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Module 22 Empowerment 12

The document provides a comprehensive guide on basic web page creation using HTML, including its structure, common tags, and formatting options. It covers various elements such as images, links, lists, tables, frames, forms, and special characters, along with their attributes. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of CSS for styling and layout in web design.

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reiddell12
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10 views

Module 22 Empowerment 12

The document provides a comprehensive guide on basic web page creation using HTML, including its structure, common tags, and formatting options. It covers various elements such as images, links, lists, tables, frames, forms, and special characters, along with their attributes. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of CSS for styling and layout in web design.

Uploaded by

reiddell12
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NAME: ___________________________ (ALWAYS WRITE YOU NAME)

SECTION : _________________
Module No.: 22 Empowerment Technology
Date: April 18-22, 2022

WEB PAGE CREATIONS AND CONCEPTS (PART 2)

BASIC WEB PAGE CREATION


The HyperText Markup Language, or HTML is the standard markup language for documents designed
to be displayed in a web browser. It can be assisted by technologies such as Cascading Style
Sheets (CSS) and scripting languages such as JavaScript.
Web browsers receive HTML documents from a web server or from local storage and render the
documents into multimedia web pages. HTML describes the structure of a web page semantically and
originally included cues for the appearance of the document.
HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML constructs, images and other objects
such as interactive forms may be embedded into the rendered page. HTML provides a means to
create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs,
lists, links, quotes and other items. HTML can embed programs written in a scripting language such
as JavaScript, which affects the behavior and content of web pages. Inclusion of CSS defines the look
and layout of content. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), former maintainer of the HTML and
current maintainer of the CSS standards, has encouraged the use of CSS over explicit presentational
HTML since 1997.
Basic HTML Structure
<html>
<head>
<title>website title</title>
</head>
<body>
content of website ...
</body>
</html>
Common Tags for Blogs
<h?> heading </h?> Heading (h1 for largest to h6 for smallest)
<p> paragraph </p> Paragraph of Text
<b> bold </b> Make text between tags bold
<i> italic </i> Make text between tags italic
<a href="url"> link name </a> Create a link to another page or website
<div> ... </div> Divide up page content into sections, and applying styles
<img src="filename.jpg"> Show an image
<ul> <li> list </li> </ul> Unordered, bullet-point list
<br> Line Break (force a new line)
<span style="color:red"> red </span> Use CSS style to change text colour
Text Formatting
<h?> ... </h?> Heading (?= 1 for largest to 6 for smallest, eg h1)
<b> ... </b> Bold Text
<i> ... </i> Italic Text
<u> ... </u> Underline Text
<strike> ... </strike> Strikeout
<sup> ... </sup> Superscript - Smaller text placed below normal text
<sub> ... </sub> Subscript - Smaller text placed below normal text
<small> ... </small> Small - Fineprint size text
<tt> ... </tt> Typewriter Text
<pre> ... </pre> Pre-formatted Text
<blockquote> ... </blockquote> Text Block Quote
<strong> ... </strong> Strong - Shown as Bold in most browsers
<em> ... </em> Emphasis - Shown as Italics in most browsers
<font> ... </font> Font tag obsolete, use CSS. (*)

Section Divisions
div> ... </div> Division or Section of Page Content
<span> ... </span> Section of text within other content
<p> ... </p> Paragraph of Text
<br> Line Break
<hr> Basic Horizontal Line
<hr> Tag Attributes:
size="?" Line Thickness in pixels
width="?" Line Width in pixels
width="??%" Line Width as a percentage
color="#??????" Line Colour (*)
align="?" Horizontal Alignment: left, center, right (*)
noshade No 3D cut-out
<nobr> ... </nobr> Line Break
Images
<img src="url" alt="text"> Basic Image
<img> Tag Attributes:
src="url" URL or filename of image (required!)
alt="text" Alternate Text (required!)
align="?" Image alignment within surrounding text (*)
width="??" Image width (in pixels or %)
height="??" Image height (in pixels or %)
border="??" Border thickness (in pixels) (*)
vspace="??" Space above and below image (in pixels) (*)
hspace="??" Space on either side of image (in pixels) (*)
Linking Tags
<a href="url"> link text </a> Basic Link
<a> Tag Attributes:
href="url" Location (url) of page to link to.
name="??" Name of link (name of anchor, or name of bookmark)
target="?" Link target location: _self, _blank, _top, _parent.
href="url#bookmark" Link to a bookmark (defined with name attribute).
href="mailto:email" Link which initiates an email (dependant on user's email client).
Lists
<ol> ... </ol> Ordered List
<ul> ... </ul> Un-ordered List
<li> ... </li> List Item (within ordered or unordered)
<ol type="?"> Ordered list type: A, a, I, i, 1
<ol start="??"> Ordered list starting value
<ul type="?"> Unordered list bullet type: disc, circle, square
<li value="??"> List Item Value (changes current and subsequent items)
<li type="??"> List Item Type (changes only current item)
<dl> ... </dl> Definition List
<dt> ... </dt> Term or phrase being defined
<dd> ... </dd> Detailed Definition of term
Tables
<table> ... </table> Define a Table
<table> Tag Attributes:
border="?" Thickness of outside border
bordercolor="#??????" Border Colour
cellspacing="?" Space between cells (pixels)
cellpadding="?" Space between cell wall and content
align="??" Horizontal Alignment: left, center, right (*)
bgcolor="#??????" Background Colour (*)
width="??" Table Width (pixels or %) (*)
height="??" Table Height (pixels or %) (*)
<tr> ... </tr> Table Row within table
<th> ... </th> Header Cell within table row
<td> ... </td> Table Cell within table row
<td> Tag Attributes:
colspan="?" Number of columns the cell spans across (cell merge)
rowspan="?" Number of row a cell spans across (cell merge)
width="??" Cell Width (pixels or %) (*)
height="??" Cell Height (pixels or %) (*)
bgcolor="#??????" Background Colour (*)
align="??" Horizontal Alignment: left, center, right (*)
valign="??" Vertical Alignment: top, middle, bottom (*)
nowrap Force no line breaks in a particular cell
Frames
<frameset> ... </frameset> Define the set of Frames
<frameset> Tag Attributes:
rows="??,??, ..." Define row sizes & number of rows (size in pixels or %)
cols="??,??, ..." Define column sizes & number of columns (size in pixels or %)
noresize="noresize" User cannot resize any frames in frameset
<frame> ... </frame> Define a frame within the frameset
<frame> Tag Attributes:
src="url" Location of HTML File for a frame
name="***" Unique name of frame window
marginwidth="?" Horizontal margin spacing inside frame (pixels)
marginheight="?" Vertical margin spacing inside frame (pixels)
noresize="noresize" Declare all frameset sizes as fixed
scrolling="***" Can the user scroll inside the frame: yes, no, auto
frameborder="?" Frame Border: (1=yes, 2=no)
bordercolor="#??????" Border Colour (*)
<noframes> ... </noframes> Unframed content (for browsers not supporting frames)

Forms
<form> ... </form> Form input group decleration
<form> Tag Attributes:
action="url" URL of Form Script
method="***" Method of Form: get, post
enctype="***" For File Upload: enctype="multipart/form-data"
<input> ... </input> Input field within form
<input> Tag Attributes:
type="***" Input Field Type: text, password, checkbox, submit etc.
name="***" Form Field Name (for form processing script)
value="***" Value of Input Field
size="***" Field Size
maxlength="?" Maximum Length of Input Field Data
checked Mark selected field in radio button group or checkbox
<select> ... </select> Select options from drop down list
<select> Tag Attributes:
name="***" Drop Down Combo-Box Name (for form processing script)
size="?" Number of selectable options
multiple Allow multiple selections
<option> ... </option> Option (item) within drop down list
<option> Tag Attributes:
value="***" Option Value
selected Set option as default selected option
<textarea> ... </textarea> Large area for text input
<textarea> Tag Attributes:
name="***" Text Area Name (for form processing script)
rows="?" Number of rows of text shown
cols="?" Number of columns (characters per rows)
wrap="***" Word Wrapping: off, hard, soft
Special Characters
&lt; < - Less-Than Symbol
&gt; > - Greater-Than Symbol
&amp; & - Ampersand, or 'and' sign
&quot; " - Quotation Mark
&copy; © - Copyright Symbol
&trade; ™ - Trademark Symbol
&nbsp; - A space (non-breaking space)
&#??; ISO 8859-1 character - replace ?? with the iso code

Miscellaneous Tags
<!-- ... --> Comment within HTML source code
<!DOCTYPE html ... > Document Type Definition (wiki)
<meta> ... </meta> META information tag
<meta> Tag Attributes:
name="***" Meta name: description, keywords, author
http-equiv="***" HTTP Equivalent Info: title, etc.
content="***" Information content
<link> LINK content relationship tag
<link> Tag Attributes:
rel="***" Type of forward relationship
http="url" Location (URL) of object or file being linked
type="***" Type of object or file, eg: text/css
title="***" Link title (optional)
Body Background & Colours

<body> Tag Attributes:


background="url" Background Image (*)
bgcolor="#??????" Background Colour (*)
text="#??????" Document Text Colour (*)
link="#??????" Link Colour (*)
vlink="#??????" Visited Link Colour (*)
alink="#??????" Active Link Colour (*)
Background Properties - "Fixed" = non-scrolling
bgproperties="fixed"
watermark (*)
leftmargin="?" Side Margin Size in Pixels (Internet Explorer) (*)
topmargin="?" Top Margin Size in Pixels (Internet Explorer) (*)

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