@ Transition Planning
@ Transition Planning
Risk Assessments
Presented by:
1
AGENDA
SPD Mission Statement
Case Manager’s Role in Risk Management
Transition Planning
Options and Requirements for assessing risks
Risk Assessment Tools & Identifying Risks
Implementing interventions to mitigate risks
What to do when risks cannot be mitigated
Risk section of the CAPS Client Details
STEPS - Benefits of using this program
Natural Supports
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SPD Mission Statement
The SPD mission is to make it possible to
become independent, healthy and safe
SPD contributes to the DHS mission by
helping seniors and people with disabilities
of all ages achieve well-being through
opportunities for community living,
employment, family support and services
that promote independence, choice and
dignity
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Case Manager’s Role in Risk Mgmt
Identify individuals at risk
Identify what risk factors the individual has
Work with individual to eliminate or
minimize the risks
Monitor & continue to offer options over
time, to assist the individual in evaluating
risks and developing a plan
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Transition Planning – What is it?
Transitioning happens when:
Clients move from one care setting to another
Changes occur in the service plan
Services are closed
Services are reduced
Client accepts less than the assessed in-home
hours
The client chooses not to accept services
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Transition Planning –
Why is it necessary?
To successfully move from one service setting to another
Identify available resources:
For individuals that need to transition into a new living situation
when services are closed
When SPD or a AAA can no longer offer the same level of
services
For individuals that are institutionalized, such as nursing
facilities – this is a CMS requirement
CMS waiver requirement to identify risks & to minimize
or eliminate risks
For individuals not receiving services, assist in eliminating
or reducing risks, such as for Risk Intervention services
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Assessing Risks
Requirement:
Assessing and identifying risks
Work with individual to eliminate or reduce risks
Documenting risks in the Client Details RISK
section of CAPS
Options of tools to use for assessing Risks:
Risk Assessment Tools discussed in this Netlink
located on the CM Website
Risk Assessment Tool that your SPD/AAA local
office recommends
Assess and mitigate RISKS by directly entering
the info into the Client Details Risks section of
CAPS
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Risk Assessment Tools
Case Management Website
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1. Physical Functioning
No Risk
Capable of all ADLs and IADLs
Low Risk
Minimal physical challenges, such as hearing
loss
Capable of completing most ADL and IADLs
Need for minimal ADL and IADL assistance
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Physical Functioning – continued….
Moderate Risk
Reduced physical abilities, such as:
Partial loss of hand or some arm movement
limitations
Requires use of assistive devices, such as a walker
or cane
Hands on assistance to ambulate
14
Physical Functioning – continued….
High Risk
Severe physical capability
Bedridden
Chronic diseases
Severe physical challenges
Incapable of most or all ADLs and IADLs
Totally dependent on others
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2. Mental & Emotional Functioning
No Risk
No apparent mental or emotional limitations
observed or reported
Low Risk
Minimal mental or emotional challenges
Willing & cooperative to accept needed
assistance
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Mental & Emotional Functioning
– continued….
Moderate Risk
Exhibits some abnormal behaviors, such as
paranoid ideation, but is able maintain ADLs
Decompensating Mental & Emotional
functioning
Resistive to needed services
History of unstable depression
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Mental & Emotional Functioning
– continued….
High Risk
Developmental disability
Suicidal ideation
Depression
Hostile
Violent
Acting out
Expresses paranoid ideation
Withdrawn
Inappropriate laughter or crying
Refuses needed services
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3. Cognitive Functioning
No Risk
No apparent Cognitive impairment
No observed or reported cognitive issues,
such as confusion & memory issues
Low Risk
Mild forgetfulness, but remembers to pay rent
& utilities
Anxiety over forgetfulness
Willing to accept services
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Cognitive Functioning – continued….
Moderate Risk
Periodic confusion
Impaired reasoning
Inappropriate answers to some questions
Sometimes forgets to pay rent & utilities
Resists offers of guidance, won’t use public
transportation or give up driving
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Cognitive Functioning – continued….
High Risk
Considerable or severe confusion
Disoriented to person, place or time
Forgets to pay rent & utilities
Incapable of preparing meals & forgets to eat
Deny confusion
Refuses needed services
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4. Behavioral Issues
No Risk
No apparent problems with behaviors
No indication or known substance or alcohol
abuse problems
Low Risk
Minor problem behaviors
History of substance or alcohol abuse, but no
current abuse
Willing to accept assistance
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Behavioral Issues – continued….
Moderate Risk
Moderate problem behaviors, such as
Taking medications intermittently or choosing not
to follow medical recommendations
Failure to make or keep doctor’s appointment
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Behavioral Issues – continued….
High Risk
Severe problem behaviors that place
individual at risk, such as
Wandering
Current substance or alcohol abuse/addiction
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5. Income/Financial Issues
No Risk
Adequate income to provide for necessities
Financially independent
Low Risk
Adequate income for necessities only
Financial dependence upon others for
emergency expenses, etc.
25
Income/Financial Issues – continued….
Moderate Risk
Major financial dependence on others
Barely able to provide for life’s necessities
Sometimes must choose between necessities,
such as medicine or food
History of financial exploitation
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Income/Financial Issues – continued….
High Risk
Totally dependent upon others financially
or
Has adequate income but unable or unwilling
to provide for life’s necessities
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II. Environmental Factors
6. Safety/Cleanliness of Residence/Facility
7. Service plan meets individual’s Physical
& Medical need
8. In-Home Service Plan meets
individual’s Mental/ Emotional/
Behavioral needs
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6. Safety/Cleanliness of Residence/ Fac..
No Risk
Structure appears sound and sanitary
No major repairs needed
No exposed trash or odor
No threat of eviction
Low Risk
Sound structure but old & needs some repairs, such
as painting
Utilities operative
Sanitary, but undesirable housekeeping standards,
such as odor from trash, thick dust, etc…
Threat of eviction
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Safety/Cleanliness of Residence/Fac…
- continued….
Moderate Risk
Deteriorating structure
Safety problems posing a degree of risk
Unsanitary conditions
Animal droppings or pest infestation or
undisposed garbage
Interruption of utilities
Access issues, such as steep stairs
Threat of eviction
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Safety/Cleanliness of Residence/Fac…
- continued….
High Risk
Unsound or condemned structure
Serious health risks, such as severe
pest/rodent infestation
Human and/or pet waste present
Utilities terminated or inoperative
Residence poses problems that place the
individual at immediate high risk, such as no
heat or water, caved-in ceiling
Eviction in progress
Homeless
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7. Service plan meets individual’s
Physical & Medical needs
No Risk
Service plan meets all of client’s medical and
physical needs and
Client accepts care/services
Low Risk
Some minor or occasional issues with
care/service provisions, but client’s basic
medical/physical needs are met
No threat of eviction based on a lack of
service assistance
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Service plan meets individual’s Physical
& Medical need – continued….
Moderate Risk
Service plan fails to meet some medical or
physical needs or
Refuses some needed care, but risk to
individual’s health is not serious or imminent
Threat of eviction
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Service plan meets individual’s Physical
& Medical need – continued….
High Risk
Client at serious or imminent risk due to
inadequacy of in-home or facility services
meeting critical needs
or
Client refuses critical physical or medical
care
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8. Care Plan Meets Mental/Emotional/
Behavior Needs
No Risk
Service plan meets all mental/ emotional/
behavioral needs and
Individual accepts services
Low Risk
Some minor or occasional issues with service
provisions, but individual’s basic mental/
emotional/ behavioral needs are met
No threat of eviction
36
Care Plan Meets Mental/Emotional/
Behavior Needs – continued….
Moderate Risk
Service plan fails to meet some mental,
emotional or behavioral needs or
Individual refuses some needed care, but risk
to client’s health is not serious or imminent
Threat of eviction
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Care Plan Meets Mental/Emotional/
Behavior Needs – continued….
High Risk
Individual is at serious or imminent risk, due
to inadequacy of in-home or facility
care/services because of critical emotional/
behavioral needs or problems
Client refuses critical services
Eviction in progress/behavioral.
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III. Support Factors
9. Adequacy/Availability of Informal
Support
10. Access to Needed Care/Services, such as
Medical, MH, Transportation, Telephone,
Emergency Response System, etc…
40
9. Adequacy/Availability of Nat Support
No Risk
Family, friends or other supports are actively
involved to assist, and client accepts
assistance
Low Risk
Family, friends or other supports are
concerned but provide only limited assistance
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Adequacy/Availability of Nat. Support
– continued….
Moderate Risk
Family, friends or other supports are:
Unreliable
Provide little or no help
42
Adequacy/Availability of Nat. Support
– continued….
High Risk
Family, friends or other supports:
Interfere with individual’s needs being met
Are abusive/neglectful
Are estranged
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10. Access to needed Services
No Risk
No formal services needed or
Has unimpeded access to all needed services
Low Risk
No physician/MH care, but no apparent
medical / mental health needs
Generally willing to seek services
Transportation problematic but available
44
Access to needed Services
– continued….
Moderate Risk
Has medical / mental health needs but does
not have or cannot access assistance for it
Transportation problematic
Limited access to phone or other methods of
summoning help
Somewhat resistant to needed service
45
Access to needed Services
– continued….
High Risk
Has significant medical / mental health needs
but receives no care, or refuses available care
Transportation unavailable or client refuses to
use it
No phone or is too confused to use it
No Emergency Response System (ERS) or
refuses to use it
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Implementing Risk Interventions
For the three areas of identified Risk Factors:
Client Factors
Environmental Factors
Support Factors
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Implementing Interventions based
on the Risk Assessment Tool
Risk Assessment Tool Guidelines
Use your professional judgment & common sense:
Frequency & type of contact
Reducing or Eliminating risk factors for Low, Moderate
or High Risk Individuals
Tool is not a requirement
Guidelines for using the tool is not a requirement
Risks section of Client Details is a requirement
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Case Manager’s Role in
Risk Intervention
Minimize or eliminate risk
Offer choices and options
Evaluate and Identify Natural Supports
Refer to community resources or programs available
Home Delivered Meals
Adult Day Services
Emergency Response System
Community Health Support services, previously called CRN
ADRC-Aging & Disability Resource Connection website
www.ADRCofOregon.org
Monitor and continue to offer options over time
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Aging & Disability Resource of Oregon
ARDC website has information:
FAQ about ARDC
Self-assessment of needs
Learn about Community Services & Resources
Get connected to Services
Find Oregon’s Licensed Facilities
Local Assistance and Help
Other Resources, such as CMS or other agency
info
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Risks that cannot be mitigated
Continue periodic monitoring
Continue to offer interventions and
solutions to minimize the risk
Discuss the risks with the individual
Document in CAPS Client Details – Risk
section:
The individual’s ability to understand & accept or
decline any plan or intervention
Document which items the individual accepted &
refused
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Risks - Client Details
Plan/Comments
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Risks - Client Details
Plan/Comments … continued
Identify risks needing clarification
Identify how each risk is or is not going to be resolved
Explain solutions offered to minimize the risk
After the risk has been discussed with the individual,
document the individual’s ability to understand and
accept or decline any plan or intervention
Document which items the individual accepted and refused
Enter the name, address & phone number of person that is
assisting with the risk and how this person will assist the
individual
Used for CAPS2 Emergency Concerns Report – next slide
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CAPS2
Emergency Concerns Report
Risk section of CAPS Client Details
Must select Power Outage, Natural Disaster/
Extreme Weather:
Only 3 selections that carry over to the report
Only select if the individual needs prompt response
Develop contingency plan for in-home plans
CBC or nursing Facilities are responsible to
develop contingency plans for emergencies
Document in the CAPS Risks Plan/Comments
54
Addl Requirements & Guidelines
continued from previous slide
55
STEPS to SUCCESS
with your
Homecare Worker
56
Do you want your
clients to manage
in-home services
more independently?
57
STEPS Benefits Case
Managers…
♦ Clients better understand employer
role and responsibilities
♦ Fewer calls about homecare worker
(HCW) issues
♦ Decreased HCW turnover
♦ Follow-up and collaboration
58
STEPS Benefits Consumer-Employers…
Learn and improve employer skills
Gain confidence in ability to hire and
supervise HCWs
Feel ownership of process
Assume control over and responsibility
for quality of services and daily life
♦ Access CIL information and referral and
other services
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The guiding principle of
STEPS:
Choice
+ Responsibility
Empowerment
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CONSUMER
CHOICE RESPONSIBLITIES
Hiring homecare Client-Employed Provider
worker Program Participation
Daily schedule Agreement (SDS 0737)
Priorities Communicating
Budgeting service expectations
hours Maintaining appropriate
How and when boundaries
authorized services Planning for home safety
will be provided and emergencies
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How STEPS Promotes Success
Reviewing rights and responsibilities
Encouraging informed choices
Providing written guides and forms,
including job descriptions,
employment agreements, and
more…
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What does the STEPS curriculum
include?
Understanding the Service Plan and Task List
Creating job descriptions
Locating employees
Interviewing and completing reference checks
Selecting the best Homecare Worker for the job
Creating an Employment Agreement
Training, supervising and communicating
effectively with employees
Ensuring that work is performed satisfactorily…
63
Curriculum, continued
Maintaining employment records
Scheduling and tracking authorized hours
worked
Approving paid leave and unexpected absences
Recognizing, discussing and attempting to
correct any employee performance deficiencies
Discharging unsatisfactory workers
Developing a backup plan for coverage of
services
Making the home a safe place for consumer-
employers and employees
64
STEPS Tools For
Day-to-day
Management
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Services and Tasks Worksheet
Services Tasks (describe the routine you like?
1.
3.
66
DAILY TASK CHECKLIST
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Homecare Worker Daily Sign-In Sheet
Date HCW Time in Time out Daily Employee Employer
Name Hours Initials Initials
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What
case managers
say about
STEPS…
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STEPS helps my clients:
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My clients have learned about:
their rights and responsibilities
how to interact with the HCW
how to communicate needs in a
forthright and non-apologetic way
how to direct their own services
how to get started on their own safety
plan.
71
The program helps clients who:
habitually make
questionable
decisions about
hiring/firing HCWs
are taking direction
from workers rather
than the other way
around.
72
Who benefits
most from
STEPS?
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Clients who are new to in-home
services
Designated representatives
Frequent callers
Those who employ family
members or friends
74
Refer clients when…
the service plan changes
there is frequent HCW turnover
things are going well!
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How is STEPS provided?
Workshops
One-to-one sessions
Optional “Guide-on-the-
Side” follow-up
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Workshop Scheduling
Provide contact information to
Center for Independent Living
The STEPS Coordinator will…
9 arrange one or more workshops
9 contact consumer-employers
9 follow up with you as needed
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Workshop Mailing: Brochure and “Ticket”
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Individual Referrals
Visit www.oregon.gov/DHS/STEPS
Click STEPS locations at bottom of page, then:
• Call Coordinator (numbers are in Contact list by county) OR
• Download Referral Form to fax or email
STEPS to SUCCESS with Your Homecare Worker
Referral Form
Case Manager Information
Name:
Branch:
Phone Number:
Fax Number:
Email:
Yes No
Do you wish to receive a progress update?
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A STEPS Specialist will…
1. prepare a list of HCWs, if needed
2. meet with client and/or representative
3. stress employer responsibilities and
how to use the task list
4. provide feedback to you on consumer-
employer’s progress
5. schedule follow-up appointments as
needed
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Take the first STEPS…
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Natural Supports
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Evaluating Natural Supports in
new and long-standing cases:
Emphasis on good assessment of natural
supports at the initial intake
Must evaluate natural supports on-going:
May not be any new natural supports
Natural support may no longer be available or
sufficient
May reduce services based on new supports
May close services based on new supports
84
What are Natural Supports?
OAR 411-015-0005(20) & 411-030-0020(30)
Informal, unpaid resources
Relatives/Family
Friends
Neighbors
Roommates
Significant others
Community resources or agencies
Senior Centers
Advocacy and Support Groups
Churches
Home Delivered or congregate meals
Emergency Response Systems
Veterans Services
Veterans Services
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Case Manager Role in Natural Supports
1. Assess existing supports
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The Case Management Role
1. Assessing existing supports
Establish natural supports at the initial service
assessment (also for on-going assessments)
Difficult to reduce paid services once they have been
previously authorized.
Establish natural supports for on-going assmts
Determine who is involved in the individual’s
support system?
What kind of help do these supports provide?
What are the community resources, if any, and do
they currently meet some or all of the needs?
87
Case Management Role (continued)
2. Exploring potential new informal
supports
Are there support persons who might be
willing to do extra tasks?
Are there supports living with or near the
client who might provide help?
Is the client involved in any community
organizations who might be able to provide
some help?
88
Case Management Role (Continued)
3. Identifying community resources that
could decrease need for paid services
Senior Centers
Advocacy and Support Groups
Churches, synagogues
Home-delivered or congregate meals
Emergency Response Systems
Veterans Services
ADRC-Aging & Disability Resource Connection
website (discussed in an earlier slide)
89
Case Management Role (continued)
4. Do Not replace or supplant natural
supports
Build a plan to supplement existing
resources – for initial & on-going services
Do NOT pay persons already providing
unpaid care
Do NOT remove unpaid support persons
and replace them with paid providers
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Pitfalls and Assumptions
Do Not assume Natural Supports are:
Available
Sufficient
Reliable or
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Pitfalls and Assumptions
Pitfalls Assumption
Family lives with client & They will meet all the
help some needs
Family lives with client & They are available to meet
is unemployed all the needs
Family is providing services They will continue to be
now available
Roommates or others in the They will help out & can
Household automatically be
considered a natural
support
92
** Look around and observe **
Natural supports may exist when:
Medication placed in weekly pill box
The apartment is clean and neat
Laundry and clothes are folded and put away
Mail is on the counter
Family photos walls
Neighbor asks why you are there
Refrigerator has plenty of food and leftovers
Cupboards are well stocked with food
93
Considerations when
Assessing Natural Supports
Who is in the individual’s life?
What are they doing for the individual now?
What could they be doing, if asked?
Is the support providing all the services unpaid?
Is the support willing to provide some unpaid
hours, if we pay for other hours?
Are their concerns about the support person’s
skills to provide paid care?
Evaluate what needs will likely be met anyway
even if we don’t pay for them.
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Discussion Questions for Assessing
Informal Supports
What are you doing for your (relative, neighbor,
friend) now?
How long have you been providing that
assistance?
What kinds of things are you able to help your
(relative, friend, neighbor) with?
Is there any reason you would not be able to
continue providing that assistance?
Were you providing these services up until now?
If so, what has changed?
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What to ask when exploring potential
new Informal Supports
When you do your own shopping, can you pick
up items for the client?
What services can you continue to provide?
Are you meeting your own housekeeping needs,
and preparing your own meals? If so, can you
also provide these services for the client since
you live in the same home?
Do you cook, eat, shop together?
Can you pick up the client’s prescriptions when
you go to the pharmacy to pick up your own
medications?
96
Payment Considerations
Situations when some level of payment may be
appropriate:
“My health is failing and I can’t provide the care
anymore.”
“I can’t afford to provide care for my relative
anymore. I need to get a job to make ends meet.”
“I am too burned out to keep providing the kind of
help I am doing now.”
“I prefer the natural support to provide for my
personal care, instead of a complete stranger.”
May pay for hours for remaining unmet needs
97
Common statements focused on Payment
rather than Service needs
“If I don’t get paid for providing care, then I am
going to stop doing it.”
“I won’t be able to make my house payment if I
can’t be paid as the clients provider.”
“My neighbor’s niece is getting paid and all she
does is my neighbor’s laundry.”
“If you are going to pay someone else why can’t
you pay me?”
“The client and I just got married. Can I continue
to get paid?”
98
Common Statements which will lead you
to ask more clarifying questions
“I’d like to get paid for taking care of my
relative.”
“I do everything for my relative.”
“Yes, my father lives with me but he doesn’t help
me at all. “
“My roommate only takes care of his half of the
house.”
“My daughter has her own family to take care
of.”
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Factors in payment decisions:
Consider the whole context of the situation
100
Payment Factors to consider
Extent of care needs
Support availability
Support distance: is support right next door or
coming across town just to provide help?
Client preferences
Personal care and intimacy concerns
Language and communication
Cost effectiveness
Adaptive equipment/community resources
101
RAFH and Natural Supports
RAFH is an all or nothing payment
Consider natural supports prior to setting up RAFH:
Is it cost effectiveness?
Does the current situation support the plan?
Do NOT set up a RAFH when:
Relative provides for all services as a natural support
Relative doesn’t want to be paid for any needs, and
meets all the needs of the client
In-home plan with outside provider can be set up
for unmet needs within the relative’s home as long
as the relative is not paid for any services in the
plans
102
Community Resources that may
Decrease need for service hours:
Emergency Response Systems
Home-Delivered Meals
Assistive devices/service animals
Lifespan Respite
Family Caregiver Support
Older Americans Act/OPI programs
Commission for the Blind
Other resources that may replace or reduce
a need for a paid service
103
Why Evaluate Natural Supports?
OAR 411-015-0000 Purpose
To serve the most functionally impaired
107
Websites
SPD Case Management Tools
http://www.dhs.state.or.us/spd/tools/cm/index.htm