2-14 Y(CC-Sem-3&4) Understanding Harmony in the Human Being

PART-3
Characteristics and Activities of I and Harmony in 1.

Questions-Answers

ong Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions

Que 2.17. How harmony in individual is possible ?

AKTU 2016-17(II), Marks 05
AKTU 2014-15(I), Marks 04

Answer
1. Harmony in the Selfis something that leads to harmony at all levels of
being. This understanding is essential for each of us to live a life of
fulfillment and continuous happiness. The 4-step process that leads to
harmony in the Self is :
i Becoming aware that a human is the co-existence of Self/I and the Body.
Becoming aware that the Body is only an instrument of the Self/ I. I is
the seer, doer and enjoyer, not the Body.
iüi. Becoming aware of the activities of the Self - Desires, Thoughts and
Expectations and then put these Desires, Thoughts and Expectations
through the test of your own natural acceptance.
iv. Understand the harmony at all levels of existence, leading to realization
and understanding, which in turn lead to a sense of definiteness in our
desires, thoughts and expectations.
2. This attainment of harmony leads toa clear flow with no contradictions
or conflicts. So we have a better understanding of ourselves,our basic
aspirations and the way in which we can fulfill these aspirations.
3. Thus,we have a better understanding of all things around us and our
relationships with all those around us. This leads us to a state of being
svatantrata and we become self-organized in our imagination, behaviour
and work, resulting in continuous happiness and prosperity.
Que 2.18. Harmony in T me ans understanding characteristies
and activities of T. Explain. AKTU 2017-18TV), Marks 07

Answer
A Characteristics of T or Self :
Universal Human Values &Professional Ethics 2-15 Y (CC-Semn-3 & 4)
1. Self-actualized people embrace the unknown and the ambiguous.
2. They accept themselves, together with all their flaws.
3. They donot seek to shock or disturb.
4 They are motivated by growth, not by the satisfaction of needs.
5 Self-actualized people have purpose.
6. They share deep relationships with a few, but also feel identification and
affection towards the entire human race.
7. Despite all this, self-actualized people are not perfect.
B. Activities of T :
The activities that go on within the Self are Imaging, Analyzing and
Selecting/Tasting.
Activities of the Self /I :
Power Activity
Desire Imaging
Thought Analyzing
Expectation Selecting/ Tasting
Body:The flow of information from the Self to the Body in both ways.
Basically there are two possible flows of these activities and both of
them keep taking place constantly.
The first kind of flow is from outside the Body to the inside/Self. In this
kind of flow of information, the Self receives sensations from the Body
and this is experienced in Self. Based on this input, thoughts form in the
Self and desires are set. For example, we see a house via our eyes. Then
we start thinking about the house and slowly form an image that living
in such a house will enable us to lead a good life. Thus, the desire to buy
the house becomes a part of us.
The other kind of flow is from inside/Self tooutside/Body. For example,
now we have a desire to lead a good life by living in that house. So we
start to think about it and start analyzing how we can achieve it. We
analyze the cost, our current buying capacity and various other things.
Finally we make the selection of customizing it toour likes in terms of
color of walls, choice of furniture etc. Here, the flow was from inside us
to outside.
To conclude, these activities of desire, thought, expecting/selecting are
all easily noticeable and we can sense them. If we put these activities
together, we can term them as Imagination.
Imagination = Desires + Thoughts + Expectations.
Que 2.19. Expt in the activities of realization and understanding
How do they lea to harmony in the activities of T?Illustrate witn
an example. AKTU2017-18ID,Marks 07
2-16 Y (CC-Sem-3 & 4) Understanding Harmony in the Human Being

Answer
Realization :
1. Realization means to be able to see the reality as it is.
2. In realization, we get the answer to "what is the reality ?" This, for each
one of us, translates into the answers to "what to do ?" and why to do ?"
when we operate on the basis of realization and gains understanding
according tothe realization then it give definiteness and certainty and
makes us self organized.
Understanding :
1 Understanding means to be able to understand the self organization in
all entities of nature/existence and their inter-connected organízation
"as it is".
2 We are able to see the harmonious interconnectedness at all the levels
of our living. Understanding plays an important role in desire making.
3 When we do not have the right understanding, our desire keep shifting,
and this indefiniteness is reflected in our thoughts, and selections we
make, and finally in our behaviour and work.
4. On the other hand, when our understanding is based on realization and
we use this understanding in desire making then our desire will be
correct and thoughts and selection will be according to the understanding.
5. These are the two activities in the self (T) (placed at point l and 2in the
figure).
Activities in self (T)
Power
Natural Activity
1 1. Realization (Anubhav)
Acceptance
2
Self T 2 Understanding (Bodh).--
Pre-conditioning 3. Desire (Ichchha) 3. Imaging (Chitrana)
(Manyata) 4. Thought (Vichara) 4. Analyzing (Vislesana)
5. Expectation (Asha) 5. Selecting/Tasting (Chayana/Asvadana)
Body Information Sensations
Exchange
Fig. 2.19.1.
When we have (1) realization then (2) understanding becomes according
to the realization.
When this happens, then (3) imaging or desires get set according to this
understanding. Consequently,(4) analysisor thoughts become according
to the imnaging/desires and hence, the (5)expectations or
selection/taste
are according tothe thoughts/analysis.
This is called self organization or svantrata. This leads to
its continuity. In realization and happiness and
"what is the reality?" understanding, we get the answer to
This, for each one of us,
to"what to do ?" and "why to do ?" Then what translatestointo the answers
remains find out is "how
 Professional Ethics 2-17 Y(CC-Sem-3 &4)
Universal Human Values &
comes from imagination (activities 3, 4, and 5). Is we o
to do ?", which
without trying to first verif.
today we are focusing on "how to do ?", in a comfortahl
what todo ?" and "why todo ?" !It is just like traveling
where we have to gol
ACvehicle on asmooth road without knowing
Que 2.20. Why do sensation and preconditioning lead to our
bondage ? Point out thebest method to regain our freedom.
AKTU2015-16(V), Marks 05

Answer
1. The solution to this problem is to start verifying our desires, thoughts
and expectations on the basis of our natural acceptance.
2. Since the natural acceptance of each of us is constant and unchanging,
this is what we should be verifying our desires against.
3. Once we access our natural acceptance, we have the right understanding
of the harmony at all levels of our living.
4. This results in us being able to see our true nature' and
what we truly want. understand
5. So our desires start getting set on the basis of our
right understanding.
6. Since our right understanding is based on
which is harmony at all levels of being,
definite, our thoughts,
with this right understanding. desires and selection become aligned
7. This puts an end to all conflicts,
8. Thus, there is harmony within us,contradictions and unhappiness.
within our family, within
nature in general. society and
9.
Realization and
state of harmony.understanding are two very important aspects of this
10. Realization means the ability to 'see' the reality as it
11, is.
Understanding means
are linked together in a to be able to see the way all levels of
our being
12. So, working on the harmonious manner.
means working on thebasis of our natural
acceptance in other words
13. The process then is this:basis of our realization and
or
imagination with realization and understanding.
14.
Consequently,
gets set according to right understanding, our desires
imagination,
our
which inanalyzing
turn takes placeunderstanding.
according to the
for leads to desires
15. Thisexpectations selection/taste. thought/analysis becoming the basls
or
16. This process
state
leads to
svatantrata or
are able to
of being self
understand
desires, thoughts and
organized
the sel
leadsf-organi
to zation.
harmony at allcontinuous happiness as
expectations levels of our
living and all
become definite.
 2-18 Y(CC-Sem-3 &4) Understanding Harmony in the Human Being
17. Most importantly, both realization and understanding help us to have
certainty in our behaviour, which helps to reduce contradictions and the
resulting unhappiness.
18. Thus, living with definiteness is the direct result of realization and
understanding.
19. But the problem is that both these activities are not yet activated in most
of us.

20. Once we 'activate' these two activities, the process of self-exploration

begins,which leads us to understand our natural acceptance.
Que 2.21.How recognizing and fulfilling in the self depends upon
knowing or assuming ? AKTU2015-16(1I), Marks 10
Answer
1 When it comes to self (T), which is a conscious entity; in addition to
recognizing and fulfilling, there is also the activity of assuming and that
of knowing.
2 In fact, recognizing and fulfilling in case of human beings will depend
upon knowing and/or assuming.
i. We assume :We all make assumptions and our response (recognition
and fulfillment) is dependent on the assumption. For example : IfI see a
snake and assumed it to be a rope, I shall respond differently to it, than
ifItake it to be a snake itself. We call this activity assuming or mannana'.
ii. Werecognize : We all recognize things today, we recognize avarietyof
things. Like, we recognize water, our parents, friends, ete. We call this
activity 'recognizing or pahachaanana'. The recognizing in Tdepends on
assuming.
iüi. We fulfill :The response that follows recognition is called the activity of
fulfilling or nirvaha karna. The fulfillment depends on the recognition.
For example : Once we recognize water, we take it.
Taken together we can write it as (in I) :
Assuming’ Recognizing ’ Fulfilling
3 There is another activity that exists in us (in T). This activity is called
knowing'.
4. Knowing means we have the right understanding -the understanding
of harmony at all levels of our living.
5
When we have the right understanding, when we have the knowledge
of reality, it is definite, and then assuming becomes according to the
knowing, and hence recognizing and fulfilling becomes definite, or
according to knowing.
6. Until then, it is subject to beliefs and assumptions, and this keeps
changing. When we list these down :
Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 2-19 Y(CC-Sem-3 &4)
Knowing Assuming + Recognizing Fulflling
Or
Leads to Lesds to Leads to
Janana Mannaa Pahachanna
Leads to Leads to Leads toNirvaha-karana
Que 2.22. What do you mean by self introspections ?
AKTU2014-15TV), Marks 04
Answer
Self Introspections :
1. It is extremely important for us to understand ourselves as this
knowledge helps us to understand everything and everyone around us
in a better manner.
2 The Selfis the basis of everything we do.
3. Whether we want to eat an ice-cream, secure the first rank in class,
become rich and famous or go on a holiday, all these desires and
expectations are related to T.
4. And it is only by understanding the Self that we are able to understand
whether our desires are right or wrong.
5. The understanding of the Self also helps us to understand the reasons
for our happiness and unhappiness.
6 Thirdly, understanding the Self helps us to have a better understanding
of ourselves 'within'.
7 This clarity helps us to create a good synergy between the Self and the
Body.
8 Also, the more we understand ourselves, the better we are able to
understand our relationships with thosearound us.
9 Finally, this complete understanding helps us to understand our program
and how to fulfillit.

PART-4

Harmony of I with the Body Understanding Sanyam and Svasthya.

Questions-Answers
Long Answer Type and Medium Answer Type Questions

Que 2.23. Define sanyam and swasthya. How are the two related
AKTU2014-15(IV), Marks 04
 2-20 Y(CC-Sem-3 &4) Understanding Harmony in the Human Being
OR
Define sanyam (self-contro) and swasthya (health). Explain various
responsibility of T for the 'Body' in brief.
AKTU2015-16(TV), Marks 05

Answer
Sanyamn (Self-Control) and Swasthya (Health) :
1. Sanyama means the feeling of responsibility in the self () for nurturing,
protection and right utilization of the body.
2. Self-control or sanyama is the control of the mind and its desires, urges,
emotions and delusions.It is controlling the outgoing tendencies of the
mind and the senses and bringing them back to our self within.
3. Swasthya is the condition of the body where every part of the body is
performing its expected function. The word swasthya literally means
being anchored to the self, being in close harmony with the self.
4. In other words, swasthya, in Sanskrit me ans self-dependence
(swa = your own). Also, embedded in its meaning are health, sound
state, comfort and satisfaction.
5. So we can say that sanyam ensures swasthya.
6. With right understanding and right feelings, the body gets favourably
affected.
7. For example; when I am happy,the temperature and pressure in the
body are normal, when I am angry or tense, they get upset. It means if
Iam in disharmony, say in anger or stress or despair, it immediately
starts affecting the body adversely.
Que 2.24. Suggest any two programs that you can undertake to

improve the health of your body. AKTU 2016-17(TV,Marks 15

OR
How does the feeling of sanyam ensure health of the body? List twvo
programs of sanyam ? AKTU2015-16(1I), Marks 7.5|

Answer
The self has the responsibility for nurturing, protection and right
utilization of the body. For this self has to follow some programs. We
need to work to understand the selforganization of the body and ensure
health of the body.
1. Nurturing of the Body :
Proper Food, Air, Water, Ete. : In the process of selecting food for the
body, I need to make out the elements which make a complete food so
that it gives required nutrients and energy to the body. On the basis of
Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 2-21 Y(CC-Sem-3 &4)
understanding of the harmony of the self with the body, it can be said
that the food needs tobe eaten only when we feel hungry. The choice of
the food has to be such that it is easily digestible and the food needs to he
taken withproper posture of the body and in right quantity.
2 Protection of the Body :
The second issue is the protection of the body. The clothes we choose for
protection need to be such that they ensure proper interaction of the
body with the environment. The right amount of exposure of the body
to the air,water, and sun is required to ensure its proper functioning. To
ensure the health of the Body, we need to take care of the following: (i)
Ahar-Vihar, (ii) Shram- Vyayam, (iii) Asana-Pranayam and
(iv) Aushadhi-Chikitsa. We have already discussed about Ahar (Food),
let us now discuss about the others :
i. Proper upkeep (Vihar) of the Body:When we work, the Body gets
tired. When we take rest, the Body becomes fit to work. But again,
there is a limit to the amount of work and rest we need. We also need to
ensure proper time, posture and ways to work and to rest. We need to
provide hygienic conditions for proper functioning of the Body. These
issues are included in the upkeep of the Body.
ii. Labour:Labour is another requirement. It means employing the body
physically for production and maintenance of physical facilities. The
labour we do helps each part of the Body to function properly.
ii. Physical Exercises :We are aware of physical exercises. While doing
labour, some partsof the Body may get stressed much while others may
not get employed to that extent. With exercises, we can employ all the
parts of the Body in the desired way.
iv. Asan-Pranayam :This is another way to keep the Body function
properly. In Asanas, we give the body proper postures by sitting or lying,
and in Pranayam, we ensure regulation of the breathing
V. Treatment of the body : With all the care we take, the body may
require treatment at times. There are several approaches to ensure
this. It may be that just by going without food for some time, the Body
gets cured. Right choice for food may also help. The treatment of the
Body can be done by proper exposures of the Body to air, water or sun
too. Use of herbs or medicines may also serve the purpose. Here one
thing to understand is that, the system of the body works in a self
organized way and Ionly need to facilitate the self-organization of the
body by arranging for material things. One thing to take care about is
that while curing the Body of one problem, we need to choose ways
which do not give rise to other problems.
3. Right utilization of the body (Sadupyog) : Right utilization of the
Body as an instrument necessitates understanding the purpose for whicn
this instrument is to be used. Normally we tend to believe that the Body
is an instrument for sensory enjoyment, which is not correct. We also
 2-22 Y(CC-Sem-3&4) Understanding Harmony in the Human Being

happen to use our Body to exploit other human beingsor rest of the
nature which is also not right utilization. It is important to realize that
the human body is an instrument to facilitate right understanding and
its actualization in life. Ialso need to arrange for equipments/ instrurnents
for right utilization of the body. They increase the efficiency and capacity
of the body.

Que 2.25. Suggest programs to ensure proper functioning of your

body. Can we sustain them without right understanding ?
AKTU2018-19I), Marks 07

Answer
Our present lifestyle and conditionings are not very conductive to keep
the body fit and therefore it is important to understand sanyama and
swasthya correctly and maintain proper harmony with the body. As a
proposal, we need to work for the following few things :
1 To understand and live with sanyama.
2. To understand the self organization of the body and ensure health of the
body.
1. Understanding and Living with Sanyama : Sanyama implies that
the self takes the responsibility for proper nurturing, and right utilization
of the body. For this it is essential to understand the functioning of the
body instrument. It is also essential to understand that this instrument
has a limited life span and undergoes a pattern of growth and decay. The
interaction of the self with the body has to be in consonance with the
above objectives which are achieved through sanyama.
2 Understanding the self organization of the body and ensure
health of the body :Refer Q. 2.24, Page 2-20Y, Unit-2.

VERY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Following questions are very important. These questions
may be asked in your SESSIONALSas well as
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION.

Q.1. What do you mean by sukh and suvidha ?

Ans Refer Q. 2.1, Unit-2.
Q.2. What are the consequences of confusing between sukh and
suvidha ?
AE Refer Q. 2.2,Unit-2.
Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics 2-23 Y(CC-Sem-3 &a
Q.3. Why do human beings require both sukh and sud
(happiness and facility) ?
Ans Refer Q. 2.3, Unit-2.

Q.4. Analyze how the needs of the self are continuous in ti

and limited in quantity, while those of body are not.
Ans. Refer Q. 2.6, Unit-2.

Q.5. Human being is the co-existence of the self and body

Elaborate.
Ans. Refer Q. 2.7,Unit-2.
Q.6. Distinguish between the needs of the self() and the needs
of the body.
Ans. Refer Q. 2.8, Unit-2.

Q.7. Describe various activities of Tand Body'.

Ans. Refer Q. 2.9, Unit-2.
Q.8. What do you mean by Imagination ?
Ans. Refer Q. 2.12, Unit-2.

Q.9. What is preconditioning and their source ?

Ans. Refer Q. 2. 13, Unit-2.

Q. 10. How do sensations and preconditioning influence our

imagination ? Give two examples of each ?
Ans. Refer Q. 2.14, Unit-2.

Q. 11. I am seer, doer and enjoyer. The body is my instrument",

Explain.
Ans. Refer Q. 2.16, Unit-2.

Q. 12. How harmony in individual is possible ?

Ans. Refer Q. 2.17, Unit-2.

Q. 13. Harmony in T means understanding characteristics and

activities of T, Explain.
Ans. Refer Q. 2.18, Unit-2.
Q. 14. Explain the activities of realization and understanding
How do they lead to harmony in the activities of
Illustrate with an example.
Ans. Refer Q. 2.19, Unit-2.
Q. 15. Why do sensation and preconditioning lead to o
bondage ? Pointout the best method to regain our freedom
2-24 Y(CC-Sem-3 &4) Understanding Harmony in the Human Being

Ans Refer Q. 2.20, Unit-2.

Q.16. What do you mean by self introspections ?

Ans Refer Q. 2.22, Unit-2.
Q.17. Define sanyam and swasthya. How are the two related ?
Ans Refer Q. 2.23, Unit-2.

Q. 18. Suggest any two programs that you can undertake to

improve the health of your body.
Ans Refer Q. 2.24, Unit-2.
Q. 19. Suggest programs to ensure proper functioning of your
body. Can we sustain them without right understan ding ?
Anss Refer Q.2.25, Unit-2.