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Micro Propaagrtion (2).pdf

Micropropagation is a method of plant propagation that involves regenerating whole plants from small tissue samples, allowing for the rapid production of genetically identical plants. The process includes stages such as explant selection, sterilization, culture medium preparation, shoot multiplication, and plantlet transfer. This technique is beneficial for producing disease-free plants, conserving rare species, and facilitating genetic engineering and research.

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11 views10 pages

Micro Propaagrtion (2).pdf

Micropropagation is a method of plant propagation that involves regenerating whole plants from small tissue samples, allowing for the rapid production of genetically identical plants. The process includes stages such as explant selection, sterilization, culture medium preparation, shoot multiplication, and plantlet transfer. This technique is beneficial for producing disease-free plants, conserving rare species, and facilitating genetic engineering and research.

Uploaded by

Hushin Choudhary
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Micro Propagation

Micro propagation refers the


regeneration of whole plant
through small plant tissue.
Let's understand the meaning of propagation then you can easily get the
concept of micropropagation. In biology, Propagation means increasing
the number of particular species of plant through sexual and asexual
reproduction. And the purpose of plant propagation is to maintain the
population of particular species. The methods of propagation are broadly
classified and micropropagation is one of them.

Micropropagation
Micropropagation refers to the regeneration of the whole plant
through small plant tissue.
Or
Clonal propagation i.e. multiplication of genetically identical copies
of a cultivar by asexual reproduction and using tissue culture
technique is called micropropagation.

Micropropagation is also known as clonal propagation.


Micropropagation plays an important role in the production of genetically
identical plants at the commercial level. Because this method takes a short
time, space and produces plants in large numbers.
Stages
Stage 0. Selection of explant :
It involves the selection of a mother plant from which an explant will be
obtained.
P.G. - 06/18
Murashige (1974) outlined three major stages involved in Micropropagation.

Source: rrecenvhort.ifas.ufl.edu
P.G. - 07/18
S.1. Sterilization of explant:
After the selection of the explant, its sterilization will be performed for 5 to 10
minutes through sterilizing agents i.e. 70% alcohol or sodium hypochlorite and
calcium hypochlorite.
S.2. Preparation of suitable culture medium:
This stage involves a suitable culture medium will be prepared which can
provide all essentials nutrients to explant
S.3. Multiplication of Shoot:
In this stage rapid multiplication of shoot and somatic embryo formation
occurs.
S.4. Rooting of shoots:
This stage involves the separation of individual shoots and transfer of .
P.G. - 08/18
S.5. Transfer of plantlet:
In the last stages, the plantlet will be transferred into sterilised soil for
Harding under a greenhouse environment.
Advantages of Micropropagation:
1. Rapid Clonal Multiplication:
Micropropagation allows for the production of a large number of
genetically identical plantlets within a relatively short period. This enables
mass propagation of elite plant varieties, including those with desirable
traits such as disease resistance or high yield.
2. Disease-free Plantlets:
By starting with small tissue samples and maintaining strict sterile
conditions, micropropagation offers the advantage of producing disease-
free plantlets.
P.G. - 09/18
3. Year-round Availability:
Tissue culture allows for the production of plants independent of seasonal
variations. The controlled laboratory conditions enable year-round
propagation, which is especially useful for species with limited seed
availability or those that are difficult to propagate through conventional
methods.
4. Conservation of Rare or Endangered Species:
Micropropagation provides a means to conserve and propagate rare or
endangered plant species that are difficult to propagate by other means.
It helps in preserving biodiversity and preventing the extinction of plant
species.
P.G. - 12/18
Applications/Importance
1. Mass Clonal Propagation: One of the primary applications of
micropropagation is the rapid and large-scale production of genetically
identical plantlets.
2. Disease-Free Plant Production: Tissue culture provides a way to
produce disease-free plants by starting with healthy, sterilized explants.
3. Rare and Endangered Species Conservation: Micropropagation
techniques allow for the propagation of plants with limited seed
availability or those that are challenging to propagate through
conventional means.
P.G. - 13/18
4. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology: Tissue culture techniques
enable genetic engineering and biotechnological applications.
5. Rapid Multiplication of Ornamental Plants: Micropropagation is widely
used in the ornamental plant industry to produce a large number of
uniform and attractive plants.
6. Research and Experimental Studies: Tissue culture serves as a valuable
tool for researchers in plant biology and other related fields. It allows for
the study of plant physiology, development, and responses to various
treatments or stresses in a controlled environment.

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