Unit 8 Test Study Guide Name: ______________________________________________

(Probability & Statistics) Date: ____________________________ Per: __________

Topic 1: Simple Probability

1. If the spinner below is spun once, find each probability. Give each answer as a fraction in
simplest form.
a) P(shaded space) b) P(a number greater than 8)

c) P(a multiple of 3 or a vowel) d) P(a perfect square)

2. A card is drawn at random from a standard 3. A soda pop company is running a bottle cap
deck. What is the probability that it is a contest where “WINNER” is printed
club or a red face card? underneath random bottle caps. If the
probability of getting a winning bottle cap is
6 in 40, what is the probability of not winning?

Topic 2: Theoretical vs. Experimental Probability

4. The 12-sided die to the right is rolled 75 times. The results are shown in the table.

Result 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Frequency 4 7 10 2 9 3 5 4 4 12 7 8

a) What is the theoretical probability of the b) Based on this experiment, what is the
die landing on a prime number? probability of the die landing on a prime
number?

c) Theoretically, if the die is rolled 400 times, d) Based on this experiment, if the die is rolled
how many times would you expect it to land 400 times, how many times would you expect
on a number that is at least 5? it to land on a number that is at least 5?

Topic 3: Counting Principle

5. How many different outfits consisting of a pair 6. A two-story mall has seven entrances on the
of pants, a shirt, and a tie can be made from first floor. Inside, it has four escalators, nine
four pairs of pants, seven shirts, and five ties? sets of stairs, and two elevators for customers
to travel between floors. If a customer is on
the second floor, how many ways can they
leave the mall?

© Gina Wilson (All Things Algebra®, LLC), 2017

7. A standard die is rolled twice, then a card is 8. A company gives each client a unique
chosen at random from a standard deck. account number containing four letters
How many outcomes are possible? followed by three digits. How many
account numbers are possible?

Topic 4: Compound Probability

9. A Magic 8-Ball is an advice seeking and fortune-telling toy. After asking the ball a yes-no
question, the user turns the ball upside down to reveal one of the following unique 20
answers. Answers with a white background are positive, answers with a light gray
background are undecided, and answers with a dark gray background are negative.
It is certain It is decidedly so Without a doubt Yes definitely
You may rely on it As I see it, yes Most likely Outlook good
Yes Signs point to yes Reply hazy try again Ask again later
Better not tell you now Cannot predict now Concentrate and ask again Don’t count on it
My reply is no My sources say no Outlook not so good Very doubtful

If Tessa asks the Magic 8-ball two questions, find each probability:
a) P(positive both times) b) P(undecided both times)

c) P(positive, then negative) d) P(“Don’t count on it”, then positive)

10. If a die is rolled three times, what is the 11. A pop-quiz contains five true or false
probability of getting a 2 on the first roll, an questions. If Emily guesses, what is the
odd number on the second roll, and a probability that she gets all five correct?
number less than 5 on the third roll?

12. A bag contains the letters of the word 13. The varsity baseball team has won 15 out of
PENNSYLVANIA. A letter is drawn, replaced, their last 16 games. The junior varsity team
then another is drawn. What is the has won 6 out of their last 10 games. What
probability that the first letter is an N or A is the probability that both teams win their
and the second letter has a vertical line of next game?
symmetry?

14. A box contains 2 red crayons, 6 blue a) P(yellow, then green)

crayons, 5 green crayons, 9 yellow crayons,
and 3 purple crayons. A crayon is drawn
at random, not replaced, then another is
drawn. Find each probability. b) P(both blue)

© Gina Wilson (All Things Algebra®, LLC), 2017

 PROBABILITY REVIEW
SIMPLE PROBABILITY
1. If the spinner below is spun once, a) P(bankrupt) b) P(at least $500)
find each probability.

c) P($800 or $1,000) d) P(a maximum of $700)

e) P(less than $400) f) P(lose a turn)

2. A bucket contains a set of magnetic 3. Sarah has been late for work 9 out of the last
alphabet letters. If a letter is drawn at random, 30 days. Based on this, what is the probability
what is the probability that it is a letter in the that she will be on time for work on any given
word FIRECRACKER? day?

THEORETICAL VS. EXPERIMENTAL PROBABILITY

4. A day of the week was chosen at random 60 times. Results of this experiment are shown in
the table below.
Result Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
Frequency 14 6 5 10 12 9 4

a) What is the theoretical probability of b) Based on this experiment, what is the

selecting a day that starts with the letter S? probability of selecting a day that starts with
the letter S?

c) Theoretically, if a day is chosen at random 300 d) Based on this experiment, if a day is chosen at
times, about many times would you expect random 300 times, about many times would
Monday to be chosen? you expect Monday to be chosen?

COUNTING PRINCIPLE
5. How many ways can Mason make his elective 6. To access their grades in the gradebook,
schedule if he can choose from photography, each student is given a unique code that
journalism, art, or marketing as his first contains three letters followed by one digit.
elective and keyboarding or chorus as his How many codes are possible?
second elective?

© Gina Wilson (All Things Algebra®, LLC), 2017

COMPOUND PROBABILITY
7. If each spinner is spun a) P(multiple of 3, then right side) b) P(less than 3, then left foot)
once, find each probability.

16 1
15 2
14 3
13 4 c) P(at least 7, then left hand) d) P(prime, then not right foot)
12 5
11 6
10 7
9 8

8. A letter from the word CONFIDENCE is chosen 9. In the last 10 presidential elections, the
at random, then a card is drawn from a democratic candidate has won six times in
standard deck. What is the probability of Michigan and four times in Ohio. What is the
getting a consonant, then a red card or an probability that the democratic candidate
ace? wins both Michigan and Ohio in the next
presidential election?

10. Each homeroom must send two student representatives to each student council meeting. Mrs.
Lincoln has 15 girls and 10 boys in her homeroom. If she randomly selects two students to attend
the next meeting, find each probability.
a) P(one girl and one boy) b) P(both boys)