THE COPPERBELT UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURALK SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

PH 110 INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS

TUTORIAL 5, 6 and 7

Static Equilibrium
1. Define static equilibrium and net torque
2. State two conditions sufficient for static equilibrium to occur.
3. An electric light fixture weighing 15 N hangs from a point C, by two strings AC and BC.
The string AC is inclined at 60 0 to the horizontal and BC at 45 0 to the vertical as shown
in the figure below. Determine the tensions in strings AC and BC.

4. The uniform beam of mass 45 kg supports a load of mass 60 kg as shown in the figure
below. Find the tension in the tie rope.

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5. A uniform ladder is 5.0m long and weighs 400N. The ladder rests against a slipping
vertical wall as shown below. The inclination angle between the ladder and the rough
floor is 53°. Find the reaction forces from the floor and from the wall on the ladder and
the coefficient of static friction at the interface of the ladder with the floor that prevents
the ladder from slipping.

6. Three blocks of mass 4kg, 8kg and 7 kg are connected as shown in the figure below. If
the system is in static equilibrium,

(a) Sketch of the free body diagrams

(b) Determine the coefficient of static friction between the 8 kg mass and the table,
(c) Determine the tension in each cord.

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 7. The system in Figure is in equilibrium with the string in the center exactly horizontal.
Find
(a) FBD for each mass
(b) tensions T1, T2, and T3
(c) angle θ ,

Work, Energy and Power

1. (a) Define:
(i) Gravitational potential energy
(ii) Mechanical Energy
(iii) Conservation of Mechanical Energy
(iv) work
(v) Energy
(vi) Power
(vii) Work energy theorem
(viii) Extended work energy theorem
(ix) Conservative forces

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 (x) Non-conservative forces
(b) What should the angle between applied force and displacement be to get the
(i) minimum work;
(ii) maximum work?

2. (a) The work done by the heart is 1 Joule per beat. Calculate the power of the heart if it
beats 72 times in one minute.

⃗ ̂
(̂ ̂
3. How much work is done if a particle moves from a position r1 = 2 i +3 j -5 k m to a )
⃗
( ̂ ̂ ̂
) ⃗ ̂
(̂ ̂
position r2 = 14 i +13 j -9 k m under the effect of a force F = 4 i + j +2 k N? )
4. A block slides across a horizontal tabletop with an initial velocity of 6 m/s and comes to
rest in a distance of 4 m. Use the work energy theorem to calculate the coefficient of
kinetic friction between the block and surface of the table.

5. A trunk of mass 50 kg initially at rest is pulled up a rough plane which is inclined to the
horizontal at an angle of 30°, by applying a force of 300 N acting in a direction parallel to
the incline. It is found that the trunk moves with a constant acceleration of 1.5 m/s2. If
the trunk moves a distance of 5 m from the initial position, calculate
(a) the work done by the applied force and friction
(b) the gain in gravitational potential energy of the trunk
(c) the instantaneous power of the pulling force.

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6. A train of mass 4×10 kg starts from rest and travels on a horizontal straight track with
constant acceleration of 2 m/s2. The train moves against a resistance to motion of
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2×10 N. Find the power output of the engine at an instant when time t = 10 s after the
motion starts.

7. A bullet of mass 100 g is fired upwards with an initial velocity of 200 m/s.
(a) Find the initial force on the bullet (Note: Use Newton’s second law, may = ∑Fy)

(b) The power of the gun

8. A woman pulls a box of mass 15kg across a rough surface by a constant force of 70N

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 applied at an angle 20° above the horizontal. If the box undergoes a displacement 5m
to the right, and the coefficient of kinetic friction 0.3 then determine work done by:
a) The applied force;
b) The frictional force;
c) Force of gravity;
d) The reaction (normal) force; and
e) The net force.

9. a) State the principle of conservation of energy.

(b) A ball of mass 0.20 kg is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity of 20 m/s.
Calculate the maximum potential energy it gains as it goes up.

10. (a) The driver of a moving car moving at 100 km/h applied the brakes. The brakes
produced an average stopping force of 8000 N and the car stopped having travelled 20
m after the brakes were applied. Calculate the
(i) work done in stopping the car.
(ii) Power of the breaks
(b) An Eskimo is pulling 50.0 kg sled across level terrain with a force of 50.0 N. If he
does 4.00 x 102 J of work on the sled while exerting the force horizontally, through
what distance must he have pushed it?
(c) If (in part (b) above) he exerts the same force in (c), at an angle of 45.0° with respect
to the horizontal and moves the sled through the same distance, how much work
does he do on the sled?

Linear Momentum and Collisions

1. Define
(i) An isolated system
(ii) linear momentum
(iii) Impulse in terms of net force
(iv) Impulse in terms of momentum
(v) Perfect elastic collision
(vi) Perfect inelastic collision
(vii) Inelastic collision

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2. Identify the type of collision in each of these cases
(i) Objects collide with without loss of kinetic energy
(ii) Object explodes into several fragments
(iii) Objects collide amd get entangled
(iv) A bullet is fired from a gun
3. A billiard ball of mass 170g moving with velocity 4 2 m/s strikes a rigid wall and get
reflected without any loss of speed, calculate the impulse imparted on the ball if it:
a) Strikes normally on the wall
b) Strikes at angle 45° with the normal to the will
4. A 40g ball is travelling to the right at 3m/s while it collides elastically with a 80g ball
that is at rest. What is the velocity of each ball after collision?
5. A projectile of mass m moving along the x axis with speed 10 3 m/s collides elastically
with a stationary target of mass 2m. After collision, the projectile is deflected at an
angle 90°.
a) What are the speed and the angle of the target after the collision?
b) What is the final speed of the projectile?
6. Two particles with masses m and 3m are moving toward each other along the x - axis
with the same initial velocities, vs. Particle m is travelling to the right. They undergo an
elastic glancing collision such that particle m is moving downward after the collision at
right angles from its initial direction.
a) Find the velocities of the two particles.
b) What is the angle θ at which the particle 3 m is scattered?

7. State the principle of

(i) Conservation of kinetic energy
(ii) Conservation of momentum.

8. (a) A 1.0 kg object travelling at 1.0 m/s collides head on with a 2.0 kg object initially at
rest. Find the velocity of each object after impact if the collision is elastic.

(b) Suppose the collision in (a) was perfectly inelastic.

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 Find:(i) the velocity of the objects after impact and
(ii) the fraction of the kinetic energy lost during the collision.

9. A billiard ball moving at 5.00 m/s strikes a stationary ball of the same mass. After the
collision, the first ball moves at 4.33 m/s at an angle of 300 with respect to the original
line of motion. Assuming an elastic collision (and ignoring friction and rotational
motion), find the struck ball’s velocity.

10. (a) A bullet of mass 15.8 x 10-3 kg is fired from a pistol into a ballistic pendulum whose
block is of mass 5.68 kg. The bullet-block combination rises through a vertical distance
of 7.79 x 10-2 m as shown below. What was the speed of the bullet just before hitting the
block if the collision was perfectly elastic?

11. A block of mass m is released from rest and slides down a slope and onto a flat
surface, changing its vertical height by h.

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a) What is the velocity of the block as it slides past point A on the flat surface? (Assume
throughout that there is no friction.)
b) As the block slides across the surface, it collides with another object of mass M. In the
collision, the two objects stick together. What is the velocity of the combined objects
after the collision