=[Ans.

A A.
value
of the=.find B- A
and 2) 0 = B + A f 8.
3 2 (2
[Ans. 3B-A. value
of the find 1 = andB 5 4 1 = Af 7.
3 2 0 76
3
A=1!1. 2
23 IAns.
-B=IandB -3andA
= B+ WhenA B.
and matrices
A the Find 6.
3B). determine
+
(2A
[Ans.
=X
matrix] U EG2
2 x EZR0 matrix Zh3
QDZZ [X 0 =2X
4B- +3A fA
AASAmatrix
AN X 2 9 5 6 5A=
B= SZR
61 3 41 2
21 order
x2 matrix
of null the is and0 2 xorder2 matrx
of square the [Xis
4B-2X=0. +3Athat such matrixX the find 9| 5 ànd 6 5 IA 4.
B
6 3 47 2
matrix frgs matrix4 B GA
A BT
1
3) 4
B= eRAIAA= sz AS
Bmatrix t
-2
respectively. B &Amatrix
oftranspose the
BT(AB)T=BTAT
&where
AT that Verify
-anB
d 3) 4
matrices
=A two the For 3.
-1 A'
(Ans. 2
| fafmatrix Inverse
matrix| matrix, inverse
of Calculate
the 2.
ISIO matrix
4g BqSACAA RIA
AT8B (AB)T=BAT R18a15S31
matrixBrespectively.
o &AoftranspOse
matrix thdenotes
e
A&
B
wherA
e =B'A" (AB)' (TIAthat VerifB4Ry Ae
2
A-B=
where B
and matricesA two the For 1.
Type Short
A.
Problems
) Practical (O
EXERCISE
-
2] =andz =3-1,y Ans:x= [.:.
x39 26
-113
3|
+1- 28
13
+3+4| -1 4-2044 X
1
eral)
 :MACROECONOMICS AND ADVANCED
BusINESS MATHEMATICS
K 241

9. O,
If A=2 and B =(1 2 3), find BA, (Ans. BA 14|12012]

and B
10.IfA = show that A.B 0.

IA then prove that (A') =A.

(2013)
Í A= (HeltO A.B = 0

rT, A=
(2013]

1. Find AB where A=[3-2 O]and B=o (Ans.AB =6][2015)

3

12. IA=( ). B=Fnd2A+ 3B. (Ans. 12 (2017]

5
13. FA = ,B = 12 and C = |47 . Show that 3A + 5B-C = 0 (2018]
B. Short Essay Type
MATRICES
4 7 16 13
1. If 24 +B=7 -3 12 and 3B-A =|7 -2 Find A and B.
(13 6 2 11 4 -1
1 6
[Ans. A (2005)
2 3 4
w -2 -3 and hence solve the equation 5x -2y - 3z =4 2x+3y +4z = 4
2. Find theinverse of the matrix Awhen A =5
3 1 6 3x +y+ 6z = -1
-9 -14 -1
[Ans. A= -39 26 and x= 1,y= 2 and z=-1) (2005]
91| 11 -19

3. MA=i
3 2
then show that A² - 4A -I= 0 where I in a 2 x 2 unit matrix and 0 is a 2 x 2 null
matrix. Then findA-!,
1 2|
[Ans. 3206)
[3 2 5 15 21|
*. Express the following in a single matrix : [Ans.
|2 -4 0 -1| -1 (2008)
Express the following in a single matrix :
3 2 | 2 4 -9 5

- 2
|4 7 2|
3 7 [Ans. -2 -9 15 [2009]
-14 -2 23|
 Scroller Semester - V((Honours &General)
242

2
0 1 verify whether AB-BA.
6. If the matrix A= | 2 3|and B=- (2013
3I |3 - 4
2 -3-5] 1 3 5|
7. IfA = -1 4 5 and B = 1-3 -5|, show that
1 -3 -4 -1 3 5
AB = BA = 0, where O is the zero (Null) matrix of order 3. (2019, Sem.-V][2015
[1 0 -2
8. If A=2 2 4,verify that A -3A + 21 = O
where lis the identity matrix of order 3 and 0
[0 02
1 01
1
the zero (Null) matrix of order 3. Hence find A'. [Ans. -1 2 -2 [2015)
0 0
9. Solve the following equations by matrix method : [Ans.x = 2; y= 1, z = 1][2016
3xy + 2x = 7
X+ 2y -z =3
X +y t z = 4.
-1 3 5
10. IfP= 1 -3 -5 show that P = P and then find Qsuch that 3P - 2P + Q = l, where I
-1 3 5
2 -3 -5
the unit martix of order 3. [Ans. Q=-1 4 5J[2016
5 4 -2
1-3 -4
11. If A = 4 5 show that A² - 11A + 101= 0. Where I and 0 are identity matrix and nu
2 -2
matrix of order 3 respectively. (2017
3
12. For
the two matrices Aand B, where A=|;and B-02 show that (AB) = BA
where A is the transpose of A etc. (2017
2 2
1 2 -2
13. If A = 2 1 -2, find A-'.
3 (Ans: 2 2 [2018
|-2 2 -I 3
|2 -2
-1 3
14. IfP = 1 -3 -5 show that, P = p. hence find the matrix Q where 3p -2p + Q = 1,lis th
3 +5|
2 -3 -5
identity matrix. [Ans: Q-1 5 [2018
-3 -4

0 1
15. If A= 2 -1 0 find A² and show that A² = A-!
(Ans.0 -1 2[2019)
1 0 0
|1 -1I
16. Verify that the matrix A= ,|2 -1 0 is an orthogonal matrix. [2019
1 0 0
 243
MACROECONOMICS AND ADVANCED BusINESSs MATHEMATICS <<
SOLVE BY MATRIX METHOD
method : x+2y+z = 4, x-y+z = 5,
Solvethe following equation by matrix 22
1. [Ans. x =
20
y= (2006]
2x+3y-2 = 1

C Essay Type
MATRICES

When aretwo
matrices Aand Bsaid to be conformable for the product AB?
Matrix AsB A0AB fAf 1yN?
2 3 6 -2 -3)
| 3 3; B=-1 I 0
12 4 (-1 0 Give
it, in general true for matrix multiplication?
Fualuate AB and also BA, check that AB = BA. Is
answer.
an example to justify your C a fTSTSA 3? Q4fo GACTA
AB 4R BA fAN PS| D sN0 (T AB = BA lmatrix atAA (Ans. AB = BAJ [1983]
inverse matrix fwo g
2. Find the inverse matrix of A.

A=|2 1 0 (Ans.-% % % ] (1984]

-1 1 2|
matrix F ;
3. AandBare two matrices where ATB -3 0 6
1 2 1 4 0
[Ans. 4 -2 4|]
A=1 -1 1 :B=| -1 2 2
2 3 -1) 0 0 2 -I 14 0
(1985]
Find value of AB - 2B (AIA fof )
Dmatrix fatg 0g RIa)
4. Determine the matrices A and B (A qR B
1 2 T2 -1 5|
(1986]
-3 3and 2A -B=2 -1
6
where A + 2B 6
|0 1 2
-5 3 0 -1
0 2|
[Ans. A = 2 - 3; B= 2 -1 0)
-2 I 0

fo 1 2
. Ifthematrix A =|1 2 3 FindA-! (1987]
|3 1. 1
fo 1 2| -6
2 323, VAA1aet (Ans.
I matrixA= 3

by the matrix
Verity that the matrix equation A² - 4A + 31=0 is satisfied
To 0
A=
| 2 -1 and 0 =
where I = |0 0|
-1 2 0
matrix jgA-4A + 31 atst matrix A
-

reTs

qR0= (1987, 2010)

244 Scroller Semester - V(Honours & General
[0
1 2| T2 -1 31
7. If matrix A=|| 2 3 and matrix B=-l 1 verifywhether AB = BA.

|3 1 1 3 1 4 [Ans. AB BA] (1983

2 -1 31
a A= | 2 3 4 B= -1 0 13. S150 AR18 A AB = BA.
3 11 3 1 4|
(2 5 3
8. If A=|3 1 be a square matrix, find Adj Aand A-.
|1 2 -1)
(2 5 3
qA =3 1 qofG4f matrix 2, t Adj AgR A-1fasf A| (1990]
1 2 -1)
-$ 11 7 -% Yso
[Ans. Adj. A = 5 -5 A1 =| Y% -%
5 1 -13,
9. Find where possible, A+B, A-B, AB and BA stating with reason where the
operations are not possible
4 2
2 3]
when A= and B=-3 0
1-1 5

4
2 3
A-) RB =|-3 0
(1991]
-1 S
3 71 f17 -17 1|
[Ans. A+B, A-B are not possible. AB = BA =-12 -6 3]
26 14|
11 -37 6
10. Determine the matrix A & Bwhere matrix A qTR Bfafs RAa)
2 0 [2 -1 5
A+2B = 6 -3 3 2A-B =2 -1 6
-5 3 1 0 1 2
and also calculate A-! and B-!. (A-l gR B-! fsf RR)
(1992, 2000]
0 21 2 -1 -1
[Ans. A=2 -1 3 B= 2 -1 0 % -½ -½|,det B = 0,,so B-' does Snot euist]
|-2 1 l-%
4 3 1) (-4 5 0
11.Given A = -3 -4 0.B = 2 | 3. Find (AB)-!
2 -S 2 0)
4 3 (-4 5 0)
CRGAITCE A = -3 -4 0.B= 2 (1993)
2 |-5 2 0) -
144
108 -129
17 -|4|]
[Ans. 156
l-199 -145 185J
 MACROECoONOMICS AND
ADVANCED BUsINESS
2 -1
MATHEMATICS 245
kamatrix Abe gven by A= then showthat P2_ 4A + 3| = 0
A4A+ 31 = 0 eA matrix A= 2)
2 I (2010]
13.Find
|the inverse of the matrix A=|1 -1
and hence solve the system of the equations x t 2y
2 3
+z=4, X-y+ z =5, 2x + 3y -z = 1.
|1 2
1 -1 1
A= matrix \Ug inverse matrix foag 3
|2 3 -1| gua at X+ 2y + z = 4, X-9 T
=5, 2x + 3y -z= 1 20 1 22
[Ans. x = 9y=&z=(1994]
[2 2
14.ItA= |4 3 show that AA=1, where A is inverse of Aand L, is the
second order unit matrx.
(1996]
[2 2|
A=
|4.3
matrix ivs (PA AG AA1=I,, RtAA'27Amatrix fog inverse gAR L, 7 ATNPAI
Fmatrix I
T6 2 7
[Ans. As I, is the 2nd order unit matrix.]
-5 -2 -8
15. If A=| 2 3 -1 andB =-1 -2 1 Find AT + B and also find its rank. (A and B are
3 4 5 -2|
3 |-3
the transposes of A and B respectively.)
-5 2 -81 T6 2 7
zfA = 2 3 -1 4R B=-1 -2 1

3 4 3 -3 5 -2|
|1 1 0
qRIACA AS B4g f s matrix; [Ans. 0 1 1 Rank = 2] [1996]
-1 0
-7 7
16.(4) IF A-2B = and A -3B

Find the matrices A and B. Hence obtain adjugate of B.

-
zfRA- 2B = -7 7 TR A-3B= 4 -13|
24, VAA qR B matrix (afu P|QU:s B 4g qGT
matrix fa I (1997]
3 [4 -21
[Ans. 4 2
B= Adj B=
2 4 6
(b) If A= and B = find the matrix X such that 3A+4B-2X=0.
|5 6 9
|2 4| [3 61
QR B =
5 9 9 181

3A+4B-2X=0. (xqo2x2 4sfta matrix qR 0 io 2x2U matrix) [Ans. % 271[1997)

(0 1 -2 1

17.IA =|1 2 3 and B=-1 then is BA defined? (1998]

2 3 4 2
Justify your answer. Also find A:!
246 Scroller Semester (Honours &
V
General)
0 1 -2) -2)
3 qRB = -1
2 3 4 2 -1)
-10 7
Ans. No. A= 4
4
2
18. Solve by matrix inversion method (matrix inversion foTYAAA P)
2x + y t z = 1, X-y + 22= -1, 3x + 2y-z=4 [Ans. x=1, y=0, z= -1] (19981
|2 S 3
19.If A=|3 1 verifyAA:1 = 1.
| | 2 -1|
[1998]
2 5 3
zI A=3 1 2,050T AA1 = 1
|I 2 -I
1 2 2
20. For the matrix A =
3
2 -2 FindA- theinverse of A. [1999)
-2 2 -1|
1 2 -21
[Ans. A- = 2 1 2
3
-1 3 5 2 -2 -1
21.If P = -3 -5 Show that P² = Pand hence find the matrix Q where
-1 3 5
3P2 -2P + Q = 1; Iis the unit matrix. Also find the rank of P
[-1 3 5
af P = 1
|-1 3 5
+O= I, Ig$ matrix | P A rank PS QA?
2 -3 -5]
[Ans. 4 Rank = 1] [1999]
-2
-3 -5|
22.(a) If A= 4 5 -2 : show that A- 11A+ 10| = 0, where Iand 0 are Jdentity matrix and IN
-2 -2 2

matrix of order 3respectively. Using the above result, find A- (assume that A exists.)
5 -2

zf A = 4 5 -23, SA(TIG A- 11A + 101 = 0, RRIA I qg 0TSPCA

-2 -2 2

matrix e Jmatrix q41 I

Dokno Rank' of amatrix. Using the definition, find 'Rank' of the matrix

4 5 6 -4 2 '2000
6 7
(Ans. (a) 30
-4 6 2| (b)
7 8 9 2 2 9
& Bwhere
(c) Determine thematrix A
 MACROECONOMICS AND ADVANCED BusINESS MATHEMATICS
1 2 01
K 247

[2 -1 5
A+2B = 6 -3 3 and
2A-B =2 -1 6
|-s 3 |0 I 2
0 2| 0 I-I|
[Ans. A=2 -I 3, B= 2 -1 0] (2000]
3 1 -2
show that A² 5A + 71 = 0. (2001]
3.A=-1 2)
3 1
TA= H, TI8 A-5A + 71 =0
-1 2)
2
and 2A + 3B =
24.IfA+ B= 0
find A and B.

4
sfA + B =
0 1)
QR 2A +3B =
-(6 , AqqR B A
[Ans.
|

(2 5 3 (-5 11 7
1
25. If A-1 =3 1 2 find A(Ae *). [Ans. 5 -5 5 ](2001]
30
1 2 -1) 1 -13)
26. Corect or justifythe statement: If Aand Bare two matrices such that A+B and AB are both defined,
then Aand B are both square matrices of same order.

[Ans. Correct] [2002]

2 3 4

27.Find the Rank of the matrix 1 -1 3 and hence state with reason whether the system of equations
1 -7)
{2x + 3y+ 4z = 0, x-y -3z = 0, 5x +y-72=4}is solved or not. [2002]
(2 3 4
|1 -1 -3 matrix (og AIgt fa gRTI E TG A{ 2z + 3y + 4z=0, x-y- 3z = 0, 5x
5 1 -7)

[Ans. Rank = 3: As minor of order 3 is not zero, system of equations is solvable]

2 1 2 1

28.If A=1 -4 1 B=| -1

3 0 -3) 2 -1)
2x+y+z=5. X-y=0.
Ohow that AB =61, (L, is the identity matrix of order 3). Utilise this result to solve {
2x+y-z=1}
1 2 (2 1
I7 A=1 -4 1 B=1 -1 QX, 9 reG AB = 6l, (4, 223ACAA matrix q¢)
3 -3) |2 1 -1)
2x+y+z=5, X-y=0, 2x+y-z=1 } t A1[Ans. x=1, y=1, z =2][2002]
29.Find the values of x, y, z when the following matrices AandB are
equal.

matrix A
qR B
Z-4
[Ans. x = 1, y= 2, z = 3] [2003]
|z-y x+z+4|
 Scroller Semester - V(Honours &
248
30.If the matrix Asatisfles A-A + |= 0when I
is the unit matrix and Ois a zero matrix
prove
General)
exist and equal to I-A. that A

matrix qt 0 M
qpi Umatrix)

31. Veritythat the matrix A

- 2
-2 1 2
2
is an orthogonal matrix.
(20031
3
2 2
- 2 -21
matrix A=

[Hints. A.A = Iwhere I = ldentity matrix ]

QLA A
32.II A*-; find matrix A & verify your result. A-! = 4|7

33. Find the matrix X such that 3A + 4B -2X = 0,

[Ans. 21i0 3] (2003)
Where 6 and
[2004)
34. Find the rank of the matrix
1 10 S]
-2 [Ans. Rank of the Matrix = 3][20041
4 0

35.Express the quadratic form 3x²-4xy + 5y² as a product of matrices involving a symmetric co-efficient
matrix and find the nature of the quadratic form.
[Ans. x. y positive definite] [2004]
[41 8 41
36. 1f [Ans. A= -12 1] [2004)
2x-3y +4z -4)
37.Solve by matrix inversion method y-4z+2
X+z
[Ans. x=-1;y = 2, z = 1] (2004)
38. Solve by inverting the coefficient matrix:
3x + y + z = 1
2x + 22 = 0
5x + y+ 22 = 2 [Ans. x=1; y=-1; z= -1][2007]
2 -1 2
39.Find the inverse of 1 2 -3 and hence solve the system of
2x y+2z = - 8 3 -1 -4
equations
x + 2y-3z = 9
3x -y4z = 3 (2019, Sem.-V][2010]
-11 -6 -1
[Ans. A-= -5 -14
31 Z-1; y =2and z =-21
I 2 2 -7 -1
40. Show that the matrix A = 2 1 2
satisfy the equation A 2-4A -51 = 0, where I is a 3x3 1de
matrix. Hence find A - |2 2 (2012)

[-% %
[Ans.:% -% 5