart only once during one cycle of
passage through the body, is exhibited by____.
A) Labeo, Chameleon, Salamander
B) Hippocampus, Exocoetus, Anabas
C) Hyla, Rana, Draco
D) Whale, Dolphin, Turtle

50. Choose the correct statement that describes arteries:

A) They have thick elastic walls, blood flows under high pressure; collect blood from
different organs and bring it back to the heart
B) They have thin walls with valves inside, blood flows under low pressure and carry
blood away from the heart to various organs of the body
C) They have thick elastic walls, blood flows under low pressure; carry blood from the
heart to various organs of the body
D) They have thick elastic walls without valves inside. The Blood flows under high
pressure and carry blood away from the heart to different parts of the body

51. The filtration units of the kidney are called ___.

A) urethra B) ureter
C) Neuron D) nephron

52. Oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from_____.

A) water B) Chlorophyll
C) carbon dioxide D) glucose
53. The blood leaving the tissues becomes rich in _____.
A) Haemoglobin B) carbon dioxide
C) water D) oxygen

54. Which of the following is incorrect statement:

A) organism grow with time
B) Organisms must repair and maintain their structure
C) Movement of molecules does not take place among cells
D) Energy is essential for life processes

55. The internal (cellular) energy reservoir in autotrophs is:

A) glycogen B) protein
C) starch D) fatty acid

56. Choose the event that does not occur in photosynthesis?

A) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
B) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates
C) Oxidation of carbon to carbon dioxide
D) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy

57. Choose the form in which most of the plants absorb nitrogen from the
atmosphere ?
A) proteins B) nitrates and nitrites
C) atmospheric nitrogen D) amino acids

58. Which process converts light energy to chemical energy ?

A) Respiration B) photosynthesis
C) transpiration D) transportation of water and minerals

59. Which of these is the simplest form of food ?

A) rice B) wheat
C) Butter D) Glucose

60. Which out of them is not a raw material for photosynthesis ?

A) carbon dioxide B) water
C) oxygen D) all
ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTIONS
In the following Questions, the Assertion and Reasonhave been put forward. Read the
statements carefullyand choose the correct alternative from the following:
(a)Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct and theReason is the correct
explanation of the Assertion.
(b)The Assertion and the Reason are correct but theReason is not the correct
explanation ofthe Assertion.
(c)Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d)The statement Ofthe Assertion is false but the Reason is true.
1. Assertion: When air is blown through lime water, lime water turns milky.
Reason: Air contains 78% nitrogen and 21 % oxygen.
2.Assertion: Veins have thin walls to collect bloodfrom different organs.
Reason: Blood in veins are not under pressure.
3.Assertion: Human being has a complex respiratorysystem.
Reason: Human skin is impermeable to gases.
4.Assertion: All proteins in our food are digested insmall intestine only.
Reason: The protein digesting enzymes are releaseinto small intestine and stomach.
5.Assertion: Nitrogen is an essential element forplant growth and is taken up by plants
in the form of inorganic nitrates or nitrites.
Reason: The soil is the nearest and richest sourceof raw materials like nitrogen,
phosphorus and otherminerals for the plants.
6.Assertion: Aerobic respiration release less energyas compared to anaerobic
respiration.
Reason: Mitochondria is the power house of thecell.
7.Assertion: Energy is required to carry out differentlife processes.
Reason: Energy is obtained in the form of ATP inthe mitochondria.
8.Assertion: Molecular movements help in repair andmaintenance of cell organelles,
cells and tissues.
Reason: Molecular movements are involved inremoval of catabolic products like
C02and NH3.
9.Assertion: In parasitic nutrition, an organism lives on or inside another living
organism and derives its food.
Reason: Parasites obtain predigested or partiallydigested food from their host.
10. Assertion: The stomata are present in the leaves andgreen stems of a plant.
Reason: The gaseous exchange in plants takes place only through the stomata in
leaves.
11. Assertion: Chloroplasts are the organelles in thecells of green plants which contain
chlorophyll.
Reason: The site of photosynthesis in cell of the leaf is chlorophyll.
12. Assertion: The process of obtaining food by Amoebais phagocytosis.
Reason: Amoeba ingests the food particles byforming finger like projections called
pseudopodiaaround it.
13.Assertion: Due to the presence of hydrochloric acid,the gastric juice is acidic in
nature.
Reason: In acidic medium, the enzyme pepsin beginsthe digestion of proteins
present in food to form smaller molecules in small intestine.
14. Assertion: The digested food which is not used byour body immediately is stored
in the liver in theform of a carbohydrate starch.
Reason: The stored food can be used as a source ofenergy by the body as and when
required.
15. Assertion: The act of expelling the undigested foodfrom the large intestine is called
excretion.
Reason: The exit of undigested food is controlledby anal sphincter.
16. Assertion: Plants use oxygen of air for respirationand release carbon dioxide.
Reason: Oxygen and carbon dioxide are calledrespiratory gases.
17. Assertion: The build up oflactic acid in our musclesduring sudden activity causes
cramps.
Reason: The anaerobic respiration in animal muscletissue produces lactic acid as the
end produce.
18. Assertion: The inner walls ofthe small intestine havefinger like projections called
villi which are rich inblood.
Reason: These Villi have a large surface area tohelp the small intestine m completing
the digestion of food.
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (2M)
1. What is saliva? State its role in the digestion of food.
2. What is the role of HCI in protein digestion?
3. Why is the inner wall of alimentary canal notdigested although the digestive
enzyme can digestall the materials that make cells?
4. Where are salivary glands situated in man? What are their functions?
5. State two functions performed by bile juice.
6. What are the functions of large intestine in man?
7. How would digestion of food be affected if the bile duct is completely blocked?
8. How would it affect the digestion of proteins and carbohydrates in the
duodenum of man if there is a blockage in the pancreatic duct? Explain.
9. What are enzymes? Name any one enzyme of our digestive system and write its
function.
10.Patients whose gall bladder are removed are recommended to eat less oily food.
Why?
11. There are various muscles present in the human digestive system known as
sphincters. Two examples of those are given below:
1.pyloric sphincter - at the junction Of stomach and small intestine
2. anal sphincter - at the anus
Give one most likely consequence of malfunctioning of each of these sphincters.
12. (a) What is peristaltic movement?
(b)'Stomata remain closed in desert plants during daytime'. How do they do
photosynthesis
13.Name two animals having cutaneous respiration. What special features of the
skin make cutaneous respiration effective?
14. If one holds his breath after expiration for about30 sec., would there still be
occurring anyexchange of respiratory gases in the lungs duringthis period? Explain.
15. (a) Why do the walls of a trachea not collapsewhen there is less air in it?
(b) Why do multicellular animals need a respiratory pigments?
16.Why is there a difference in the rate of breathing between aquatic organisms and
terrestrial organisms? Explain.
17.Name the water and mineral conducting element of non-flowering plants. Mention
how conduction takes place in it.
18.Write down any two differences between the transport of materials in xylem and
phloem.
19.A major portion of the carbohydrates produced by plants is stored in different parts
of the plant (storage organs). Explain the mechanism by which this stored food is
made available when different organs need it for growth.
20.Write one specific function each of the following Organs in relation with excretion
in human beings:
(i) Renal Artery (ii) Urethra(iii) Glomerulus (iv) Tubular part of nephron

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS(3)

1. How are lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of
gases?
2. Explain the process of breakdown of glucose in a cell.
3. Mention the three kinds Of cells present in blood. Write one function Of each.
4. List the three kinds of blood vessels of human circulatory system and write their
functions in tabular form.
5. What is blood pressure? How it is measured ? Give one difference between
systolic pressure and diastolic pressure
6. (a) What is double circulation?
(b) Why is the separation of the right side and the left side of the heart useful?
How does it help birds and mammals?
7. How is lymph an important fluid involved in transportation? If lymphatic
vessels get blocked, how would it affect the human body? Elaborate.
8. How is urine produced?
9. Describe in brief the functions of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra.
Long Answer Type Questions 5 Marks
1. (a) Write the reaction that occurs when glucose breaks down anaerobically in
yeast.
(b) Write the mechanism by which fishes breath in water.
(c) Name the balloon likes structures present in lungs. List its two functions.
(d) Name the respiratory pigment and write its role in human beings.

2. (a) Describe the mechanism of breathing in humanbeings.

 (b) (i) Under normal conditions, what is the rateof breathing per minute?
(ii) Why does the rate of breathing increase by 20 to 25 times during vigorous
exercise?
3. (a) Mention any two components of blood.
(b)Trace the movement of oxygenated blood in the body.
(c) Write the function of valves present in between atria and ventricles.
(d) Write one structural difference between the composition of artery and veins.
4. (a) Name the blood vessel that brings oxygenated blood to the human heart.
(b)Which chamber of human heart receives oxygenated blood?
(c) Explain how oxygenated blood from this chamber is sent to all parts of the
body.

5. (a) Define excretion.Name the basic filtration unit present in the kidney.
(b) Draw excretory system in human beings and label the following organs of
the excretory system which perform following functions:
(i) form urine.
(ii) is a long tube which collects urine from kidney.
(iii) store urine until it is passed out.
CASE BASED QUESTIONS
1.Three main regions of the small intestine are the duodenum, the jejunum, and the
ileum. The small intestine is where digestion is completed and eventually all
absorption occurs. These two activities are facilitated by structural adaptations that
increase the mucosal surface area by 600-fold, including circular folds, villi, and
microvilli. There are around 200 million microvilli per square millimeter of small
intestine, which contain brush border enzymes that complete the digestion Of
carbohydrates and proteins. Combined with pancreatic juice, intestinal juice provides
the liquid medium needed to further digest and absorb substances from chyme large
intestine. The main regions of the large intestine are the cecum, the colon, and the
rectum. The large intestine absorbs water and forms feces, and is responsible for
defecation.
(a) What is the function of large intestine?
(b) What controls the exit of waste material from intestine?
(c) How is the area ofabsorption increased in small intestine?
Or
(c) What are the enzymes secreted by pancreatic juice?
2. The figure shown below represents a common type ofdialysis called as
Haemodialysis. It removes waste products from the blood. Such as excess salts, and
urea which are insufficiently removed by the kidney in patients with kidney failure.
During the procedure, the patients blood is cleaned by filtration through a series of
semi-permeable membranes before being returned tothe blood of the patient.
On the basis of this, answer the following questions:
made Of a

membrane
(a) Give one functional difference between kidney and artificial kidney.
(b) Name the duct by which urine is transferred from kidney to the urinary bladder.
(c) What is an artificial kidney?
Or
(c) Name the process by which waste products from blood pass into dialysing fluid.
3. The heart is a pumping organ that receives bloodfrom the veins and pumps it
into the arteries. It issituated in the thoracic cavity which lies above the diaphragm
between the two lungs. It is enclosed in a double walled membraneous sac.
(a) Name the double walled membranous sac that encloses the heart.
(b) What is the function of valves in the heart?
(c) The left ventricle of the heart has a thicker wall than the right ventricle.
Explain.
Or
(c) Give two differences between auricles and ventricles.
4.During photosynthesis, green plants synthesise organic materials they require from
inorganic source. Light is a source Of energy for this synthesis.
(a) Mention the raw materials required for photosynthesis.
(b) Where does photosynthesis mostly take place in a plant?
(c) Write the balanced chemical equation for the process of photosynthesis.
Or
(d) When do the desert plants take up carbon dioxide and perform
photosynthesis?
5.Respiratory disease causes an immense worldwide health burden. It is estimated that
2 35 million people suffer from asthma, more than 200 million people have
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 65 million endure moderate-to-severe
COPD , more than 100 million adult population experience sleep disordered breathing,
8.7 million people develop tuberculosis (TB) annually, millions live with pulmonary
hypertension and more than 50 million people struggle with occupational lung
diseases. At least 2 billion people are exposed to the toxic effects Of biomass fuel
consumption, I billion are exposed to outdoor air pollution and I billion are exposed to
tobacco smoke. Each year, 4 million people die prematurely from chronic respiratory
disease. Infants and young children are particularly susceptible. Nine million children
under 5 years ofage die annually and lung diseases are the most common causes Of
these deaths. Pneumonia is the world's leading killer of young children. Asthma is the
most common chronic disease, affecting about 14% of children globally and is still
rising. COPD is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide and the numbers are
growing. The most common lethal cancer in the world is lung cancer, which kills more
than I .4 million people each year, and the numbers are growing. Respiratory tract
infections caused by influenza kill 250 000—500 000 people and cost 71—167 billion
US dollars annually. Respiratory infections are ranked as the greatest single
contributor to the overall burden of disease in the world.
(a) Write one difference between respiration in plants and respiration in animals.
(b) Define cilia.
(c) How are lungs designed to maximize exchange of gases?
(c) 'While breathing cycle is rhythmic, exchange of gases is a continuous process.'
Justify.
6. Plants lose water in vapour form from the aerial parts by the process oftranspiration.
Besides removal of excess water, transpiration also helps in upward movement of cell
sap, to regulate temperature ofthe plant and helps to absorb and distribute the salt.
(a) What is ascent of sap?
(b) Name the vascular tissues which conduct water and translocate food.
(c) Write two difference(s) between transpiration and translocation.
Or
(c) Explain the mechanism of opening and closing
Of stomata.