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Unit 2 Wearable Inertial Sensors

The document provides an overview of wearable inertial sensors, detailing their components such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers, and their applications in health monitoring and activity tracking. It discusses various functions like fall detection, gait analysis, and monitoring conditions such as Parkinson's disease and hemiplegia. Additionally, it highlights the benefits and challenges of using these sensors in wearable technology.

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panimalar ece
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10 views

Unit 2 Wearable Inertial Sensors

The document provides an overview of wearable inertial sensors, detailing their components such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers, and their applications in health monitoring and activity tracking. It discusses various functions like fall detection, gait analysis, and monitoring conditions such as Parkinson's disease and hemiplegia. Additionally, it highlights the benefits and challenges of using these sensors in wearable technology.

Uploaded by

panimalar ece
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.

Wearable Inertial Sensors


PART A - Two-Mark Questions with Answers

1. What is an inertial sensor in wearables?

An inertial sensor measures body motion using accelerometers, gyroscopes, and


magnetometers, and is widely used in activity tracking and health monitoring.

2. What are the main components of an inertial sensor?

Accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer are the key components that measure
linear acceleration, angular velocity, and orientation respectively.

3. What does an accelerometer detect?

An accelerometer measures linear acceleration along one or more axes, useful for
detecting movement like walking, running, or falling.

4. What is the role of a gyroscope in wearables?

Gyroscopes detect angular velocity, helping determine orientation and rotational


movement of the body or limbs.

5. What is the function of a magnetometer in wearables?

A magnetometer detects the direction and orientation using Earth’s magnetic field,
aiding in navigation and movement analysis.

6. Define wearable sensors.

Wearable sensors are electronic components embedded into devices worn on the body
to continuously monitor physical or physiological data.

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7. What are invisible sensors?

Invisible sensors are integrated seamlessly into clothing or accessories, operating


without being seen or felt by the wearer.

8. What is in-shoe force measurement?

It is the use of pressure and force sensors inside footwear to monitor gait, balance, and
foot strike during walking or running.

9. How are wearables used in fall risk assessment?

Wearables measure body balance, stride, and posture patterns to estimate the
likelihood of a person falling in the near future.

10. What is fall detection?

Fall detection involves identifying a sudden and abnormal motion pattern using
sensors, and sending an alert when a fall is suspected.

11. What is gait analysis?

Gait analysis evaluates how a person walks using motion sensors, helping detect
movement disorders and balance issues.

12. How do wearables assist in monitoring Parkinson’s disease?

They track tremors, gait disturbances, and motor activities in Parkinson’s patients to
aid in diagnosis and therapy adjustment.

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13. What is hemiplegia?

Hemiplegia is the paralysis of one side of the body, often caused by stroke, and is
monitored using motion sensors to assess rehabilitation progress.

14. How do wearables help in evaluating hemiplegic patients?

Wearables monitor limb movement and posture to quantitatively assess motor


recovery and functional improvement.

15. What is human kinetics?

Human kinetics is the scientific study of body movement, often measured using
inertial sensors to analyze physical activity.

16. How is cardiac activity tracked using wearables?

Wearable devices use optical or electrical sensors to monitor heart rate, rhythm, and
variability during physical activity.

17. What is energy expenditure in wearables?

It refers to the estimation of calories burned based on physical activity data collected
from motion sensors.

18. What is a pedometer?

A pedometer is a simple wearable device that counts steps based on body motion
detected by an internal sensor.

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19. What is an actigraph?

An actigraph is a wrist-worn device that records movement data over time, primarily
used to study sleep patterns and physical activity.

20. How does an actigraph help in sleep monitoring?

It detects movement during sleep and wake cycles, helping diagnose insomnia or other
sleep disorders.

21. Why are wearable inertial sensors important in sports?

They help monitor athletic performance, track motion patterns, and prevent injuries
through real-time feedback.

22. What is a modality of measurement?

It refers to the method used to collect sensor data such as wearable devices, invisible
sensors, or pressure sensors in shoes.

23. Why are inertial sensors preferred in wearables?

They are compact, energy-efficient, and can provide continuous, accurate motion data
in real-time.

24. How is physical activity monitoring beneficial?

It helps track health metrics like steps, calories burned, and intensity of movement to
promote fitness and preventive care.

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25. Mention one challenge of using wearable inertial sensors.

Sensor drifts and signal noise can affect accuracy, requiring calibration and filtering
techniques for reliable measurements.

PART B and C – Questions:


1. Describe the working principles of accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetic
sensors.

2. Explain the modality of measurement in wearable devices with suitable examples.

3. Compare wearable, invisible, and in-shoe sensors in terms of function and


application.

4. How are wearable inertial sensors used in fall risk assessment and fall detection?

5. Explain gait analysis using wearable sensors and its applications.

6. Discuss how wearable devices help in evaluating hemiplegic and Parkinson’s


disease patients.

7. What is human kinetics? Explain how it is measured using wearable technology.

8. Compare the use of pedometers and actigraphs in physical activity monitoring.

9. Explain the use of wearable inertial sensors for energy expenditure measurement.

10. Discuss the limitations and challenges of using inertial sensors in wearable
devices.

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