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Information System

The document provides an overview of information systems, detailing various types such as Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), Management Information Systems (MIS), Decision Support Systems (DSS), and Executive Support Systems (ESS), each serving distinct functions in data processing and decision-making. It also discusses the roles of systems analysts in analyzing and designing information systems, emphasizing their importance in improving business operations. Additionally, it highlights the need for systematic analysis and design to ensure successful implementation of information systems.

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Arabel Fig
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5 views

Information System

The document provides an overview of information systems, detailing various types such as Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), Management Information Systems (MIS), Decision Support Systems (DSS), and Executive Support Systems (ESS), each serving distinct functions in data processing and decision-making. It also discusses the roles of systems analysts in analyzing and designing information systems, emphasizing their importance in improving business operations. Additionally, it highlights the need for systematic analysis and design to ensure successful implementation of information systems.

Uploaded by

Arabel Fig
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topics

Information Systems

Types of Information Systems

Systems Analysis and Design

The System Analyst


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Information Systems
INFORMATION
SYSTEM
An information system is a
collection of interconnected
components that collect, process,
store, and deliver the information
needed to complete business
tasks as production
INFORMATION SYSTEM
A system analyst may participate in any or all of the system
Different Types of
Information Systems
Transaction Processing Systems
computerized information systems designed
to process vast volumes of data for daily
business transactions
Functions of a TPS
.
Function of a TPS in terms of data processing requirements

Inputs Processing Outputs

Validation
Sorting Lists
Transactions Listing Detail reports
Events Merging Action reports
Updating Summary reports
Calculation

Function of a TPS
Source: Information Sheet for Flow Chart. (n.d.). Retrieved September 02, 2020, from
https://pdfslide.net/documents/information-sheet-for-flow-chart.html
Examples Roles
● Paid services ● Produce data for other systems

● Orders management ● Border controls (internal and


production external)

● Booking applications ● Operational workers +


supervisory levels used
● Control systems on
stock

● Payment and Fund


transfers systems
Management Information System
are computerized information systems that work
because people and computers interact purposefully
support users in achieving a wider spectrum of
organizational tasks than transaction processing
systems, including decision analysis and
decision-making, by requiring people, software, and
hardware to work together.
Functions of a MIS
The MIS is based on the TPS data.
Function of a MIS in terms of data processing
requirements
Inputs Processing Outputs

Internal
Sorting Detailed reports
Transaction
Merging Action reports
Internal Files
Summarizing Summary reports
Structured Data

Function of a MIS
Source:Information Sheet for Flow Chart. (n.d.). Retrieved September 02, 2020, from https://pdfslide.net/documents/information-sheet-for-flow-chart.html
Examples Roles
● Based on internal information flows
● Sales management
systems ● Support relatively structured
● Inventory control systems decisions

● Inflexible and have little analytical


● Budgeting systems
capacity
● Management Reporting
● Used by lower and middle managerial
Systems (MRS)
levels
● Personnel (HRM) systems
● Talks about the past and present and
not the future
Decision Support Systems
A decision support system departs from the
traditional management information system
because it emphasizes decision-making support in
all its phases, even if the actual decision is still the
sole decision-making.
Functions of a DSS
DSS manipulates and builds upon the MIS and/or TPS knowledge to create ideas and new knowledge .
Function of a DSS in terms of data processing
requirements
Inputs Processing Outputs
Internal
Modeling
Transaction Summary reports
Simulation
Internal Files Forecasts
Analysis
External Graphs / Plots
Summarizing
Information
Function of a DSS
Source:Information Sheet for Flow Chart. (n.d.). Retrieved September 02, 2020, from https://pdfslide.net/documents/information-sheet-for-flow-chart.html
Examples Roles
● Support decision-making
● Group Decision Support
Systems (GDSS) ● Have analytical and/or modeling
● Computer Supported capacity
Cooperative work (CSCW) ● Used by more senior managerial
● Logistics systems levels

● Are concerned with predicting


● Financial Planning
the future
systems
● Are effectiveness oriented
● Spreadsheet Models
Executive Support Systems
a type of management support system that
facilitates and supports senior executive
information and decision-making needs
provides easy access to internal and external
information relevant to organizational goals
commonly considered a specialized form of
decision support system (DSS).
Functions of a DSS
To help and expand the innate capacities of senior management, ESS organizes and
integrates data and information from all external data sources as well as internal MIS or TPS

Function of a ESS in terms of data processing requirements


Inputs Processing Outputs
External Data
Summarizing Summary reports
Internal Files
Simulation Forecasts
Pre-defined
“Drilling Down” Graphs / Plots
models

Function of a ESS
Source:Information Sheet for Flow Chart. (n.d.). Retrieved September 02, 2020, from
https://pdfslide.net/documents/information-sheet-for-flow-chart.html
Summary of Differences
▸ TPS: Focuses on processing day-to-day
transactions efficiently.
▸ MIS: Summarizes and reports on operational
data for managerial control.
▸ DSS: Assists with complex decision-making
using analytical models and data analysis.
▸ ESS: Supports strategic decision-making for
senior executives with high-level,
comprehensive data
Systems Analysis
and Design
Systems Analysis
consists of those activities that allow a person
to understand and decide what the new system
should be doing
involves understanding and specifying in detail
what an information system should do
investigation of procedures, information, and
practices within an organization, usually to
change some of them.
Systems Design
consists of those activities which allow an
individual to explain in detail how the
information system will actually be
implemented to provide the solution
required
explains how the system really should
operate
describes all the solution device elements
in detail, and how they operate together.
System Analysis versus System Design
Source: Satzinger, J. W., Jackson, R. B., & Burd, S. D. (2016). Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World: 7th Edition. Retrieved August 12,
2020, from https://www.cengage.com/c/systems-analysis-and-design-in-a-changing-world-7e-satzinger/9781305117204PF
Need for Systems Analysis and Design
SAD seeks to analyze data input systematically,
processing or transforming data, data storage, and
information output within the context of a particular
business.
It is used to analyze, design and implement
improvements in the functioning of businesses that
can be accomplished through the use of
computerized information systems.
Installing a system without proper planning leads to
great dissatisfaction and frequently causes the
system to fall into disuse.
The Systems Analyst
Systems Analyst
- a professional computer employee who
performs analysis and design.

Systems Analyst must:


Define the problem to be solved
Study the problem and propose solutions
Specify the changes needed and highlight the
costs and benefits of each solution
Choose a solution to program and implement it
Systems Analyst’s Knowledge and Skills:

Technical Knowledge and Skills


Business Knowledge and Skills
People Knowledge and Skills
Personal Qualities
System Analyst as Consultant
May be hired specifically to address
information systems issues within a business
Advantage: can bring with them a fresh
perspective that other members of the
organization do not possess
System Analyst as Supporting Expert
regularly employed in some systems capacity
in this position, the analyst draws on technical
experience relating to computer hardware
and software and its business uses
serving as a resource for those who are
managing the project.
System Analyst as Agent of Change
carry out all of the tasks in the life cycle of
systems growth and be involved in the
business for an extended period
develop a plan for change, and work with
others in facilitating that change
advocate a particular avenue of change
involving the use of information systems
teach users the process of change
Thanks!

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