. What is strainer?

Answer: Strainer is a kind of sieve which is used to separate a liquid from

solid.
2. Name the method used to separate cream from curd.
Answer: Centrifugation.
3. How will you separate mango from a mixture of mango and apple?
Answer: By picking.
4. You are given a mixture of salt and sand. Can you separate them by
picking?
Answer: No, we cannot separate them by picking.
5. Name the method used to separate the pieces of stone from grain.
Answer: Handpicking.
6. How can you separate grains from stalk?
Answer: We separate grains from stalk by threshing.
7. What types of material can we separate by using handpicking?
Answer: The materials having different size and colour can be separated by
handpicking.
8. Name the other methods used to separate solid materials of
different size.
Answer: Sieving.
9. Name the process used to separate heavier and lighter components
of a mixture.
Answer: Winnowing.
10. Can the above stated method be used if both the components
have same weight?
Answer: No, this method cannot be used.
11. What is evaporation?
Answer: The process of conversion of water into vapour is called evaporation.
12. Name the method by which we get salt from ocean water.
Answer: Evaporation.
13. Define condensation.
Answer: The process of conversion of water vapour into liquid form is called
condensation.
14. Write opposite process of evaporation.
Answer: Condensation.
Short Type Questions and Answers
1: What is done in threshing? How it can be done?
Answer: In threshing, the stalks are beaten to free the grain seeds. Threshing
can be done with the help of bullocks or machines.
2: Which type of impurities can be separated by hand picking?
Answer: Hand picking is used to separate slightly large sized impurities. It is
used when the quantity of impurities is not very large.
3: Why is separating different components of a mixture necessary?
Answer:
a) To separate two different but useful components.
b) To remove impurities or non-useful component from a mixture.
4: What do you mean by winnowing? Explain with example
Answer: Winnowing is separating the heavier and lighter components of a
mixture by wind or by blowing air. For example-separating mixture of saw dust
and sand.
5: How is sieving use to separate particles of a mixture? Give
example.
Answer: Sieving allows the fine particles to pass through the holes of a sieve
while bigger impurities remain on sieve. E.g. separating bran from flour.
6: What is a saturated solution?
Answer: When no more solute (e.g. Salt) can be dissolved in the amount of
solvent (e.g. Water) taken, the solution is said to be saturated solution.
7: What happens when steam comes in contact with the metal plate
cooled with ice?
Answer: When steam comes in contact with the metal plate cooled with ice, it
condenses and forms liquid water.
8: What is condensation?
Answer: The process of conversation of water vapour into its liquid form is
called condensation.
9: By which process salt, sand and water can be separated?
Answer: Salt, sand and water can be separated by decantation, filtration,
evaporation followed by condensation.
10: What is the difference between evaporation and condensation?
Answer: The process of conversion of water into its vapour is called
evaporation. The process of conversation of water vapour into its liquid form is
called condensation.
11: What is sedimentation?
Answer: When the heavier component of a mixture settles after water is
added to it, the process is called sedimentation
12: Write the name of method for separating
a) Salt from salt water solution.
b) Wheat from mixture of wheat and rice.
Answer:
a). Evaporation
b). handpicking.
13: Which of the following is true :
a) Flour is sieved to separate impurities.
b) Threshing is used to separate grains from stalk.
c) Winnowing is used to separate component of same weight.
Answer: a) True b) true c) false.
14. What is mixture?
Answer: When two or more than two substances are mixed together in any
ratio then it is called a mixture.
15. Write various methods of separation of components from their
mixture.
Answer:
1. Handpicking
2. Threshing
3. Winnowing
4. Sedimentation
5. Decantation
6. Filtration
7. Evaporation
8. Condensation
16. Define the term handpicking.
Answer: The process used to separate slightly larger particles from a mixture
by hand is called handpicking. For example: Stone pieces can be separated
from wheat or rice by handpicking.
17. What do you mean by threshing? Where is it used?
Answer: Threshing is a process in which we separate grain from stalks. This
process is used by farmer to separate gram, wheat, rice, mustard seeds in his
field.
18. How will you separate oil and water from their mixture?
Answer: Oil, being lighter than water, will float on it. Two distinct layers are
formed and slowly oil is allowed to flow into another container and is separated
from water. Separating funnel can also be used to separate the two.
19. What is evaporation?
Answer: The process of conversion of water into vapour is called evaporation.
This process takes place continuously where water is present. Common salt
from sea water is obtained using this method.
20. Define winnowing.
Answer: The process is used to separate components from a mixture in which
one component is heavier or lighter than other is called winnowing. Winnowing
is done with the help of wind or by blowing air.
21. What do you mean by sieving? Give an example.
Answer: Sieving allows the fine flour particles to pass through the holes of the
sieve while the bigger particles or impurities remain on the sieve. For example,
in a flour mill, impurities like husk and stones are removed from wheat before
grinding it.
22. Name and describe briefly a method which can be helpful in
separating a mixture of husk from grains. What is the principle of this
method?
Answer: Winnowing is the method used for separating a mixture of husk from
grains. It is based on the principle that the lighter husk particles are carried
away by the wind leaving behind the grains.
23. How do we get salt from sea water?
Answer: First sea water is collected in shallow pits and due to heat of the Sun,
water starts evaporating. After few days, the water evaporates completely
leaving behind solid salt.
24. Why does visibility increase after rain?
Answer: Rain dissolves all the dust particles in atmosphere and brings them
down to earth, thus increasing visibility.
Long Answer Type Questions
1. What is threshing?
Answer: Threshing is a process that is used to separate grain from stalks. In
this process the stalks are beaten to free the grain seeds. Sometimes threshing
is done with the help of bullocks. Machines are also used to thresh large
quantities of grain.
2. Describe the method to obtain salt from sea water.
Answer: Sea water contains many salts mixed in it. One of them is common
salt, when sea water is allowed to stand in shallow pits, water gets evaporated
by sunlight and slowly turns into water vapour. In a few days, the water
evaporates completely leaving behind the solid salts. Common salt is then
obtained from this mixture of salts by further purification.
3. What is decantation?
Answer: Decantation is a process, of separation of insoluble solids from liquid.
The suspension of solid particles in liquid is allowed to stand for some time.
The solid particles then settle down at the bottom of the container and clean
water goes up. Without disturbing the settled particles the clean water is
transferred into other container.
4. Where is decantation used? Give two examples.
Answer:
(i) Decantation is used to separate insoluble solids or liquid from liquid. Rain
water is a mixture of mud and water. It is purified by decantation.
(ii) Oil and water also get separated by this method because oil floats up.
5. How will you prepare cheese (paneer)?
Answer: For making paneer, a few drops of lemon juice sire added to milk as
it boils. This gives a mixture of particles of solid paneer and liquid. The paneer
is then separated by filtering the mixture through a fine cloth or strainer.
6. Explain the method that can be used for separating the following
mixture:
(i) Sand and husk
(ii) Wheat, sugar and stalk
(iii) Water and petrol
(iv) Rice and salt
(v) Sand and salt
Answer:
(i) Mixture of sand and husk: Sand and husk can be separated by the method
of winnowing.
(ii) Mixture of wheat, sugar and stalk: For separating stalk from the mixture we
should follow the winnowing method because milk is lighter than other two
components and get separated. Wheat and sugar can be separated by sieving
because they are in different sizes.
(iii) Mixture of water and petrol: Water does not dissolve in petrol. So, it can be
separated by the use of separating funnel.
(iv) Mixture of rice and salt: Rice and salt can be separated by sieving.
(v) Mixture of sand and salt: Sand and salt is mixed with water, salt dissolves in
water and sand can be separated solution by sedimentation and decantation
followed by filtration. After that using evaporation common salt is separated.
7: How is common salt obtained from sea?
Answer: Sea water contains many salts mixed in it. When sea water is allowed
to stand in shallow pits, water gets heated by sunlight and slowly turns into
water vapour, through evaporation. In few days water is evaporated
completely leaving behind solid salts. Common salt is obtained from mixture of
salts by further purification.