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nodal analysis

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Introduction

Through the use of Nodal Voltage Analysis, the voltage drops between the various nodes

that serve as connections between two or more circuit components may be determined.

Since it shares the same foundation in matrix analysis principles as the earlier mesh

analysis, Nodal Voltage Analysis is a useful adjunct to it. Nodal Voltage Analysis, as the name

suggests, calculates the voltage potentials in a circuit by employing the "Nodal" equations of

Kirchhoff's first law.

So, if we total up the voltage at each node, we get zero. Then, if the circuit has "n" nodes,

there will be "n-1" independent nodal equations, and these will be enough to describe and solve

the circuit by itself.

To achieve this, first record the Kirchhoff's first law equation at each node, which states

that "the currents entering a node are precisely equal in value to the currents exiting a node," and

then express each current in terms of the voltage across the branch. When measuring voltage

between "n" nodes, one node will serve as a standard against which the others will be compared.
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Nodal Voltage Analysis Circuit

It is assumed that the voltages at nodes A, B, and C are Va, Vb, and Vc, respectively,

with respect to node D in the above circuit. Case in point:

As Va = 10v and Vc = 20v , Vb can be easily found by:

As before, this is the same 0.286 amps that we calculated using Kirchhoff's Circuit Law.

So far, this is the easiest approach to addressing this circuit that we have seen among the

Mesh Analysis and Nodal Analysis approaches we have examined. When there are several

potential current sources, nodal voltage analysis is the method of choice. After that, we may

characterise the network as [ I ] = [ Y ] The driving current sources (I), the nodal voltages (V),

and the admittance matrix (Y) of the network (which works on V to generate I) are all denoted as

(I, V, Y).
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The analysis of linear circuits is now much easier because to our discovery of several

theorems. Thevenin's Theorem, which permits a network of linear resistors and sources to be

represented by an equivalent circuit with a single voltage source and a series resistance, will be

discussed in the following lesson.

Conclusion

The voltage (potential difference) between two "nodes" (points where components or

branches link) in an electrical circuit can be calculated using the branch current technique, also

known as nodal analysis, node-voltage analysis, or simply the branch current method. It is

possible to do either a nodal analysis with Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) or a mesh analysis with

Kirchhoff's voltage law when studying a circuit according to Kirchhoff's circuit laws (KVL). To

ensure that the total of the branch currents incident at a node is zero, an equation is written at

each node using nodal analysis. Node voltages are used to express the branch currents. If the

constitutive relations of all the circuit's branches can be represented as admittances, then a nodal

analysis may be performed. If the network is small enough, the resulting set of equations from

the nodal analysis may be solved by hand; otherwise, a computer can swiftly solve them using

linear algebra. Many circuit simulation tools (like SPICE) employ nodal analysis as its

foundation because of the streamlined system of equations it provides. Modified nodal analysis is

a more broad extension of nodal analysis that may be utilized when elements do not have

admittance representations.
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References

Bindu, H. V, Madhuri, S.V.V & Chandrashekar, D. (2015). Basic electrical engineering.

Retrieved from http://www.griet.ac.in/nodes/BEEE.pdf

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