KARPAGA VINAYAGA

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Chinna Kolambakkam, Madhurantakam Tk, 603308

DEPARTMENT OF
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND DATA SCIENCE

CCW331
BUSINESS ANALYTICS LABORATORY

NAME :

REGISTER NO :

BRANCH :

SEM/YEAR :
 KARPAGA VINAYAGA
COLLEGE ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Chinnakolambakkam, Madurantakam Tk, 603308

Name ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Year……………………….. Semester ……………… Branch ………………………………………………………………………………

University Registration No: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Certified that this is a bonafide record of work done by the above student in the ………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………… Laboratory during the year ………………………………

________________________ ______________________________

Signature of Staff In-Charge Signature of Head of the Department

Submitted for the University Practical Examination held on …………………………………………………………….

_________________________ __________________________

Signature of Internal Examiner Signature of External Examiner

 INDEX

EX.NO DATE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT PAGE MARK STAFF

SIGN
1 04-03-25 Explore the features of Ms- Excel. 01 - 07

(i) Get the input from user and perform

2 04-03-25 numerical operations (MAX, MIN, AVG, 08 - 16
SUM, SQRT, ROUND)
ii) Perform data import/export operations
for different file formats.
3 04-03-25 Perform statistical operations - Mean, 17 - 20
Median, Mode and Standard deviation,
Variance

4 18-03-25
Perform Z-test, T-test & ANOVA
21 - 29

5 18-03-25
Perform data pre-processing operations
30 - 34
i) Handling Missing data
ii) Normalization

6 18-03-25 Perform dimensionality reduction operation 35 - 36

using PCA, KPCA & SVD

7 01-04-25 Perform bivariate and 37 – 42

multivariate analysis on the dataset.

8 01-04-25 Apply and explore various plotting functions 43 – 44

on the dataset.

9 08-04-25 Explore the features of Power BI Desktop 45 – 51

10 08-04-25 Prepare & Load data 52 – 54

11 08-04-25 Develop the data model 55 - 56

12 15-04-25 Perform DAX calculations 57 – 60

13 15-04-25 Design a report 61 – 63

14 06-05-25 Create a dashboard and perform data analysis 64 – 69

15 06-05-25 Presentation of a case study 70 - 71

 1

EX NO: 1 EXPLORE THE FEATURES OF MS-EXCEL

DATE: 04-03-25

AIM:
To explore the features of MS-EXCEL

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office

Step 2: Enter text or a number in a cell
Step 3: Change the width of a column
Step 4: Enter And Edit Formula in Excel
Step 5: Wrap text in a cell
Step 6: Enter And Edit Formula in Excel
Step 7: Perform Auto fill and custom fill In Excel
Step 8: Save the file in desired location
Step 9: Close the Ms Excel application
 2

Features of MS-EXCEL

What is Excel? Excel Definition

Microsoft's Excel spreadsheet programme is a part of the Office family of business software
programmes. Users of Microsoft Excel can format, arrange, and compute data in a
spreadsheet.
By organising data using tools like Excel, Data Analysts or other users can make information
easier to examine when data is added or altered. The Microsoft Office and Office 365 suites
include Excel, which works with the other Office programmes. The spreadsheet application
can
be used on Windows, macOS, Android, and iOS devices.
Parts of MS-Excel window:

Quick Access Toolbar – Collection of buttons that provide one click access to commonly
used
commands such as Save, Undo or Redo. You can also customize this according to your
preference.
Title Bar – A bar the display the name of active workbook
Ribbon – The main set of commands and controls organized task in Tabs and groups, you can
also customize the ribbon according to your preference.

Column Headings – The letters that appear along the top of the worksheet to identify the
different columns in the worksheet.
Worksheet Window – A window that displays an Excel worksheet, basically this is where
you
work all the tasks.
Vertical Scroll Bar – Scroll bar to use when you want to scroll vertically through the
Worksheet window.

Horizontal Scroll Bar – Scroll bar to use when you want to scroll horizontally through the
worksheet window.
Zoom Controls – Used for magnifying and shrinking of the active worksheet.
View Shortcuts – Buttons used to change how the worksheet content is displayed. Normal,
Page Layout or Page Break Preview.
Sheet Tabs – Tabs the display the name of the worksheet in the workbook, by default its
name
 3

sheet 1, sheet 2, etc. You can rename this to any name the best represent to your sheet.
Sheet Tab Scrolling Buttons – Buttons to scroll the sheet tabs in the workbook
Row Headings – The number that appears on the left of the worksheet window to identify the
Different rows.
Select All Button – A button that selects all the cells in the active worksheet
Active Cell – The cell selected in the active worksheet
Name Box – A box that displays the cell reference of the active cell
Formula Bar – A bar that displays the value or formula entered in the active cell
Office Button/File Tab – It provides access to workbook level features and program settings.
You will notice that in Excel 2007 there is a circle

Features of Ms-Excel
Microsoft excel is an integrated electronic spread sheet program developed by Microsoft
corporation.It includes the following features.

Autocalc: This feature is very useful to sum a group of numbers is selected them. Their sum
will automatically appear in the status area.
Auto complete: Excel now intelligence to anticipate what you are going to type! Based upon
entries you’ve already made, AutoComplete will try to figure out what you intended to
type,
once you’ve entered few letters.
Autocorrect: Excel can support automatically correct mistakes.
Better Drag-and-Drop: Do you want to move a group of cells? Excel’s drag and drop
feature lets
you reposition selected portion of your spreadsheet by simply dragging them with your
mouse.
Cell tips and Scroll Tips: To help you get around better with mouse, Excel now includes
scroll
tips. When you click and drag a scroll bar, a small window tells you what row or column you are
heading for.

Number Formatting: It’s easy to format numbers with excel’s new number formatting
feature.
Select your numbers and choose cells command from format menu.

Templates and Template wizard: Excel’s template facility has been greatly enhanced. You
can
choose from a variety of elegantly designed templates for your home or business. You can
even
have a template wizard link your worksheets to a database.
Shared Lists: you can now have worksheets that are shared simultaneously over a network.
Conditional Formatting:Conditional formatting helps users to quickly focus on important
aspects of a spreadsheet or to highlight errors and to identify important patterns in data.
 4

Sorting and Filtering: Excel spreadsheets help us make sense of large amounts of data. To
make it easier to find what you need, you can reorder the data or pick out just the data you
need,
based on parameters you set within Excel. Sorting and filtering your data will save you time
and make your spreadsheet more effective.
Excel Charts: Excel charts help you communicate insights & information with ease. By
choosing your charts wisely and formatting them cleanly, you can convey a lot.
ENTERING AND EDITING DATA IN WORKSHEET
You have several options when you want to enter data manually in Excel. You can enter data
in
one cell, in several cells at the same time, or on more than one worksheet at the same time.
The
data that you enter can be numbers, text, dates, or times. You can format the data in a variety
of
ways. And, there are several settings that you can adjust to make data entry easier for you.
Enter text or a number in a cell
1. On the worksheet, click a cell.
2. Type the numbers or text that you want to enter, and then press Enter or Tab.
To enter data on a new line within a cell, enter a line break by pressing
Alt+Enter Editing text or a number in a cell
1. Double click the cell containing the data you want to edit.
2. Make any changes to the cell contents.
3. Press enter key. The change will accept. To cancel your changes, press Ese key.
Change the width of a column
a. Click the cell for which you want to change the column width.
b. On the Home tab, in the Cells group, click Format

c. Under Cell Size, do one of the following:

To fit all text in the cell, click AutoFit Column Width.
To specify a larger column width, click Column Width, and then type the width
 5

that you want in the Column width box.

If there are multiple lines of text in a cell, some of the text might not be displayed the way
that
you want. You can display multiple lines of text inside a cell by wrapping the text.
Wrap text in a cell
a. Click the cell in which you want to wrap the text.
b. On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click Wrap Text.

Enter And Edit Formula In Excel

A formula performs calculations or other actions on the data in your worksheet. A formula
always
starts with an equal sign (=), which can be followed by numbers, math operators (like a + or -
sign
for addition or subtraction), and built-in Excel functions, which can really expand the power
of a Formula.

For Example, in the above worksheet, the formula = B5+C5+D+ adds the contents
10+20+30and produce the results. One can enter and edit formula in two ways.
1. Directly into cell by double clicking where the formula wants.
2. At formula bar after selection of required cell.
To edit an existing formula
Click on the cell which contains the formula or results
Click in formula bar make necessary changes.
Press enter key or click on check mark.
 6

Number Formatting in excel

It is very common to enter various types of numbers for various applications. In Excel, you
can
use
number formats to change the appearance of numbers, including dates and times, without
changing the number behind the appearance. The number format does not affect the actual
cell
value, it changes the appearance only.
1. Select the cell or cells which contain numbers.
2. On the home tab, under Number group click on down arrow mark.
Right click your mouse; from the short hand menu select format cell option
3. It launches Formula cells window. Click on Number tab.
4. It lists all categories of number formatting like general, number, currency,
accounting, date, time, and percentage.
5. Select the suitable format and its sub options, click ok button.
6. The numbers in the selected cells will display as per new format.

Auto fill and custom fill

Autofill is one of the feature present in the ms excel. When you’re typing a day, month, year
and number the automatic series will be appeared by dragging it. This feature is called
Autofill. For Example if your typed “Jan” and then dragged then it displays months form” Jan to dec”
like
 7

RESULT:
The features of MS-EXCEL explored successfully and displayed desired output
in neat format.
 8

EX NO: 2a NUMERICAL OPERATIONS (MAX, MIN, AVG, SUM, SQRT, ROUND)

DATE: 04-03-25

AIM:
To implement numerical operations using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: Calculate the Maximum of the given marks using max function.

Step 4: Calculate the Minimum of the given marks using MIN function.

Step 5: Calculate the average of the given marks using average function.

Step 6: Calculate the sum of the given marks using sum function.

Step 7: Calculate the square root of the given mark using SQRT function
.
Step 8: Calculate the Round of the given mark using Roundup function.

Step 9: Display the desired output of all numerical operation in neat format.

Step 10: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application
 9

Finding Maximum of the given marks

Finding Minimum of the given marks

Finding average of the given marks

 10

Finding sum of the given marks

Finding SQRT of the given marks

Finding Round of the given marks

 11

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The numerical operations were implemented using MS-EXCEL successfully and
the desired output was displayed.
 12

EX NO: 2b Perform data import/export operations for different file formats

DATE: 04-03-25

AIM:
To perform data import/export operations for different file formats using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: Save the excel file.

Step 4: Export the file into CSV file using file menu and export option.

Step 5: Next, import CSV file using data menu and get data option.

Step 6: Display the desired output in neat format.

Step 7: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application
 13

DATA IMPORT/EXPORT OPERATIONS FOR

DIFFERENT FILE FORMATS
Data Import/Export Operations for Different File Formats
Excel can import and export many different file types aside from the standard .xslx format. If
your data is shared between other programs, like a database, you may need to save data as a
different file type or bring in files of a different file type.
EXPORT DATA

When you have data that needs to be transferred to another system, export it from Excel in a
format that can be interpreted by other programs, such as a text or CSV file.
1. Click the File tab.

2. At the left, click Export.

3. Click the Change File Type.
4. Under Other File Types, select a file type.
o Text (Tab delimited): The cell data will be separated by a tab.
o CSV (Comma delimited): The cell data will be separated by a comma.
o Formatted Text (space delimited): The cell data will be separated by a space.
o Save as Another File Type: Select a different file type when the Save As
dialog box appears.
The file type you select will depend on what type of file is required by the program that
will consume the exported data.
5. Click Save As.

6. Specify where you want to save the file.

7. Click Save.

A dialog box appears stating that some of the workbook features may be lost.

8. Click Yes.
 14

OUTPUT FOR EXPORTING THE FILE

Import Data

Excel can import data from external data sources including other files, databases, or web
pages.
1. Click the Data tab on the Ribbon..
2. Click the Get Data button.
Some data sources may require special security access, and the connection process can
often be very complex. Enlist the help of your organization’s technical support staff for
assistance.
3. Select From File.
4. Select From Text/CSV.
 15

If you have data to import from Access, the web, or another source, select one of those
options in the Get External Data group instead.
5. Select the file you want to import.
6. Click Import.

If, while importing external data, a security notice appears saying that it is connecting
to an external source that may not be safe, click OK.

1. Verify the preview looks correct.

Because we've specified the data is separated by commas, the delimiter is already set. If
you need to change it, it can be done from this menu.

2. Click Load.
 16

OUTPUT FOR IMPORT THE FILE:

RESULT:
The data import/export operations for different file formats were preformed successfully
using MS-EXCEL.
 17

EX NO: 3 PERFORM STATISTICAL OPERATIONS

[Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation, Variance, Skewness, Kurtosis]
DATE: 04-03-25

AIM:
To Perform statistical operations using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the Microsoft
Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-Ins ,
Click Go, check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok

Step 4: Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data
Analysis >> Descriptive Statistics]

Step 5: In the Input Range we select the data, and then select Output Range where
you want the output to be stored. If you don’t specify the output range it
will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 6: Check Summary Statistics and Confidence Level for Mean options. By
default the confidence level is 95%. You can change the level as per the
hypothesis standard of study.

Step 7: When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range.

Step 8: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
 18

PERFORM STATISTICAL OPERATIONS

19
 20

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The statistical operations were performed successfully using MS-EXCEL
and the desired output was displayed in neat format.
 21

EX NO: 4A PERFORM Z-TEST

DATE: 18-03-25

AIM:
To Perform Z-test operations using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the Microsoft
Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-Ins ,
Click Go, check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok

Step 4: Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data
Analysis >>z-test two sample means]

Step 5: In the Input Range we select range of the data for variable 1 and variable 2
and Give variable 1 and variable 2 value as 0.5. then select Output Range
where you want the output to be stored. If you don’t specify the output range
it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 6: Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 7: When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range.

Step 8: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
22
 23

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The Z-test operation was performed successfully using MS-EXCEL and the
desired output was displayed in neat format.
 24

EX NO: 4B PERFORM T-TEST

DATE: 18-03-25

AIM:
To Perform T-test operations using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the Microsoft
Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-Ins ,
Click Go, check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok

Step 4: Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data
Analysis >> T-test Paired two sample for means]

Step 5: In the Input Range we select range of the data for variable 1 and variable
2 and Give alpha value as 0.05. then select Output Range where you want
the output to be stored. If you don’t specify the output range it will throw
output in the new worksheet.

Step 6: Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 7: When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range.

Step 8: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
25
 26

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The T-test operation was performed successfully using MS-EXCEL and the
desired output was displayed in neat format.
 27

EX NO: 4C PERFORM ANOVA OPERATIONS

DATE: 18-03-25

AIM:
To Perform ANOVA operations using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the Microsoft
Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-Ins ,
Click Go, check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok

Step 4: Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data
Analysis >> Anova : Single factor ]

Step 5: In the Input Range we select range of the data and Give alpha value as 0.05.
then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 6: Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 7: When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range.

Step 8: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
28
 29

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The ANOVA operations was performed successfully using MS-EXCEL and the
desired output was displayed in neat format.
 30

EX NO: 5A Perform data pre-processing operations – Handling Missing data

DATE: 18-03-25

AIM:
To handle the missing data in data pre-processing operations on the dataset using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: If you haven't already installed the PrimaXL Addin, install it. Click the
PrimaXL tab , choose missing

Step 4: In the Input Range we select marks of all subjects with missing values and
select the Choice as “filling of the missing data by taking average” or ”
filling of the missing data by random pick”.

Step 5: Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you don’t
specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 6: Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 7: When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range.

Step 8: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
31
 32

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The missing data on dataset was handled successfully using MS-EXCEL
and the desired output was displayed in neat format.
 33

EX NO: 5B Perform data pre-processing operations - Normalization

DATE: 18-03-25

AIM:
To normalize in the given dataset using MS-EXCEL.

Normalization (Or Min-Max scaling) data in excel

It is the process of scaling data in such a way that all data points lie in a range of 0 to 1.
Thus, this technique, makes it possible to bring all data points to a common scale. The
mathematical formula for normalization is given as:

where X is the data point, Xmax and Xmin are the maximum and minimum value in the group of
records respectively. The process of normalization is generally used when the distribution of
data does not follow the Gaussian distribution.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for sales data in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: Find maximum and minimum values of given data set.

Step 4: Calculate the difference between maximum and minimum values

Step 5: Apply the normalization formula using maximum value, minimum value and
difference value.

Step 6: Find the best value of the normalized data.

Step 7: Display the normalized data in desired format.

Step 8: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
 34

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The given dataset was normalized using MS-EXCEL and the desired
output was displayed in neat format.
 35

EX NO: 6 Perform dimensionality reduction operation using PCA, KPCA & SVD
DATE: 18-03-25

AIM:
To Perform dimensionality reduction operation using PCA, KPCA & SVD

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Open XLSTAT . Select the XLSTAT / Analyzing data / Principal

components analysis command. The Principal Component Analysis dialog
box will appear.

Step 3: Select the data on the Excel sheet.

Step 4: Select Observations/variables in the Data format field because of the

format of the input data and Select Correlation in the PCA type field.

Step 5: In the Outputs tab, activate the option to display significant correlations in
bold characters (Test significancy).

Step 6: In the Charts tab, in order to display the labels on all charts, and to display all
the observations (observations charts and biplots), uncheck the filtering
option.

Step 7: If there is a lot of data, displaying the labels might slow down the global
display of the results. Displaying all the observations might make the results
unreadable. In these cases, filtering the observations to display is
recommended

Step 8: Click OK to launch the computations.

Step 7: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
 36

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The given dataset was performed dimensionality reduction operation using
PCA, KPCA & SVD and the desired output was displayed in neat format.
 37

EX NO: 7a PERFORM BIVARIATE ANALYSIS ON THE DATASET

DATE: 01-04-25

AIM:
To Perform bivariate analysis on the dataset using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the Microsoft
Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-Ins ,
Click Go, check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok

Step 4: Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data
Analysis >>]

Step 5: In the Input Range we select quantity as x range and discount as y range
then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you don’t
specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 6: Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 7: When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range.

Step 8: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
38
 39

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The bivariate analysis on dataset was performed successfully using MS-EXCEL and the desired output
was displayed in neat format.
 40

EX NO: 7b PERFORM MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS ON THE DATASET

DATE: 01-04-25

AIM:
To Perform multivariate analysis on the dataset using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the Microsoft
Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-Ins ,
Click Go, check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok

Step 4: Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data
Analysis >>]

Step 5: In the Input Range we Select quantity as x range and discount and profit as y
range , then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 6: Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.

Step 7: When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range.

Step 8: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
41
 42

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The multivariate analysis on the dataset was performed successfully using MS-
EXCEL and the desired output was displayed in neat format.
 43

EX NO: 8 PLOTTING FUNCTIONS ON THE DATA SET

DATE: 01-04-25

AIM:
To apply and explore various plotting functions on the data set using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2: Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3: select the data for which a chart is to be created.

Step 4: In the INSERT menu, select Recommended Charts.

Step 5: Choose any chart from the list of charts Excel recommends for your data on the
Recommended Charts tab, and click it to preview how it will look with your data.

Step 6: lick on All Charts if you are unable to locate a chart you like.

Step 7: Click on the chart that you prefer and then click OK.

Step 8: Add chart elements such as axis titles or data labels, customize the appearance of
the chart, or change the data displayed in the chart by clicking on Chart Elements,
Chart Styles, and Chart Filters in the upper-right corner of the chart.

Step 9: Click on the chart TOOLS tab on the ribbon to add additional design and formatting
capabilities and then click the options you desire under the DESIGN and FORMAT
tabs.

Step 10: When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range.

Step 11: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
 44

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The plotting functions was applied and explored on the data set
successfully using MS-EXCEL and the desired output was displayed in neat
format.
 45

EX NO: 9 EXPLORE THE FEATURES OF POWER BI DESKTOP

DATE: 08-04-25

AIM:
To explore the features of Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2: Connect to data.

Step 3: Transform and clean data to create a data model.

Step 4: Create visuals, such as charts or graphs that provide visual representations of
the data.

Step 5: Create reports that are collections of visuals on one or more report pages.

Step 6: Share reports with others by using the Power BI service.

Step 7: Save the file in desired location

Step 8: Close the Power BI Desktop application

 46

What is Power BI Desktop?

Power BI Desktop is a free application you install on your local computer that lets you
connect to, transform, and visualize your data. With Power BI Desktop, you can connect to
multiple different sources of data, and combine them (often called modeling) into a data
model. This data model lets you build visuals, and collections of visuals you can share as
reports, with other people inside your organization. Most users who work on business
intelligence projects use Power BI Desktop to create reports, and then use the Power BI
service to share their reports with others.
The most common uses for Power BI Desktop are as follows:
Connect to data.
Transform and clean data to create a data model.
Create visuals, such as charts or graphs that provide visual representations of the
data.
Create reports that are collections of visuals on one or more report pages.
Share reports with others by using the Power BI service.
People who are responsible for such tasks are often considered data analysts (sometimes
referred to as analysts) or business intelligence professionals (often referred to as report
creators). Many people who don't consider themselves an analyst or a report creator use
Power BI Desktop to create compelling reports, or to pull data from various sources. They
can build data models, and then share the reports with their coworkers and organizations.

Important
Power BI Desktop is updated and released on a monthly basis, incorporating customer
feedback and new features. Only the most recent version of Power BI Desktop is supported;
customers who contact support for Power BI Desktop will be asked to upgrade to the
mostrecent version. You can get the most recent version of Power BI Desktop from the
Windows Store, or as a single executable containing all supported languages that you
download and install on your computer.

There are three views available in Power BI Desktop, which you select on the left side of the
canvas. The views, shown in the order they appear, are as follows:

• Report: You create reports and visuals, where most of your creation time is spent.

• Data: You see the tables,measures, and other data used in the data model associated with
your report, and transform the data for best use in the report's model.

• Model: You see and manage the relationships among tables in your data model.
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The following image shows the three views, as displayed along the left side of the canvas:

Connect to data

To get started with Power BI Desktop, the first step is to connect to data. There are many
different data sources you can connect to from Power BI Desktop.

To connect to data:

1. From the Home ribbon, select Get Data > More.

The Get Data window appears, showing the many categories to which Power BI
Desktop can connect.

2. When you select a data type, you're prompted for information, such as the URL and
credentials, necessary for Power BI Desktop to connect to the data source on your behalf.
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1. After you connect to one or more data sources, you may want to transform the data
so it's useful for you.

Transform and clean data, create a model

In Power BI Desktop, you can clean and transform data using the built-in Power Query
Editor.
With Power Query Editor, you make changes to your data, such as changing a data type,
removing columns, or combining data from multiple sources. It's like sculpting: you start
with a
large block of clay (or data), then shave off pieces or add others as needed, until the shape of
the
data is how you want it.

To start Power Query Editor:

• On the Home ribbon, in the Queries section, select Transform data.
The Power Query Editor window appears.
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Each step you take in transforming data (such as renaming a table, transforming a data type,
or deleting a column) is recorded by Power Query Editor. Every time this query connects to
the data source, those steps are carried out so that the data is always shaped the way you
specify.

The following image shows the Power Query Editor window for a query that was shaped,
and turned into a model.

Once your data is how you want it, you can create visuals.
Create visuals
After you have a data model, you can drag fields onto the report canvas to create visuals. A
visual is a graphic representation of the data in your model. There are many different types of
visuals to choose from in Power BI Desktop. The following visual shows a simple column
chart.
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To create or change a visual:

• From the Visualizations pane, select the Build visual icon.

If you already have a visual selected on the report canvas, the selected visual changes to the
type you selected.

If no visual is selected on the canvas, a new visual is created based on your selection.
Create reports
More often, you'll want to create a collection of visuals that show various aspects of the data
you've used to create your model in Power BI Desktop. A collection of visuals, in one Power
BI Desktop file, is called a report. A report can have one or more pages, just like an Excel
file can have one or more worksheets.

With Power BI Desktop you can create complex and visually rich reports, using data from
multiple sources, all in one report that you can share with others in your organization.

In the following image, you see the first page of a Power BI Desktop report, named
Overview, as seen on the tab near the bottom of the image.
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Share reports

After a report is ready to share with others, you can publish the report to the Power BI
service, and make it available to anyone in your organization who has a Power BI license.

To publish a Power BI Desktop report:

1. Select Publish from the Home ribbon.

Power BI Desktop connects you to the Power BI service with your Power BI
account.

2. You're prompted to select where in the Power BI service you'd like to share the
report. For example, your workspace, a team workspace, or some other location
in the Power BI service.
Following are some of the features of Power BI –

1. Power BI Desktop
Power BI Desktop is free software that you can download and install, and it allows
you to build reports by accessing data easily. For using Power BI desktop, you do
not need advanced report designing, or query skills to build a report.
2. Stream Analytics
Power BI's primary advantage is its support stream analytics. From factory sensors
to social media sources, Power BI assists in real-time analytics to make timely
decisions.
3. Multiple Data Sources
Support for various data sources is one of the vital features of Power BI. You can
access various sources of data such as Excel, CSV, SQL Server, Web files, etc. to
create interactive visualizations.
4. Custom Visualization
While dealing with complex data, Power BI's default standard might not be enough
in some cases. In that case, you can access the custom library of visualization that
meets your needs.

RESULT:
The features of Power BI explored successfully and displayed desired output in
neat format.
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EX NO:10 PREPARE & LOAD DATA

DATE: 08-04-25

AIM:
To Prepare & Load data in Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2: Goto to home menu , select get data and then choose excel worksheet

Step 3: Select your file to load into Power Bi application and press load button

Step 4: Now the file is loaded and now click data view in the left panel

Step 5: Now the file is loaded in the form of table format

Step 6: Save the file in desired location

Step 7: Close the Power BI Desktop application

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OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The Excel data sheet was prepared and loaded successfully into Power BI Desktop and
displayed desired output in neat format.
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EX NO:11 DEVELOPING DATA MODEL

DATE: 08-04-25

AIM:
To Develop the data model using Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2: Goto to home menu, select get data and then choose excel worksheet

Step 3: Select your file to load into Power Bi application and press load button

Step 4: Now the file is loaded and now click model view in the left panel

Step 5: Now data modeling of the given tables are displayed in output screen

Step 6: Save the file in desired location

Step 7: Close the Power BI Desktop application

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OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The data model was developed and loaded successfully using Power BI Desktop and
displayed desired output in neat format.
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EX NO:12 PERFORM DAX CALCULATIONS

DATE: 15-04-25

AIM:
To perform DAX calculations using Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2: Goto to home menu, select get data and then choose excel worksheet

Step 3: Select your file to load into Power Bi application and press load button

Step 4: Now the file is loaded and now click report view in the left panel

Step 5: Goto data panel and right click on data file and choose new measure

Step 6: Type the formula for new measure and click the new measure “ was added

Step 7: Drag the corresponding various types of visualization in workspace.

Step 8: Save the file in desired location

Step 9: Close the Power BI Desktop application

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OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The perform DAX calculations were performed successfully using Power BI Desktop and
displayed desired output in neat format.
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EX NO:13 DESIGN A REPORT

DATE: 15-04-25

AIM:
To using Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2: Goto to home menu, select get data and then choose excel worksheet

Step 3: Select your file to load into Power Bi application and press load button

Step 4: Now the file is loaded and now click report view in the left panel

Step 5: Goto data panel and right click on data file and choose new measure

Step 6: Type the formula for new measure and click the new measure “was added

Step 7: Select clustered column chat and copy the visualization in workspace.

Step 8: Change to decomposition tree visualization in workspace.

Step 9: Explore the data in various forms for select filed.

Step 10: Save the file in desired location

Step 11: Close the Power BI Desktop application

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OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The report was created successfully using Power BI Desktop and displayed desired
output in neat format.
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EX NO:14 CREATION OF A DASHBOARD AND PERFORM DATA ANALYSIS

DATE: 06-05-25

AIM:
To create of a dashboard and perform data analysis using Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2: Goto to home menu, select get data and then choose excel worksheet

Step 3: Select your file to load into Power Bi application and press load button

Step 4: Now the file is loaded and now click report view in the left panel

Step 5: Goto data panel and right click on data file and choose team filed and slicer
visualization

Step 6: Now teamwise slicer was displayed. Next copy the visualization and change
to card visualization

Step 7: Now copy the visualization and change to gauge visualization

Step 8: Next copy the visualization and change to donut visualization and drag
gender field and change value filed as count of gender

Step 9: Now change and display the visualization as per teamwise

Step 10: Save the file in desired location

Step 11: Close the Power BI Desktop application

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OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The dashboard was created and data analysis was performed successfully using
Power BI Desktop and displayed desired output in neat format.
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EX NO:15 Presentation of a case study - Campus Recruitment Analysis

DATE: 06-05-25

AIM:
To Presentation of a case study for Campus Recruitment Analysis using
Power BI Desktop

The Challenge
Campus Placements/ Campus Recruitment drives are conducted in various educational
institutes for providing job opportunities to the students who are pursuing their particular
academic courses.
As much as it is important to the students, it is also important to the institute as it gives
a chance to contemplate about the process. This data includes students from various
colleges.

The Solution
What every management team wants to know:
● How many companies appeared?
● How many students appeared?
● Which companies have hired the most of the students and from which college?
● How many students accepted the offer?
● Were the companies beneficial in accordance to their vacancies?
● How many students were selected by the companies?
● What was the ratio between students applied and the vacancies available?
● Which college were the most preferred by the students?
● Which technologies were the most preferred by the students?
● Which colleges were benefitted by this recruitment in terms of the selection?
● Which colleges did not perform up to the mark?
● Which colleges were involved the most in terms of the students registered?
● Which companies were beneficial in accordance to their vacancies?

The Extra Mile

● We gave users a menu driven page where they can navigate to the page of
their interest.
● Overview of companies with respect to the technologies.
● Overview of students with respect to the technologies, companies and colleges.
● Overview of selected students with respect to the technologies, companies
and colleges.
● Insights on basis of the students' priority and the offers given to them.
● We have given extra information apart from what is need about every area
of interest.
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OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The Presentation of a case study for Campus Recruitment Analysis was performed
successfully using Power BI Desktop and displayed desired output in neat format.