10

Mathematics
Quarter 1 - Module 2:
Illustrating an Arithmetic
Sequence

CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

Mathematics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter I – Module 2: Illustrating an Arithmetic Sequence
First Edition, 2019

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 10

Mathematics
Quarter I - Module 2:
Illustrating an Arithmetic
Sequence

1
CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2
 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter of your choice on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is a correct description of an arithmetic sequence?

a. A term is obtained by multiplying a constant number from the
preceding term.
b. A term is obtained by squaring the preceding term.
c. A term is obtained by adding a constant number to the preceding
term.
d. A term is obtained by extracting the square root of the preceding
term.

2. Which of the following is the common difference of the arithmetic sequence

4, 7, 10, 13, …?
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3

3. What is the common difference in the sequence: -4, 3, 10, 17, …?

a. 1 b. -7 c. 7 d. -1

4. Which of the following is the missing term of the arithmetic sequence

-1, -7, _____, -19, -25, …?
a. -10 b. -11 c. -12 d. -13

5. Which of the following of the common difference of the arithmetic sequence -

1, -8, -15, -22, …?
a. -5, b. -6 c. -7 d. -8

6. Which of the following is the common difference in the arithmetic sequence

, 1, 1 , 2, …?
a. b. c. d.

7. Which of the following is an arithmetic sequence?

a. -7, 4, 15,26,. . . c. 21, 15, 9, 2, . . .
b. -8, -6, -4, 0, … d. 4, -1, -7, -13, . . .

8. Which of the following is the common difference of an arithmetic sequence

𝑎2 = 1, 𝑎5 = 7?
whose

a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

2 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

9. Which of the following is the common difference of the arithmetic sequence
3a -1, 3a, 3a + 1, … ?
a. -a b. a c. -1 d. 1

10. Which of the following is the first positive term of the arithmetic sequence
-8, -6, -4, …?
a. 0 b.2 c.4 d. 6

11. Which of the following is the value of a to make 3a +1, 4a, 6a + 1, … an

arithmetic sequence?
a. -2 b. -1 c. 0 d. 1

12. Which of the following is not an arithmetic sequence?

a. 2, 4, 6, 8, … c. 3, 6, 12, 24,…
b. 4.1, 11.1, 18.1,… d. 5, 10, 15, 20, …

13. Which of the following is not an arithmetic sequence?

a. 4, 7, 10, 13, … c. 100, 98, 96, 94, …
b. -2, -6, -10, -14, … d. -4,-3, 10, 17, …

14. Which of the following is not true about the arithmetic sequence
5, 3, 1, -1, -3, …
a. 𝑎2 = -3

𝑎6 = -5
b. the common difference is -2
c.
d. one way to obtain a term, -2 must be added to the preceding
term.

15. I was advised by my physician to walk each day in the morning as my daily
exercise. On my first day, I walked 40m. On the second and third day, I
walked 60m and 80m, respectively, and so on. Which of the following is the
distance I walked on the 10th day if I continue the pattern in my daily walk?
a. 180 m b. 200 m c. 220 m d. 240 m

3 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

 Lesso
Illustrates An arithmetic
n 1 Sequence

What’s In

In the previous module, you have learned that a sequence is an arrangement of

objects, numbers or even figures which follows a certain pattern. Also, you have
learned about the processes in finding patterns of any sequence.

Look at the sequences below. Can you see the specific pattern they follow?

2, 4, 6, 8, … 3, 6, 12, 24, … 5, 10, 15, 20, …

Let us try to give emphasis on the differences you observed as we proceed with
this module.

What’s New

Look at the following sequences. What is the pattern you observed in each
sequence?

Sequences Pattern

4 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

 1. 2, 4, 6, 8, … A term is obtained by adding 2 to the
preceding term.
2. 3, 6, 12, 24, … A term is obtained by multiplying 2 to the
preceding term.
3. 5, 10, 15, 20, … A term is obtained by adding 5 to the
preceding term.

What is It

Observe the following sequences:

1. 4, 7, 10, 13, …

2. 33, 38, 43, 48, …

3. -2, -6, -10, -14, …

4. 100, 98, 96, 94, …

5. , 1, 1 , 2, …
Can you give the next two terms of the above sequences? How did you get those
terms?

If you get 16 and 19 in item 1, then you are correct. Notice that a constant
number 3 is added to the preceding term to get the next term. To get the next
term in item 2, 5 is added to the preceding term. To get the next term in items 3,
4 and 5, the numbers -4, -2, and are added to the preceding term, respectively.

Notice that to get the next term in each of the sequences above, a constant or a
common number is added to the preceding term or the number before it. The
constant number being added is called the common difference and we represent
it as d. All these sequences are called arithmetic sequences.

subtract • the second term (𝑎2) by the first term (𝑎1),

To find the common difference (d), you can simply

𝑎2 - 𝑎1, or
the third term (𝑎3)by the second term (𝑎2),
𝑎3 - 𝑎2 , or
•

• the fourth term (𝑎4)by the third term (𝑎3),

5 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

 𝑎4- 𝑎3, or
• in general, a term (𝑎𝑛) by its preceding term (𝑎𝑛−1) 𝑑 = 𝑎𝑛 − 𝑎𝑛−1.

Arithmetic
Sequences
A sequence in which term after the first is formed by adding a fixed number
to the preceding term is arithmetic
called . The fixed number
or constant
is called the common difference denoted
sequence �. by
�

What’s More

Activity 1:
From the discussion on arithmetic sequence earlier, solve the problems that
follows.

1. Determine if the sequence is arithmetic or not. If it is, find the common

difference and the next three terms of the sequence.
-4, 3, 10, 17, …
Solution:
a. To find out if the sequence is arithmetic, there must be a common

𝑎2 - 𝑎1 = 3 – (-4)
difference between any two consecutive terms in the sequence.

=7

𝑎3 - 𝑎2 = 10 – (3)
=7

𝑎4 - 𝑎3 = 17 – 10
=7

Because there is a common difference between consecutive terms, the

sequence is arithmetic.

6 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

 b. Since the common difference is 7, the next three terms are obtained by

𝑎5 = 𝑎4 + 7
adding 7 to the preceding term.

= 17 + 7
= 24

𝑎6 = 𝑎5 + 7
= 24 + 7
= 31

𝑎7 = 𝑎6+ 7
= 31 + 7
= 38

Thus, the common difference is 7 and the next three terms are 24, 31,
38.

2. Write the first five terms of the arithmetic sequence with 5 as the first term
and with a common difference of -2.

𝑎1 = 5
Solution:
First term:

Second term: 𝑎2 = 𝑎1 + (-2)

=5–2

𝑎3= 𝑎2 + (-2)
=3
Third term:
=3–2
=1

Fourth term: 𝑎4 = 𝑎3 + (-2)

=1–2
= -1

Fifth term: 𝑎5 = 𝑎4 + (-2)

= -1 – 2
= -3
To get a term, we added the common difference or the constant to the
preceding term. So, the first five terms of the sequence are 5, 3, 1, -1, and
-3.

3.Find the common difference in an arithmetic sequence whose 𝑎2 = 1, 𝑎5 = 7.

Solution:

a. Remember that to find a term we add the common difference 𝑑,

𝑎3 = 𝑎2 + 𝑑
to the preceding term. For instance,
Equation 1
𝑎4= 𝑎3 + 𝑑
𝑎5 = 𝑎4 + 𝑑
Equation 2
Equation 3.

7 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

 b. Substitute 𝑎3 in Equation 1 to Equation 2
𝑎4= 𝑎3 + 𝑑
𝑎4= (𝑎2 + 𝑑) + 𝑑
𝑎4= 𝑎2 + 2𝑑 Equation 4

c. Substitute 𝑎4 in Equation 4 to Equation 3

𝑎5 = 𝑎4 + 𝑑
𝑎5 = (𝑎2 + 2𝑑) + 𝑑
𝑎5 = 𝑎2 + 3𝑑 Equation 5

𝑎5 = 𝑎2 + 3𝑑
d. Substitute the given in Equation 5

7 = 1 + 3𝑑 Equation 6

e. Solve for 𝑑 in Equation 6.

7 = 1 + 3𝑑
6 = 3𝑑
2= 𝑑

So, the common difference, 𝑑 is 2.

4. Find the common difference of the arithmetic sequence

3a -1, 3a, 3a + 1, …

Solution:

difference 𝑑 is a term minus the preceding term. Thus

a. We must remember that in an arithmetic sequence, the common

𝑑 = 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 Equation 1 or
𝑑 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 Equation 2

𝑑 = 3a – (3a -1)
b. If we use Equation 1 and substitute the given, we have

𝑑
c. If we simplify, we obtain
=
1.
So, the common difference is 1.

5. Find the value of a to make 3a +1, 4a, 6a + 1, … an arithmetic sequence?

Solution:

common difference 𝑑 is a term minus the preceding term. Thus 𝑑 =

a. We must again remember that in an arithmetic sequence, the

𝑎2 − 𝑎1 Equation 1 and 𝑑 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 Equation 2

𝑑 = 4a – (3a + 1) Equation 3
b. If we substitute the given in Equation 1 and Equation 2,

𝑑 = (6a + 1) – 4a Equation 4

8 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

 c. Equate Equation 3 and Equation 4
4a – (3a + 1) = (6a + 1) – 4a

d. Combine similar terms

a – 1 = 2a + 1

e. Further simplify
-2 = a

Thus, the value of a is -2.

6. I was advised by my physician to walk each day in the morning as a daily

exercise. On the first day, I walked 40m. On the second and third day, I
walked 60m and 80m, respectively, and so on. Which of the following is the
distance I walked on the 10th day if I continue the pattern in my daily walk?
Solution:
a. If we analyze the problem, 40m, 60m, 80m, … follows an
arithmetic sequence since there is a common difference which is
equivalent to
20. Dropping the unit, the given could be written as follows
40 , 60, 80, …

b. Continuing this pattern until the 10 th term, we have

40 , 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 220, …

Thus, in the 10th day, the distance travelled is 220 m.

Activity:
Find the common difference and the next three terms of each arithmetic
sequence. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
Common Difference Next 3 Terms
_________ 1. 24, 14, 4, ___,
___, ___
2. 6, 10, 14, ___,
_________ ___, ___
_________ 3. -7, 4, 15, ___, ___, ____
_________ 4. 21, 15, 9, ___, ___, ___

_________ 5. -8, -6, -4, ___, ___, ___

_________ 6. 5, -1, -7, ___, ___, ___

7. 4.1, 11.1, 18.1, ___, ___,
_________
___
_________ 8. -1, -8, -15, ___, ___, ___
9. -3x, -10x, -17x ___, ___,
_________
___
10. 3a -1, 3a, 3a + 1,
_________ ______, ______, ______

9 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

 What I Have Learned

Answer the questions that follows on your answer sheet.

a. What is an arithmetic sequence?

b. How do we get the next terms of an arithmetic sequence?

What I Can Do

There is Math Around Us

Arithmetic sequence can be observed around us. Like the following fare rate for
first 4 kms of a modernized PUJ under General Community Quarantine released
by LTFRB last April 24, 2020.
Distance Fare
First kilometer 11.00
Second kilometer 12.50
Third kilometer 14.00
Fourth kilometer 15.50
If we compute the increase of fare for every increase of kilometer distance, they
are all equivalent to 1.50. With this, the fare rate is an example of an arithmetic
sequence.

Aside from examples involving money, identify three situations or three things
that you see or observe in your surroundings that illustrate an arithmetic
sequence. Write your answer in your answer sheet.

Assessment
Choose the letter that you think best answers the question. Write your answer on
your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following describes an arithmetic sequence?

a. A sequence in which a term is formed by adding any number to the
preceding term.
b. A sequence in which there is an equal difference between consecutive
terms.
c. A sequence in which a term minus the preceding term is always positive.
d. A sequence in which terms follows a pattern.

10 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

2. Which of the following is the common difference in the sequence
0, 4, 8, 12, …?
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d.4

3. Which of the following is the common difference in the sequence

3, -2, -7, …?
a.1 b. -5 c. 5 d. -1

4. Which of the missing term in this arithmetic sequence:

23, 18, 13, 8, 3, _____, -7, -12,… ?
a.-2 b. 2 c. -5 d. 5

5. Which of the following is the common difference in the sequence:

-7, -4, -1, 2, 5,…?
a.-3 b. 3 c. 4 d. -4

6.Which of the following is the common difference in the arithmetic sequence:

3, , , ,…?
a. b. c. d. 4

7. Which of the following is an arithmetic sequence?

a.1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9… c. 1, -1, -3, -5…
b.1, 10, 20, 30… d. 7, -7, 7, -7 …

sequence if 𝑎3 = 4 and 𝑎5 = 14?

8. Which of the following is the common difference of an arithmetic

a.6 b. 5 c. 4 d. 3

9. Which of the following is the common difference of the arithmetic

sequence 7p + 2, 5p +12, 3p + 22, …?
a.2p b. -2p +10 c. 2p - 10 d. 6p

10. Which of the following is the first positive term of the arithmetic
sequence: 11, -8, -5, …?
a. -4 b. 3 c. -2 d. 1

11. Which of the following is the value of p so that the terms, 7p + 2, 5p

+12, 2p – 1,… form an arithmetic sequence?
a. -8 b. -5 c. -13 d. -23

12. Which of the following is NOT an arithmetic sequence?

a. -5, -2, 1, 4 c. 1, 4, 7
b. 11, 14, 17, 20 d. 3, 7, 12, 18

13. Which of the following is not an arithmetic sequence?

a.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, … c. 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, …
b.3, 9, 27, 81, … d. 13, 2, -9, -20, -31, …

14. Which is NOT true about the arithmetic sequence: 25, 32, 39, 46, …?

11 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

 a. The common difference is 7. c. the 6th term is 60.
b. The 7th term is 60. d. the 8th term is 74.

15. During a free-fall rappelling, a skydiver jumps 36 feet, 48 feet, and 60

feet on the first, second, and third fall, respectively. If he continues to
jump at this pattern, how many feet will he have jumped during the
tenth fall?
a.144 b. 156 c. 132 d. 140

Additional Activity

Determine whether the following situations illustrate an arithmetic sequence. If

yes, then give what is asked. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. I was advised by my physician to walk each day in the morning as my daily
exercise. On my first day, I walked 40m. On the second and third day, I
walked 60m and 80m, respectively, and so on. What is the distance I walked
on the 10th day if I continue the pattern in my daily walk?

2. The number of works done by a backhoe in a certain area doubles every 2

hours. If there are N number of works to start with, find the number of works
done in 14 hours.

12 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

 16.
A15.
.
responses No 2.
B14.
m. 220 B13.
Depends on student’s
have walked D12.
What I Can Do walking, I would D11.
day of Inth my 10 D10.
YES
- 1. B 9.
B 8.
Additional Activity C 7.
A 6.
B 5.
A 4.
B 3.
D 2.
A 1.
Assessment:

References
Melvin M. Callanta, et al. Mathematics Learner’s Module. Pasig City, 2015.

13 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2

Gladys C. Nivera and Minie Rose C. Lapinid, Grade 10 Mathematics: Patterns and
Practicalities. Makati City, Don Bosco Press, 2015.

Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board. Guidelines for Public

Transportation for Areas Under General Community Quarantine.2020.
http://ltfrb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/MC-2020-017-RE-
GUIDELINES-FOR-PUBLIC-TRANSPORTATION-AREAS-UNDER-GCQ-min.pdf

14 CO_Q1_Mathematics 10_ Module 2