University of Agronomic Sciences

and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest

AgroLife
Scientific Journal
Volume 10, No. 2

December, 2021
BucharesT
 MANAGING TEAM
General Editor: Prof. PhD Sorin Mihai CÎMPEANU
Executive Editor: Prof. PhD Gina FÎNTÎNERU
Deputy Executive Editor: Prof. PhD Doru Ioan MARIN

Members: Lenuța Iuliana EPURE, Leonard ILIE, Mariana IONIȚĂ,

Sorin IONIȚESCU, Monica Paula MARIN, Florentina MATEI,
Adrian PETICILĂ, Dragoș SMEDESCU, Ana VÎRSTA

Linguistic editor: Elena NISTOR

Secretariate: Roxana FRANZUTTI

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Copyright 2021
To be cited: AgroLife Sci. J. - Vol. 10, No. 2, 2021

The mission of the AgroLife Scientific Journal is to publish original research

relevant to all those involved in different fields of agronomy and life sciences.
The publishers are not responsible for the opinions published in the Volume.
They represent the authors’ point of view.

ISSN 2285-5718; ISSN - L 2285-5718

 EDITORIAL BOARD

▪ Larry G. ADAMS - Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
▪ Adrian ASĂNICĂ - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Sarah BAILLIE - Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
▪ Narcisa Elena BĂBEANU - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Silviu BECIU - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Diego BEGALLI - University of Verona, Italy
▪ Laurenţiu-George BENGA - Central Unit for Animal Research and Welfare Affairs at the University Hospital, Heinrich
Heine University Dusseldorf, Germany
▪ Vijendra K. BOKEN - University of Nebraska at Kearney, USA
▪ Stefano CASADEI - University of Perugia, Italy
▪ Fulvio CELICO - University of Molise, Italy
▪ Nicolae CORCIONIVOSCHI - Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, UK
▪ Călina Petruța CORNEA - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Drago CVIJANOVIC - University of Kragujevac, Serbia
▪ Eric DUCLOS-GENDREU - Spot Image, GEO-Information Services, France
▪ Carla EMILIANI - University of Perugia, Italy
▪ Gina FÎNTÎNERU - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Luca Corelli GRAPPADELLI - University of Bologna, Italy
▪ Claudio GENCHI - University of Milan, Italy
▪ Milen GEORGIEV - Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
▪ Armagan HAYIRLI - Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
▪ Mostafa A.R. IBRAHIM - University of Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
▪ Viorel ION - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Mariana IONIŢĂ - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Jochen KANTELHARDT - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
▪ Karsten KLOPP - Obstbauversuchsanstalt, Jork, Germany
▪ Horst Erich KÖNIG - Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embriology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
▪ Pete MANTIS - Royal Veterinary College, University of London, UK
▪ Francois LAURENS - French National Institute for Agricultural Research, France
▪ Yannick LAUTROU - School of Agricultures – ESA, Angers, France
▪ Huub LELIEVELD - GHI Association Netherlands and EFFoST Executive Committee, Netherlands
▪ Stefan MANN - Agroscope, Tanikon, Switzerland
▪ Doru Ioan MARIN - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Monica Paula MARIN - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Mircea MIHALACHE - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Françoise PICARD-BONNAUD - University of Angers, France
▪ Kurt PFISTER - Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
▪ Aneta POP - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Mona POPA - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Agatha POPESCU - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Marco Dalla ROSA - Faculty of Food Technology, Università di Bologna, Polo di Cesena, Italy
▪ Sandrine ROUSSEAUX - University of Burgundy, France
▪ Sam SAGUY - The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
▪ Philippe SIMONEAU - Université d’Angers, France
▪ Alexandru SONEA - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Ihsan SOYSAL - University of Trakia, Faculty of Agriculture, Zootechnics Department, Tekirdag, Turkey
▪ Vasilica STAN - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ Alvaro STANDARDI - University of Perugia, Italy
▪ Gabriela TENEA - Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra, Ecuador
▪ Răzvan TEODORESCU - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ André THEWIS - University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium
▪ Ana VÎRSTA - University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania
▪ David C. WEINDORF - Texas Tech University, USA

5
 CONTENTS

1. Aphicidal and repellent activities of plant extracts from Hertia cheirifolia L. and Marrubium
deserti de Noé - Farouk AMAMRI, Salim LEBBAL, Toufik BENHIZIA, Azzeddine ZERAIB …. 9

2. First description of Cypripedium and Cypripedium calceolus var. citrina B. Hergt in Romania:
morphology, pollination and conservation status - Nora Eugenia D.G. ANGHELESCU,
Hajnalka KERTÉSZ, Lori BALOGH, Mihaela BALOGH, Hajnal PATAKI, Mihaela Ioana
GEORGESCU, Sorina Aurelia PETRA, Florin TOMA ……………………………………………. 14

3. Study on designing municipal technical network maps for an agricultural company with the
help of a GIS - Jenica CĂLINA, Aurel CĂLINA ………………………………………………….. 29

4. In vitro liquid culture of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. for mass propagation - Corina CĂTANĂ,
Paula BOBOC (OROS) ....................................................................................................................... 39

5. Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols from honeysuckle (Lonicera

caprifolium) - Luminița DIMITRIU, Daniel PREDA, Diana CONSTANTINESCU-
ARUXANDEI, Florin OANCEA, Narcisa BĂBEANU …………………………………………….. 47

6. Effects of lead accumulation on physiological parameters and nutritional elements in

safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seedlings - Muhittin DOGAN, Serap SAHIN YIGIT, Gulcan
CINAR ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 56

7. The use of UAVs: development, perspectives and application - Olha DOROSH, Yevhen
BUTENKO, Hryhorii KOLISNYK, Andriy DOROSH, Iryna KUPRIIANCHYK …………………. 63

8. Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infections in a dairy cattle farm
from South-East of Romania -Vasilica GOTU, Daniela POREA, Madalina SITEAVU, Mariana
IONIȚĂ, Ioan Liviu MITREA ………………………………………………………………………. 72

9. Contributions regarding the study of genotype-environment relationship to some cyclic

wheat combinations - Paula IANCU, Marin SOARE, Ovidiu PĂNIȚĂ ........................................... 77

10. Experience of land use development planning at the local (municipal) level in the European
Union - Natallia KAPINOS, Viktor GONCHAROV, Olena RYBINA, Nataliia PROKOPENKO ... 83

11. Interior profile of young pigs of different genotypes and the use of its components for early
prediction of quantitative characters - Viktor KHALAK, Anna HORCHANOK, Oksana
KUZMENKO, Lyudmila LYTVYSCHENKO, Nаtaliia PRYSIAZHNIUK, Alexander BORDUN .. 92

12. Contribution to the study of the physico-chemical quality of the surface water of the River
Seybouse - Mazouz KHEROUF, Ammar MAOUI …………………………………………………. 99

13. Genotype - environment interaction in quantitative traits formation in white lupine (Lupinus
albus L.) accessions - Valentin KOSEV, Natalia GEORGIEVA ………………………………….. 106

14. Functional bioproduct "FucoSTEM" - evaluation of the product on organoleptic,

physicochemical, biochemical and microbiological indicators - Kamelia LOGINOVSKA,
Nikolay SOLAKOV, Maria DONEVA, Alexandar VALCHKOV …………………………………. 116

15. Analysis of the species composition of prevailing pests of Araliaceae Juss. in Kyiv, Ukraine -
Anastasiya MOROZKO, Olena KOLESNICHENKO, Natalia PUZRINA ………………………… 122

7
 AgroLife Scientific Journal - Volume 10, Number 2, 2021
ISSN 2285-5718; ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5726; ISSN ONLINE 2286-0126; ISSN-L 2285-5718

APHICIDAL AND REPELLENT ACTIVITIES OF PLANT EXTRACTS

FROM Hertia cheirifolia L. AND Marrubium deserti de Noé

Farouk AMAMRI1, Salim LEBBAL2, Toufik BENHIZIA2, Azzeddine ZERAIB2, 3

1
Abbas Laghrour University, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Department of Molecular and
Cellular Biology, Khenchela, Algeria
2
Abbas Laghrour University, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Department of Agronomy,
Khenchela, Algeria
3
Mohamed Khider University, Laboratory of Genetics, Biotechnology and Valorization of
Bio-Resources, Biskra, Algeria

Corresponding author email: [email protected]

Abstract

The black bean aphid Aphis fabae constitutes a dangerous pest. The use of pesticides provokes undesirable effect on the
environment and the human health. Thus, the research for methods with low negative secondary effect becomes very
important. The purpose of this study is the screening of the aphicidal activity of extracts from Marrubium deserti and
Hertia cheirifolia. Moreover, the effect of the same treatments was tested on the orientation of A. fabae.
Through our study, ANOVA revealed significant differences between the studied essential oils. Those of H. cheirifolia
with a concentration of 10000 ppm were the most effective with 96.67% of corrected mortality rate after 6 hours.
Whereas for aqueous extracts, the mortality rate were less important and it reached only 30% after 24 h for H.
cheirifolia 30% extracted by maceration. For the test of orientation, the results showed that after 24 hours, the essential
oils of H. cheirifolia with a concentration of 10000 ppm and the extracts obtained by maceration of the two plants had
an important repellency rate superior than 70%.

Key words: Aphis fabae, aqueous extracts, essential oil, aphid mortalities, repellency percentage.

INTRODUCTION playing a vital role in developing new types of

insecticides with glaring advantages of low
Aphids are economically important insect pests residual, easy biodegradation and high security
of agriculture and forest crops (Guerrieri & to non-target organisms, like the application of
Digilio, 2008; Chaieb et al., 2018). Chemical pyrethrin, rotenone, nicotine and neonicotine in
pesticides are the main tool used to control the control of pests (Yan et al., 2018).
aphid populations. Nevertheless, the extensive Furthermore, the combination of non-chemical
and unscientific use of insecticides has resulted methods that may be individually less efficient
in a universal zooming insecticide resistance than pesticides can generate valuable synergies
among aphids across regions and substantial (Barzman et al., 2015).
detrimental influences on the environment (Yan Literature survey on the potential use of
et al., 2018; Kumar et al., 2019). In Africa, it is essential oils as bio-pesticides indicated that
estimated that 10% of products used are essential oils obtained from different plant
extremely hazardous (Class 1a) and highly families, including Asteraceae and Lamiaceae
hazardous (1b) (Pretty & Bharucha, 2014). have insecticidal activity and they are active as
Therefore, there is a need to develop a repellent, fumigant, larvicidal and adulticidal
biopesticides for effective control that against insects (Mossa, 2016).
minimizes environmental hazards (Barzman et In Algeria, several plants endowed with
al., 2015). insecticidal and repellent activities are rarely
The term “Green pesticides” include all natural used (Arab et al., 2018). Hertia cheirifolia and
materials that can reduce the pest population Marrubium deserti are two plants widespread
and increase food production (Mossa, 2016). in Algeria. However, no study has been
There is a common notion that natural products performed on the evaluation of its repellency
with unique bioactive structures have been and aphicidal effect against the black bean
9
aphid. Thus, the aim of our study is the Concerning the essential oils of H. cheirifolia,
screening of the aphicidal and repellency they were obtained using the technique of
activities of plant extracts from these two plants hydro-distillation. Afterwards, the resulted
against A. fabae under laboratory conditions. solution was diluted using distilled water and
2% Tween 20, to obtain three doses 1000, 5000
MATERIALS AND METHODS and 10000 ppm.

Plant collection and tested treatments Test of aphicidal activity

Two plant species were chosen to obtain The test of the toxicity effect was performed
aqueous extracts and essential oils: Hertia under laboratory conditions. Adults of the black
cheirifolia L. (belonging to the Asteraceae bean aphid Aphis fabae were selected as target
family) and Marrubium deserti de Noé pests.
(belongs to the family of Lamiaceae). Toxicity tests are focused in the treated insect
The choice of these plants is justified on the mortality counting after a period of time from
one hand by their availability at the time of the beginning of the experiment. Treatment can
experimentation and on the other hand they are be applied with different manner, including
not known as hosts for the black bean aphid contact toxicity (Chaieb, 2011).
(Aphis fabae). A total of 39 Petri dishes were prepared with
H. cheirifolia, also known as Othonnopsis three repetitions for each treatment. 13
cheirifolia Jaub. (Segueni et al., 2017), is a treatments were tested: four by infusion, four
very popular plant in Algeria (Chermat & obtained by maceration, three of essential oils,
Gharzouli, 2015). It is an endemic medicinal one with distilled water (control 1) and one
species of the Tunisian and Algerian flora with distilled water and Tween 20 (control 2).
(Rahali et al., 2017). Each Petri dish contains one faba bean leaflet,
In addition, M. deserti, an Algerian endemic imbibed with the corresponding treatment.
species, has several applications in traditional Then, ten adults were placed on the treated
medicine (Zaabat et al., 2010), as a remedy for leaflet. Dead aphids were counted 3, 6 and 24 h
asthma, diabetes and as a diuretic (Edziri et al., after the artificial infestation for each dish.
2012). The corrected percentage of mortality was then
The parts collected from the selected plants calculated basing on Abott formula (1925):
(leaves and stems) were air-dried and cleared of Corrected mortality rate = [(Tmp - Cmp)/
dust. Then, they were crushed electrically to (100 - Cmp)] × 100
obtain a fine powder. Knowing that:
The aqueous extraction was made using two Tmp: Treatment mortality percentage;
methods: maceration and infusion. Cmp: Control mortality percentage.
As regards maceration, a quantity of plant
powder was mixed with cold distilled water at a Test of repellency
ratio of 1/10 (w/v). Each of the two obtained The repellent effect of essential oils and
solutions was agitated for a few minutes and aqueous extracts (obtained by maceration and
left for 24 h. The solutions were then filtered infusion) on the aphids A. fabae was evaluated
and later diluted with distilled water to obtain using a standard method. The Petri dishes were
two doses (10 and 30%). divided into two equal areas: one occupied by a
For infusion, a quantity of plant powder was treated faba bean leaflet and the other by a
mixed with warm distilled water at a ratio of control (treated either by distilled water for
1/10 (w/v). Each of the two obtained solutions aqueous extracts or by distilled water and
was agitated for a few minutes and then left for Tween 20 for essential oils).
2 h. The solutions were then filtered and later Ten aphids were placed in the center of each
diluted with distilled water to obtain two doses dish. The procedure is repeated three times for
(5 and 10%). each of five examined treatments. After 3, 6
The obtained aqueous extracts were kept in the and 24 hours, the number of insects present on
refrigerator until use. each part was noted, and then the percentage of

10
repellency (PR) for each treatment was However, there were highly significant
calculated as follow: differences of aphid mortality between the
PR = [(NC - NT) / (NC + NT)] × 100 (Singh et different concentrations of the essential oils of
H. cheirifolia (P = 0.000), where the most
al., 2012)
efficient was 10000 ppm (Table 1). Likewise,
Where: Oulebsir-Mohandkaci et al. (2015) mentioned
NC represents the number of aphids oriented that essential oils of Eucalyptus globulus
towards the control; proved very toxic towards green peach aphid
NT represents the number of aphids oriented Myzus persicae (Sulzer) either by contact or by
towards the treated leaflet. inhalation.

Statistical analysis Table 1. Corrected mortality percentages of aphids on

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) combined with different essential oil treatments
a Student-Newman-Keuls test were performed, Treatments 3H 6H 24 H
using the 10th version of SPSS software, to Essential oils H. 76.67 c 96.67 c 78,47 b
compare the corrected percentage of cheirifolia 10000 ppm
Essential oils H. 46.67 b 66.67 b 78,47 b
mortalities. cheirifolia 5000 ppm
Essential oils H. 00 a 06.67 a -13,69 a
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS cheirifolia 1000 ppm
Signification 0.000* 0.000* 0.000*
*Significant at P < 0.05
Concerning the test of aphicidal activity, the
ANOVA analysis revealed a significant Plants are very rich in allelochemical
difference between aqueous extracts during the molecules, of structural diversity, reacting as a
inspection after 6 hours only (P = 0.024); bio-insecticide according to various
whereas after 3 and 24 h, there were no mechanisms (Bourmita et al., 2013). For
significant differences (P = 0.084 and 0.064, instance, the results of aphicidal bioassay
respectively). against Aphis citricola (van der Goot) aphids
In general, the aqueous treatments caused weak showed that some compounds, particularly N-
mortality rates, which did not exceed 30% Allylnorgalanthamine (alkaloids), exhibited
(Figure 1). Similarly, previous studies revealed considerable aphicidal activity (Yan et al.,
a low insecticidal activity of the aqueous 2018).
extracts from M. vulgare (Lebbal et al., 2018a), Botanical insecticides are generally complex
Artemisia herba-alba, Myrtus communis and mixtures of several, often closely related
Ruta montana against A. fabae (Lebbal et al., secondary metabolites that may or may not
2018b). have an important role in the toxicity of the
mixture (Miresmailli & Isman, 2014).
35
Segueni et al. (2017) indicated that GC-MS
30 analysis of H. cheirifolia oil has resulted in the
identification of 62 compounds representing
Corrected mortality rate of aphids (%)

25
78.29% of the total oil, where the compounds
20
belonging to the class of monoterpenoids and
3H
15 sesquiterpenoids represented 33.64% of the
6H
10 total identified compounds.
24 H
5
Previous studies have noticed a correlation
between insecticidal activity against different
0
HM 10 HM HI 5 % HI 10 % MM MM 30 MI 5 % MI 10
insects and monoterpenoids (Lee et al., 1997;
% 30% 10% % % Papachristos et al., 2004) or sesquiterpenoids
(Collins et al., 2000).
Treatments
Nevertheless, it can be assumed that mortality
Figure 1. Corrected mortality rate of aphids was mainly due to the various active molecules
on different aqueous treatments containing in those oils and of a synergism of
(HM: H. cheirifolia by maceration; HI: H. cheirifolia by infusion;
MM: M. deserti by maceration; MI: M. deserti by infusion) all compounds (Hakimi et al., 2015). A better

11
understanding of the behavior and bioactivity nymphal emigrants were repellent against bird
of individual components of botanical cherry–oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi
insecticides coupled with more advanced (Linnaeus, 1758) (Glinwood & Pettersson,
methods of compartmentalization and 2000). The repellency effectiveness of the
formulation will allow greater degrees of examined extracts may be attributed to their
control over the availability and activity of composition, including their contents in
individual components of complex botanical terpenoids. Schultz et al. (2004) mentioned that
mixtures and, consequently, should enhance the the mature leaf essential oil samples of Nepta
efficacy of botanical insecticides (Miresmailli cataria L. (Lamiaceae) exhibited significant
& Isman, 2014). repellency to German cockroaches, Blattella
On the other hand, the results revealed that germanica L., and nepetalactone (a terpenoid)
after 24 hours, the essential oils of was the major constituent of catnip essential
H. cheirifolia with a concentration of 10000 oil.
ppm and the extracts obtained by maceration of
the two plants had a repellency rate superior CONCLUSIONS
than 73% (Table 2). In the same way, Oulebsir-
Mohandkaci et al. (2015) found that Our results suggest that the extract of the
percentages of repulsion against green peach essential oils extracted from H. cheirifolia may
aphid vary between 37.59% and 63% for the be a potential alternative to chemical
essential oils of thyme, and 50 to 72.4% for insecticides. They expressed aphicidal and
those of eucalyptus after three hours. Besides, repulsive effects. It would be interesting to
rosemary oil was shown to have a repellency carry out more investigations on this plant by
effect against aphids and repelled them even in identifying molecules responsible for these
the presence of host plant odor (Hori & activities and by testing these essential oils in
Komatsu, 1997). natural conditions.

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