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HTML_Interview_QA

This document provides a comprehensive list of HTML interview questions and answers, covering fundamental concepts such as HTML tags, elements, and structure. It includes practical examples for creating hyperlinks, tables, forms, and multimedia, as well as discussing semantic HTML, accessibility, and SEO optimization. Additionally, it highlights new features introduced in HTML5 and techniques for resource management in web development.

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lewissikanyika35
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6 views

HTML_Interview_QA

This document provides a comprehensive list of HTML interview questions and answers, covering fundamental concepts such as HTML tags, elements, and structure. It includes practical examples for creating hyperlinks, tables, forms, and multimedia, as well as discussing semantic HTML, accessibility, and SEO optimization. Additionally, it highlights new features introduced in HTML5 and techniques for resource management in web development.

Uploaded by

lewissikanyika35
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HTML INTERVIEW QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

1. What is HTML?
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard language used to create
and structure content on the web. It uses a series of elements and tags to define
the structure and presentation of text, images, and other multimedia.

2. What are HTML tags?


HTML tags are used to create elements on a web page. Tags usually come in
pairs, with an opening tag (e.g., <p>) and a closing tag (e.g., </p>), and they
enclose content to define its structure or behavior.

3. What is the purpose of the <head> and <body> tags in HTML?


The <head> tag contains metadata and links to resources like stylesheets and
scripts, which are essential for the page but not displayed directly. The
<body> tag contains the actual content that appears on the webpage.

4. What is the difference between an element and a tag in HTML?


A tag is the markup used to define the start or end of an HTML element
(e.g., <div>). An element includes the tags and the content between them
(e.g., <div>Content</div>).

5. What is the purpose of the <doctype> declaration in HTML?


The <!DOCTYPE> declaration specifies the HTML version being used
and ensures that the browser renders the page in standards-compliant
mode, preventing it from entering "quirks mode."
6. How do you create a hyperlink in HTML?
You can create a hyperlink using the <a> tag. Example: <a
href="https://example.com">Click here</a>.
7. What are the differences between block-level and inline elements in
HTML?
Block-level elements (e.g., <div>, <p>) take up the full width of their
container and start on a new line. Inline elements (e.g., <span>, <a>) take up
only as much width as needed and do not start on a new line.

8. What are semantic HTML elements? Give examples.


Semantic HTML elements clearly describe their meaning in a human- and
machine-readable way. Examples include <header>, <footer>, <article>, and
<section>.

9. How do you create a table in HTML?


A table is created using the <table> tag, with rows defined by <tr>, and cells
within rows by <td> for data and <th> for headers. Example:
<table>

<tr>

<th>Header 1</th>

<th>Header 2</th>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>Data 1</td>

<td>Data 2</td>

</tr>

</table>

10. What is the purpose of the <meta> tag in HTML?


The <meta> tag provides metadata about the HTML document, such as
character set, author, and viewport settings, which are used by browsers and
search engines.
11. How do you include an image in an HTML document?
You can include an image using the <img> tag, specifying the src attribute
with the image URL and the alt attribute for alternative text.
Example:
<img src="image.jpg" alt="Description of the image">

12. What is the purpose of the <form> tag in HTML?


The <form> tag is used to create a form for collecting user input. It can
contain input elements like text fields, checkboxes, radio buttons, and
submit buttons.

13. How do you create a dropdown list in HTML?


A dropdown list is created using the <select> tag, with each option defined by
an <option> tag.
Example:
<select>
<option value="1">Option 1</option>
<option value="2">Option 2</option>
</select>

14. What is the difference between <div> and <span> tags?


<div> is a block-level element used for grouping content, while <span> is an
inline element used for styling a portion of text or content within a block-
level element.
15. How can you create a responsive layout in HTML?
A responsive layout can be created using CSS media queries, flexible grid
systems (like CSS Grid or Flexbox), and setting the viewport meta tag for
scaling on different devices.

16. What is the purpose of the <iframe> tag in HTML?


The <iframe> tag is used to embed another HTML document within the
current document. It is often used to embed videos, maps, or other content
from different sources.

17. How do you embed multimedia (audio and video) in an HTML


document?
Multimedia can be embedded using the <audio> and <video> tags.
Example:
<audio controls>
<source src="audio.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
</audio>
<video controls>
<source src="video.mp4" type="video/mp4">
</video>

18. What are the different types of lists available in HTML?


HTML supports ordered lists (<ol>), unordered lists (<ul>), and definition lists
(<dl>). Each list type uses corresponding child elements like <li> for items
and <dt>/<dd> for definitions.
19. How do you create a favicon for a website?
A favicon is created by linking an icon file (usually .ico, .png, or .svg) using
the <link> tag in the <head> section.
Example:
<link rel="icon" href="favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon">

20. How can you add comments in an HTML document?


Comments in HTML are added using the <!-- Comment --> syntax. These
comments are not rendered by the browser.

21. What is the role of the <canvas> tag in HTML?


The <canvas> tag is used for drawing graphics, animations, or other visual
content via JavaScript. It provides a space for dynamic, scriptable rendering
of 2D shapes and images.

22. How do you optimize HTML for SEO?


HTML can be optimized for SEO by using semantic tags, descriptive alt
attributes for images, meaningful URLs, proper heading hierarchy, meta tags
for keywords and descriptions, and structured data like schema.org.

23. What is the difference between <script>, <noscript>, and <template>


tags in HTML?
<script> is used to include or reference JavaScript. <noscript> is used to
provide content for users who have JavaScript disabled. <template> is used
to define HTML fragments that can be cloned and used later by JavaScript,
but are not rendered when the page initially loads.
24. How do you implement accessibility features in HTML?
Accessibility in HTML is implemented by using semantic tags, aria-*
attributes for assistive technologies, meaningful alt text for images, keyboard
navigability, and ensuring proper contrast ratios and focus management.

25. What is the use of the data- attribute in HTML?


The data- attribute is used to store custom data directly on HTML elements.
This data can be accessed via JavaScript to create dynamic, interactive
content without affecting the element’s structure.
26. Explain the difference between localStorage, sessionStorage, and cookies
in HTML5.
localStorage stores data with no expiration date, sessionStorage stores data
for the duration of the page session, and cookies store small pieces of data
with a specified expiration time and are sent with every HTTP request.

27. How do you handle forms with multiple inputs and file uploads in
HTML?
Forms with multiple inputs can be managed using the <form> tag with
various input elements. File uploads are handled using <input type="file">,
and server-side scripts typically process the uploaded files.

28. What is the purpose of the <picture> tag in HTML?


The <picture> tag is used to provide multiple versions of an image for
different display conditions, like screen sizes or resolutions. It allows for
responsive image loading using <source> elements inside it.

29. How does the <progress> tag differ from the <meter> tag in HTML?
The <progress> tag represents the completion progress of a task (like a
download), showing a range from 0 to 1. The <meter> tag represents a scalar
measurement within a known range, such as disk usage
30. What are the new form elements introduced in HTML5?
HTML5 introduced new form elements like <input type="email">, <input
type="date">, <input type="number">, <input type="range">, and <input
type="color">, along with new attributes like placeholder, autofocus, and
required.
31. How do you use the <link> tag for preloading and prefetching resources
in HTML?
The <link> tag can use rel="preload" to preload critical resources and
rel="prefetch" to load resources that might be needed soon, improving page
performance.
Example:
<link rel="preload" href="style.css" as="style

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