Advanced vocab

1. Abridge – To shorten (a piece of writing) without losing the

sense.
Example: The editor had to abridge the novel to make it fit within the magazine’s word
limit.
2. Abstain – To choose not to do something.
Example: She decided to abstain from the decision-making process to avoid any
conflicts of interest.
3. Adverse – Preventing success or development; harmful or
unfavorable.
Example: The adverse weather conditions forced the event organizers to cancel the
outdoor concert.
4. Altruism – The belief in or practice of selfless concern for the
well-being of others.
Example: Her altruism was evident when she volunteered at the shelter every weekend.
5. Ameliorate – To make something better or more tolerable.
Example: The new treatment helped to ameliorate the symptoms of the disease.
6. Anachronism – Something or someone that is not in its correct
historical or chronological time.
Example: The film’s use of a modern smartphone in a medieval setting was a glaring
anachronism.
7. Apathy – Lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern.
Example: His apathy toward the election was evident when he refused to vote.
8. Arduous – Involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and
tiring.
Example: Climbing the mountain was an arduous task, but the view from the top made it
worthwhile.
9. Assuage – To make an unpleasant feeling less intense.
Example: The comforting words from her friend helped assuage her anxiety before the
big presentation.
10. Avarice – Extreme greed for wealth or material gain.
Example: His avarice led him to make unethical decisions that eventually cost him his
career.
11. Benevolent – Well-meaning and kindly.
Example: The benevolent donations from the community helped rebuild the school after
the fire.
12. Bolster – To support or strengthen something.
Example: The evidence presented in court bolstered the defendant’s case, leading to
his acquittal.
13. Cacophony – A harsh, discordant mixture of sounds.
Example: The cacophony of honking horns and shouting in the busy market was
overwhelming.
14. Candor – The quality of being open, honest, and sincere in speech
or expression.
Example: She spoke with candor about her past mistakes, which earned her the respect
of the group.
15. Causality – The relationship between cause and effect.
Example: The study explored the causality between sleep deprivation and decreased
cognitive performance.
16. Chicanery – The use of trickery to achieve a political, financial, or
legal purpose.
Example: The politician’s chicanery was exposed when documents revealed he had
been bribed.
17. Circumspect – Wary and unwilling to take risks; cautious.
Example: He was circumspect about sharing personal information online, given the
potential privacy risks.
18. Cognizant – Having knowledge or awareness of something.
Example: She was cognizant of the dangers involved in the project but proceeded
cautiously.
19. Colloquial – Used in ordinary or familiar conversation; informal.
Example: The novel’s colloquial language made it feel like the characters were speaking
directly to the reader.
20. Concise – Giving a lot of information clearly and in a few words.
Example: The professor’s concise explanation made the complex topic easier to
understand.
21. Condone – To accept or allow behavior that is morally wrong or
offensive.
Example: The teacher refused to condone cheating during exams, implementing strict
penalties for offenders.
22. Conjecture – An opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of
incomplete information.
Example: His conjecture about the stock market’s future was based on guesswork
rather than solid data.
23. Conscientious – Wishing to do what is right, particularly to do
one’s work or duty well.
Example: The conscientious student always made sure to submit her assignments on
time and to the best of her ability.
24. Corroborate – To confirm or give support to a statement, theory,
or finding.
Example: The witness’s testimony corroborated the defendant’s alibi.
25. Cursory – Hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed.
Example: He gave the report a cursory glance but didn’t catch the crucial error.
26. Debilitate – To make someone or something weak or feeble.
Example: The long illness debilitated him, and it took months for him to regain his
strength.
27. Decipher – To convert a text or message from a code into normal
language.
Example: She spent hours trying to decipher the ancient manuscript, which was written
in a forgotten language.
28. Definitive – (of a conclusion or agreement) done or reached
decisively and with authority.
Example: The scientist’s definitive study on climate change changed public opinion on
the matter.
29. Delineate – To describe or portray something precisely.
Example: The artist was able to delineate the emotions of the subject with exquisite
detail.
30. Demonstrable – Capable of being proven or shown.
Example: The company’s success is demonstrable through its consistent profits over
the years.
31. Deride – To mock or ridicule.
Example: The comedian derided the politicians’ promises during his stand-up routine.
32. Despondent – Feeling hopeless or in low spirits.
Example: She felt despondent after receiving the rejection letter from her dream job.
33. Detrimental – Tending to cause harm.
Example: Smoking is detrimental to your health and should be avoided at all costs.
34. Discrepancy – A lack of compatibility or similarity between two or
more facts.
Example: There was a discrepancy between the two accounts of the event that needed
to be resolved.
35. Disseminate – To spread or distribute information widely.
Example: The organization used social media to disseminate important health
information to the public.
36. Dissonance – Lack of harmony among musical notes or
disagreement between ideas.
Example: The dissonance between the two political parties made it difficult to pass the
legislation.
37. Divergent – Moving or extending in different directions from a
common point.
Example: Their divergent opinions on the matter led to a heated debate.
38. Dubious – Hesitating or doubting; not to be relied upon.
Example: He gave a dubious smile, unsure whether he could trust the offer.
39. Ebullient – Cheerful and full of energy.
Example: Her ebullient personality made her the life of every party.
40. Eccentric – Unconventional and slightly strange.
Example: The eccentric inventor often came up with bizarre ideas that turned out to be
revolutionary.
41. Elucidate – To make something clear; explain.
Example: The professor elucidated the complex concept with simple examples.
42. Empathy – The ability to understand and share the feelings of
another.
Example: Her empathy for others was evident in her work as a counselor.
43. Enervate – To drain someone of energy or vitality.
Example: The long day in the sun enervated the hikers, leaving them too exhausted to
continue.
44. Enumerate – To list one by one.
Example: She enumerated the steps of the scientific method during the lecture.
45. Ephemeral – Lasting for a very short time.
Example: The beauty of the sunset was ephemeral, disappearing as quickly as it
arrived.
46. Esoteric – Intended for or likely to be understood by only a small
number of people with specialized knowledge or interest.
Example: The philosopher’s writings were so esoteric that only a few scholars could
fully comprehend them.
47. Exacerbate – To make a situation or problem worse.
Example: His decision to argue with the boss only served to exacerbate the tension in
the office.
48. Exculpate – To show or declare that someone is not guilty of
wrongdoing.
Example: The evidence presented in court exculpated the defendant, proving his
innocence.
49. Expedite – To make an action or process happen sooner or more
quickly.
Example: The company hired additional staff to expedite the processing of orders
during the holiday rush.
50. Facetious – Treating serious issues with deliberately
inappropriate humor.
Example: His facetious remarks during the serious meeting were not appreciated by his
colleagues.

51. Fallacious – Based on a mistaken belief or unsound reasoning.

Example: The fallacious argument presented in the debate failed to convince the
audience.
52. Fortuitous – Happening by chance or accident.
Example: The fortuitous meeting with her old friend led to a new business partnership.
53. Futile – Incapable of producing any useful result; pointless.
Example: His efforts to convince her were futile, as she had already made up her mind.
54. Garrulous – Excessively talkative, especially on trivial matters.
Example: The garrulous neighbor always had a story to share, even when it wasn’t
relevant.
55. Hapless – Unlucky or unfortunate.
Example: The hapless driver got stuck in traffic on the way to his important meeting.
56. Hegemony – Leadership or dominance, especially by one country
or social group over others.
Example: The nation’s hegemony in global politics was challenged by emerging
economic powers.
57. Heterogeneous – Diverse in character or content.
Example: The classroom was composed of a heterogeneous group of students from
different cultural backgrounds.
58. Iconoclast – A person who attacks or criticizes beliefs or
institutions.
Example: The iconoclast challenged the traditional views of the academic community in
his groundbreaking research.
59. Immutable – Unchanging over time or unable to be changed.
Example: The immutable laws of physics apply everywhere in the universe.
60. Impassive – Not showing any emotion.
Example: His impassive face made it difficult for anyone to gauge what he was thinking.
61. Impeccable – In accordance with the highest standards; flawless.
Example: Her impeccable taste in fashion always made her stand out in a crowd.
62. Imperturbable – Unable to be upset or excited; calm.
Example: Despite the chaos around him, he remained imperturbable, handling the crisis
with calm precision.
63. Impervious – Not affected or influenced by something.
Example: The material used for the coat was impervious to water, making it ideal for
rainy days.
64. Implicate – To show someone to be involved in a crime or
wrongdoing.
Example: The investigation revealed evidence that implicated several people in the
corruption scheme.
65. Inane – Lacking sense or meaning; silly or foolish.
Example: His inane comments during the meeting distracted everyone from the
important discussion.
66. Incisive – Intellectually sharp; clear and direct in expression.
Example: Her incisive analysis of the economic report helped clarify complex issues for
the board members.
 67. Indefatigable – Tireless; persistent in effort.
Example: The indefatigable volunteer worked for hours, never once complaining about
the long hours.
68. Indigenous – Originating or occurring naturally in a particular
place.
Example: The indigenous plants of the region thrive in the harsh desert climate.
69. Inevitable – Certain to happen; unavoidable.
Example: The company’s bankruptcy seemed inevitable after months of declining sales.
70. Ingenuous – Innocent and unsuspecting.
Example: Her ingenuous nature made it easy for her to trust others, but also led to
occasional exploitation.
71. Inimical – Hostile; unfriendly or harmful.
Example: The inimical attitude of the opposing party made negotiations difficult.
72. Insipid – Lacking flavor, zest, or interest; dull.
Example: The insipid soup lacked the bold flavors she was hoping for in the dish.
73. Intrepid – Fearless; adventurous.
Example: The intrepid explorers journeyed into the uncharted jungle without hesitation.
74. Inveterate – Having a particular habit or interest that is long-
established and unlikely to change.
Example: His inveterate habit of checking his phone every few minutes was hard to
break.
75. Irrefutable – Impossible to deny or disprove.
Example: The scientist presented irrefutable evidence that climate change is a result of
human activity.
76. Juxtapose – To place different things side by side for
comparison.
Example: The artist juxtaposed bright colors and dark shades to create a striking visual
effect.
77. Lethargic – Sluggish and lacking in energy.
Example: The heat made everyone feel lethargic, leading to a lack of productivity at
work.
78. Loquacious – Very talkative.
Example: The loquacious professor could speak for hours on any topic, keeping
students engaged.
79. Lugubrious – Looking or sounding sad and dismal.
Example: The lugubrious music added to the somber mood of the funeral.
80. Magnanimous – Very generous or forgiving, especially toward a
rival or someone less powerful.
Example: Despite losing the competition, she was magnanimous in her praise for the
winner.
81. Malignant – Very dangerous or harmful in nature; tending to
 cause harm or death.
Example: The malignant tumor required immediate treatment to prevent further
complications.
82. Mendacious – Not telling the truth; lying.
Example: His mendacious statements about his qualifications were eventually
discovered.
83. Mitigate – To make something less severe, harmful, or painful.
Example: The government introduced new policies to mitigate the effects of the
economic crisis.
84. Nefarious – Wicked or criminal.
Example: The nefarious plot to overthrow the government was foiled by the intelligence
services.
85. Noxious – Harmful, poisonous, or very unpleasant.
Example: The noxious fumes from the factory caused health problems for the nearby
residents.
86. Obfuscate – To deliberately make something unclear or difficult
to understand.
Example: The politician’s use of complicated jargon served only to obfuscate the real
issue.
87. Obsequious – Excessively obedient or servile, often in a fawning
manner.
Example: The obsequious assistant constantly complimented his boss in an attempt to
gain favor.
88. Ominous – Giving the impression that something bad or
unpleasant is about to happen.
Example: The ominous clouds warned of an approaching storm.
89. Opportune – Happening at a favorable or convenient time.
Example: The opportune moment to introduce the proposal came during the final
meeting.
90. Ostensible – Appearing to be true, but not necessarily so.
Example: His ostensible reason for leaving early was a family emergency, but no one
was convinced.
91. Pernicious – Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or
subtle way.
Example: The pernicious influence of social media can lead to a decline in mental health
over time.
92. Perpetuate – To cause something to continue indefinitely.
Example: The documentary sought to perpetuate the legacy of the civil rights
movement.
93. Precarious – Not securely held or in position; dangerously likely
to fall or collapse.
Example: The precarious balance of power in the region made any sudden change
potentially catastrophic.
94. Proclivity – A tendency to choose or do something regularly; an
inclination or predisposition.
Example: His proclivity for taking risks often got him into dangerous situations.
95. Prolific – Producing many works, results, or offspring.
Example: The prolific author wrote numerous best-selling novels throughout his career.
96. Pugnacious – Eager or quick to argue, quarrel, or fight.
Example: The pugnacious athlete often clashed with opponents during matches.
97. Rancor – Bitterness or resentfulness, especially when long-
standing.
Example: After the divorce, she felt a deep rancor toward her ex-husband for how he
treated her.
98. Recalcitrant – Stubbornly disobedient or resistant to authority.
Example: The recalcitrant student refused to follow the school’s code of conduct,
resulting in disciplinary action.
99. Redundant – Not necessary because something else already does
the job.
Example: The repeated mention of the same point in the report was redundant and
wasted space.
100. Resilient – Able to recover quickly from difficult conditions.
Example: The resilient community rebuilt their homes after the hurricane devastated
their town.

101. Reticent – Not revealing one’s thoughts or feelings readily;

reserved.
Example: She was reticent about her personal life, preferring to keep her private
matters to herself.
102. Reverent – Showing deep respect or admiration.
Example: The students stood in a reverent silence during the ceremony.
103. Salient – Most noticeable or important.
Example: The salient features of the new policy were discussed in the meeting.
104. Sanguine – Optimistic or positive, especially in a difficult
situation.
Example: Despite the challenges, she remained sanguine about the outcome of the
project.
105. Scathing – Witheringly harsh; severely critical.
Example: The critic wrote a scathing review of the artist’s latest work, dismissing it as
derivative.
106. Scrupulous – Diligent, thorough, and extremely attentive to
details.
Example: She was scrupulous in ensuring that all the facts in her report were accurate.
107. Segregate – To set apart from the rest or from each other.
Example: The policy served to segregate the wealthiest citizens from the rest of the
population.
108. Sensational – Intended to provoke strong reactions; exaggerated
or overstated.
Example: The newspaper published a sensational headline to grab attention, even
though the story was unremarkable.
109. Serene – Calm, peaceful, and untroubled.
Example: The serene beauty of the mountains made the hike a peaceful retreat from the
city.
110. Shrewd – Having or showing sharp judgment and keen insight.
Example: His shrewd business decisions helped turn the company’s fortunes around.
111. Spurious – Not genuine, false or counterfeit.
Example: The spurious claim that the company was going bankrupt was quickly
debunked.
112. Stoic – Enduring pain or hardship without showing feelings or
complaining.
Example: He remained stoic during the difficult situation, never once expressing his
discomfort.
113. Substantiate – To provide evidence to support or prove the truth
of something.
Example: The scientist was able to substantiate her hypothesis with rigorous
experiments.
114. Superfluous – Unnecessary, especially through being more than
enough.
Example: His superfluous comments on the issue only prolonged the meeting
unnecessarily.
115. Tantamount – Equivalent in seriousness to; virtually the same as.
Example: His failure to apologize was tantamount to admitting guilt.
116. Trenchant – Vigorous or sharp in expression or style.
Example: The critic’s trenchant remarks about the play were both insightful and harsh.
117. Ubiquitous – Present, appearing, or found everywhere.
Example: The ubiquitous presence of smartphones has changed the way people
communicate.
118. Unfathomable – Incapable of being fully understood or measured.
Example: The vastness of the universe is unfathomable, with countless galaxies beyond
our reach.
119. Utilitarian – Designed to be useful or practical rather than
attractive.
Example: The building’s design was entirely utilitarian, focusing on function over
aesthetics.
120. Vehement – Showing strong feeling; forceful, passionate, or
intense.
Example: She was vehement in her opposition to the proposed changes, arguing that
they would harm the community.
121. Vindicate – To clear someone of blame or suspicion.
Example: The new evidence helped vindicate the defendant, proving that he was
innocent.
122. Vulnerable – Susceptible to harm or attack; open to being hurt.
Example: The city’s infrastructure was vulnerable to natural disasters, and the
residents were at risk.
123. Warranted – Justified or deserved.
Example: His frustration was warranted after all the hard work he put into the project.
124. Wistful – Longing or yearning for something, often with sadness.
Example: She had a wistful expression as she looked at the old photographs from her
childhood.
125. Zealous – Showing great enthusiasm or passion for a cause.
Example: The zealous volunteers worked tirelessly to ensure the success of the event.
126. Ameliorate – To make something better or improve.
Example: The new policy was intended to ameliorate the working conditions in the
factory.
127. Apathy – Lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern.
Example: The apathy of the voters was evident, as many chose not to participate in the
election.
128. Arduous – Involving a lot of effort and difficulty.
Example: The journey to the summit was long and arduous, requiring physical strength
and mental endurance.
129. Astute – Having or showing an ability to accurately assess
situations and turn them to one’s advantage.
Example: The astute businessman recognized an opportunity in the market before his
competitors.
130. Benevolent – Well-meaning and kindly.
Example: The benevolent organization donated food and supplies to those affected by
the hurricane.
131. Brevity – Shortness of time or duration; concise expression.
Example: The speaker’s brevity during the presentation made his message more
impactful.
132. Candor – The quality of being open and honest in expression.
Example: He spoke with candor about the challenges he faced in his career.
133. Cajole – To persuade someone to do something by flattery or
coaxing.
Example: She tried to cajole him into attending the party by offering to buy him a drink.
134. Cognizant – Aware or conscious of something.
Example: She was cognizant of the fact that her decision would affect the entire team.
135. Concise – Giving much information clearly and in a few words.
Example: His concise explanation made the complex concept easy to understand.
136. Conspicuous – Easily seen or noticed; attracting attention.
Example: The red car was conspicuous in the parking lot due to its bright color.
137. Contrite – Feeling or showing remorse or guilt.
Example: After the argument, he was contrite and apologized for his harsh words.
138. Deference – Respectful submission or yielding to the judgment,
opinion, or will of another.
Example: The young employee showed deference to his senior colleagues by listening
carefully to their advice.
139. Deride – To mock or ridicule.
Example: The students derided his ideas, but eventually, they began to see the validity
of his argument.
140. Discrepancy – A lack of compatibility or similarity between two or
more facts.
Example: There was a significant discrepancy between the reported figures and the
actual results.

141. Disseminate – To spread or distribute something, especially

information or ideas.
Example: The organization worked to disseminate accurate health information to the
public.
142. Dubious – Doubtful or uncertain.
Example: He gave a dubious response when asked about the plan’s success.
143. Eclectic – Deriving ideas, style, or taste from a broad and diverse
range of sources.
Example: Her eclectic taste in music ranged from classical to modern pop.
144. Enervate – To weaken or drain of energy.
Example: The long, hot day in the desert enervated the hikers, leaving them exhausted.
145. Ephemeral – Lasting for a very short time.
Example: The beauty of the sunset was ephemeral, disappearing as quickly as it
arrived.
146. Equivocate – To use ambiguous language to conceal the truth or
avoid commitment.
Example: The politician equivocated when asked about the controversial bill, avoiding a
direct answer.
147. Esoteric – Intended for or likely to be understood by only a small
number of people with a specialized knowledge or interest.
Example: The philosopher’s esoteric arguments were difficult for most people to follow.
148. Exacerbate – To make a situation worse or more severe.
Example: His harsh criticism only served to exacerbate the conflict between the two
parties.
149. Exonerate – To absolve someone from blame or guilt.
Example: The new evidence exonerated him, proving he was innocent of all charges.
150. Fallacious – Based on a mistaken belief or unsound reasoning.
Example: The argument was fallacious because it relied on an incorrect assumption.
151. Fervent – Having or displaying passionate intensity.
Example: She gave a fervent speech about the importance of preserving the
environment.
152. Fortuitous – Happening by chance or accident, often in a lucky or
fortunate way.
Example: The meeting with the investor was fortuitous, as it led to a successful
partnership.
153. Frivolous – Not having any serious purpose or value; trivial.
Example: He dismissed her concerns as frivolous, focusing on the more important
issues.
154. Garrulous – Excessively talkative, especially on trivial matters.
Example: The garrulous neighbor often kept everyone up with stories of his past
adventures.
155. Hapless – Unfortunate or unlucky.
Example: The hapless traveler lost his luggage at every airport he visited.
156. Harangue – A lengthy and aggressive speech.
Example: The manager gave a harangue about the importance of punctuality during the
meeting.
157. Heterogeneous – Diverse in character or content; made up of
different elements.
Example: The conference attracted a heterogeneous group of experts from various
fields.
158. Impassive – Showing no emotion or feeling; unemotional.
Example: His impassive expression gave nothing away during the tense negotiation.
159. Impecunious – Having little or no money.
Example: The impecunious student struggled to afford the expensive textbooks
required for class.
160. Impervious – Not allowing fluid to pass through; incapable of
being affected.
Example: The raincoat was made of impervious material, keeping him dry throughout
the storm.
161. Incongruous – Not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings
or other aspects of something.
Example: The modern building appeared incongruous among the historic architecture
of the town.
162. Ineffable – Too great or extreme to be expressed or described in
words.
Example: The beauty of the landscape was ineffable, leaving the visitors speechless.
163. Inexorable – Impossible to stop or prevent; relentless.
Example: The inexorable advance of technology has changed society in fundamental
ways.
164. Ingenuous – Innocent and unsuspecting; straightforward.
Example: Her ingenuous smile made her seem trustworthy and sincere.
165. Inimical – Hostile or harmful to something.
Example: The new policies were inimical to the interests of workers, leading to
protests.
166. Inscrutable – Impossible to understand or interpret.
Example: His inscrutable expression made it difficult to know what he was thinking.
167. Lethargic – Sluggish and lacking in energy.
Example: After the long flight, I felt lethargic and had difficulty staying awake.
168. Magnanimous – Very generous or forgiving, especially toward a
rival or someone less powerful.
Example: Despite the tough competition, she was magnanimous in her praise of her
opponent’s performance.
169. Mellifluous – (of a voice or words) Sweet or musical; pleasant to
hear.
Example: The mellifluous sound of the singer’s voice captivated the audience.
170. Munificent – More generous than is usual or necessary.
Example: The munificent donation helped the charity provide resources for those in
need.
171. Nefarious – Wicked or criminal.
Example: The nefarious plot to overthrow the government was foiled by the authorities.
172. Nonchalant – Feeling or appearing casually calm and relaxed; not
displaying anxiety.
Example: He was nonchalant about the exam results, confident in his preparation.
173. Ostentatious – Characterized by vulgar or pretentious display;
designed to impress or attract notice.
Example: The ostentatious display of wealth at the party made many guests
uncomfortable.
174. Pernicious – Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or
subtle way.
Example: The pernicious influence of fake news has spread rapidly on social media.
175. Petulant – Childishly sulky or bad-tempered.
Example: His petulant behavior during the meeting annoyed his colleagues.
 176. Proclivity – A tendency to choose or do something regularly; an
inclination.
Example: She had a proclivity for reading books on philosophy in her spare time.
177. Profligate – Recklessly extravagant or wasteful in the use of
resources.
Example: The profligate spending by the government led to a financial crisis.
178. Recalcitrant – Stubbornly resisting authority or control.
Example: The recalcitrant student refused to follow the teacher’s instructions.
179. Redolent – Strongly reminiscent or suggestive of something;
having a pleasant smell.
Example: The kitchen was redolent with the aroma of freshly baked bread.
180. Resilient – Able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult
conditions.
Example: The resilient community rebuilt their homes after the devastating earthquake.
181. Reverberate – To echo or resound; to have a lasting impact.
Example: The announcement of the policy changes reverberated throughout the
industry.
182. Sycophant – A person who acts obsequiously toward someone
important in order to gain advantage.
Example: The sycophant flattered the CEO in hopes of securing a promotion.
183. Tantamount – Equivalent in seriousness to; virtually the same as.
Example: His failure to apologize was tantamount to admitting his guilt.
184. Turbulent – Characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion.
Example: The turbulent political climate led to widespread protests and instability.
185. Ubiquitous – Present or found everywhere.
Example: Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society, used by people of
all ages.
186. Untenable – Not able to be defended against attack or objection.
Example: His argument was untenable, with several logical flaws that were easy to point
out.
187. Vicarious – Experienced through the feelings or actions of
another person.
Example: She lived vicariously through her friend’s exciting travel stories.
188. Vilify – To speak or write about in an abusively disparaging
manner.
Example: The politician was vilified in the media for his controversial stance on the
issue.
189. Volatile – Liable to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially
for the worse.
Example: The volatile stock market made investors nervous, as prices fluctuated wildly.
190. Warranted – Justified or required.
Example: His reaction to the situation was warranted, given the gravity of the
circumstances.

191. Whimsical – Playfully quaint or fanciful, especially in an

appealing and amusing way.
Example: The whimsical design of the café, with its vibrant colors and unique furniture,
attracted many visitors.
192. Zealous – Having or showing great energy or enthusiasm in
pursuit of a cause or objective.
Example: The zealous volunteers worked tirelessly to ensure the success of the
fundraising event.
193. Cacophony – A harsh, discordant mixture of sounds.
Example: The cacophony of car horns and street vendors filled the air in the bustling
city.
194. Apropos – Fitting or appropriate to a particular situation.
Example: His comments were apropos to the discussion, providing insightful input on
the topic.
195. Lugubrious – Looking or sounding sad and dismal.
Example: The lugubrious expression on her face indicated that she was dealing with a
difficult situation.
196. Lethargy – A lack of energy or enthusiasm.
Example: After a long day at work, he felt a deep sense of lethargy and struggled to stay
awake.
197. Opulent – Rich and luxurious in appearance or style.
Example: The opulent decor of the ballroom dazzled guests with its gold accents and
crystal chandeliers.
198. Pejorative – Expressing disapproval or contempt.
Example: His pejorative remarks about the new policy upset many of his colleagues.
199. Redundant – Not necessary because something else already
exists or can be used.
Example: The company’s redundant policies created confusion and wasted valuable
resources.
200.Sagacious – Having or showing keen insight and good judgment;
wise.
Example: The sagacious leader guided the country through a difficult economic crisis
with calm and effective decision-making.