USN 20CSE321

Third Semester M.Tech. Degree Examination, Feb./Mar. 2022

Design Concepts of Substructures

Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100

2. Any revealing of identification, appeal to evaluator and /or equations written eg, 42+8 = 50, will be treated as malpractice.

Note: 1. Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing ONE full question from each module.
2. Relevant IS code books are permitted.

Module-1
1 a. Explain static cone penetration test procedure.
b.
Important Note : 1. On completing your answers, compulsorily draw diagonal cross lines on the remaining blank pages.

Explain various types of soil samplers.

What are the conditions at which mat foundations to be adopted?
Illustrate how the type of foundation in changes with soil condition.
2 a.
b. Module-2
Compare bearing capacity of sand with clay. (10 Marks)
Explain plate load test procedure. (10 Marks)
3 a.
b. OR
Discuss the parameter to be considered for the footing on slopes. (10 Marks)
Explain about construction of foundation of different soil formation with illustration.
4 a. (10 Marks)
b.
Module-3
Proportion a strap footing for the following data:
Allowable pressures: 150kN/m2 for DL + reduced LL 225kN/m2 for DL + LL.
5 a. Column loads Column A Column B
DL 540kN 690kN
LL 400kN 810kN
Proportion the footing for uniform pressure under DL + reduce LL. Distance C/C of
columns = 5.4. Check whether safe or not. (10 Marks)

Proportion a rectangular combined footing for uniform pressure under dead load plus
reduced live load, the following data, allowable soil pressure 150kN/m 2 for DL + reduced
b. LL, 225kN/n2 for DL + LL
Column loads Column A Column B
DL 540kN 690kN
LL 400kN 810kN
Distance C/C of columns = 5.4m, projection of footing beyond the column A = 0.5m.
(10 Marks)

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OR
6 a. Compute the safe bearing capacity of a continuous footing 1.8m wide, and located at a depth
of 1.2m below ground level in a soil with unit weight V = 20kN/m3, C = 20kN/m2 and
 = 20. Assume a factor of safety of 2.5. Terzaghi, bearing capacity factors for  = 20 are
Nc = 17.7, Nq = 7.4 and Nv = 5.0, what is the permissible load per meter run of the footing?
(10 Marks)
b. Compute the safe bearing capacity of a square footing 1.5m  1.5m, located at a depth of
1m below the ground level in a soil of average density 20kN/m3  = 20, Nc = 17.7, Nq = 7.4
and Nv = 5.0. Assume a suitable factor of safety and that the water table is very deep. Also
compute the reduction in safe bearing capacity of the footing if the water table rises to the
ground level. (10 Marks)

Module-4
7 a. Design a square pile group to carry 400kN in clay with an unconfined compression strength
of 60kN/m2. The piles are 30cm diameter and 6m long. Adhesion factor may be taken as 0.6.
(10 Marks)
b. Explain the concept of Winklers hypothesis. (10 Marks)

OR
8 a. A square group of 9 piles was driven into soft clay extending to a large depth. The diameter
and length of the piles were 90cm and 9m respectively. If the unconfined compression
strength of the clay is 90kN/m2, and the pile spacing is 90cm centre to centre, what is the
capacity of the group? Assume the factor of safety of 2.5 and adhesion factor of 0.75.
(10 Marks)
b. Discuss about the development of negative skin friction in cohesion, cohesionless soil.
(10 Marks)

Module-5
9 a. Determine the cross-sectional dimensions of a cylindrical open caissons to be sunk through
33m of sand and water to bed rock if the allowable bearing pressure is 1800kN/m 2. The
caisson has to support a load of 55kN from the super structure. Test the feasibility of sinking
if the skin friction is 30kN/m2. Also calculate the necessary thickness of a seal. (10 Marks)
b. What are the remedial measures to be taken for rectifications of tilts and ships? (10 Marks)

OR
10 a. A circular well has an external diameter of 7.5m and is sunk into a sandy soil to a depth of
20m below the maximum scour level. The resultant horizontal force is 1800kN. The well is
subjected to a moment of 36,000kN m about the maximum scour level due to the lateral
force. Determine whether the well is safe against lateral forces, assuming the well to rotate
i) about a point above the base, and ii) about the base, Assume V = 10kN/m3, and  = 36.
Use Terzaghis analysis, and a factor of safety of 2 against passive resistance. (10 Marks)
b. Discuss the different shapes of cross section of well used in practice by giving the merits and
demerits. (10 Marks)

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