Unit 1

rubber. noun. an eraser mainly US.

erase. verb. to remove something, especially a pencil mark by rubbing it.

highlighter. noun. a special pen containing bright ink, used to mark words in a book, magazine, etc..

silently. adverb. without talking or making any noise.

aloud. adverb. in a voice loud enough to be heard.

active. adjective. busy with a particular activity.

revise. verb. to study again something you have already learned, in preparation for an exam.

daily. adverb, adjective. happening on or relating to every day.

at least. as much as, or more than, a number or amount.

weekly. adjective, adverb. happening once a week or every week.

routine. noun. a usual or fixed way of doing things.

Unit 2

enjoyable. adjective. An enjoyable event or experience gives you pleasure.

enjoyment. noun. the feeling of enjoying something.

enjoy. verb. to get pleasure from something.

dreadful. adjective. causing fear, shock, or suffering.

awful. adjective. extremely bad or unpleasant.

necessary. adjective. needed in order to achieve a particular result.

date. noun. a numbered day in a month, often given with a combination of the name of the day, the
month, and the year.

mix up something. to put objects in the wrong order or place.

tip. noun. a useful piece of information, especially about how to do something or about the likely winner
of a race or competition.

explanation. noun. the details or reasons that someone gives to make something clear or easy to
understand.

into. preposition. used to show when a person or thing is changing from one form or condition to
another.

note sth down. to write something so that you do not forget it.

topic. noun. a subject that is discussed, written about, or studied.

forget. verb. to be unable to remember a fact, something that happened, or how to do something.

make a mental note of sth. to make an effort to remember something.

draw. verb. to make a picture of something or someone with a pencil or pen.

untidy. adjective. not tidy.

mess. noun. Mess or a mess is something or someone that looks dirty or untidy.

translation. noun. something that is translated, or the process of translating something, from one
language to another.

write down something. to record information on paper.

Unit 3

behave. verb. to act in a particular way.

official. adjective. relating to a position of responsibility.

amount. noun. a collection or mass, especially of something that cannot be counted.

relate to sb/sth. to be connected to, or to be about someone or something.

emphasize. verb. to show that something is very important or worth giving attention to.

define. verb. to say what the meaning of something, especially a word, is.

phrase. noun. a group of words that is part of, rather than the whole of, a sentence.

part of speech. noun. one of the grammatical groups, such as noun, verb, and adjective, into which
words are divided depending on their use.

in bold (type/print). printed in thick dark letters.

definition. noun. a statement that explains the meaning of a word or phrase.

symbol. noun. a sign, shape, or object that is used to represent something else.

phonemic. adjective. relating to the phonemes of a language.

for fun. for pleasure.

make fun of sb/sth. to make a joke about someone or something in a way that is not kind.

fun. noun. pleasure, enjoyment, or entertainment.

look something up. to check a fact or get information about something.

bilingual. adjective. able to use two languages equally well.

Unit 4

question mark. noun. the symbol ? used in writing at the end of a phrase or sentence to show that it is a
question.
pause. noun. a short period in which something such as a sound or an activity is stopped before starting
again.

comma. noun. the symbol , used in writing to separate parts of a sentence showing a slight pause, or to
separate the single things in a list.

full stop. noun. the symbol . used in writing at the end of a sentence or at the end of the short form of a
word.

capital. noun. a letter of the alphabet in the form and larger size that is used at the beginning of
sentences and names.

stress. noun. the way that a word or syllable is pronounced with greater force than other words in the
same sentence or other syllables in the same word.

syllable. noun. a single unit of speech, either a whole word or one of the parts into which a word can be
separated, usually containing a vowel.

suffix. noun. a letter or group of letters added at the end of a word to make a new word.

prefix. noun. a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a word to make a new word.

phrase. noun. a group of words that is part of, rather than the whole of, a sentence.

phrasal verb. noun. a phrase that consists of a verb with a preposition or adverb or both, the meaning of
which is different from the meaning of its separate parts.

irregular. adjective. An irregular verb, noun, adjective, etc. does not obey the usual rules for words in
the language..

regular. adjective. A regular verb, noun, or adjective follows the usual rules in the structure of its various
forms.

uncountable. adjective. An uncountable noun is not used with "a" or "an" and cannot be made plural.

countable. adjective. a countable noun can be used with "a" or "an" and can be made plural.

conjunction. noun. a word such as 'and', 'but', 'while', or 'although' that connects words, phrases, and
clauses in a sentence.

indefinite article. noun. the grammatical name for the words "a" and "an" in English or words in other
languages that have a similar use.

definite article. noun. the grammatical name for the word "the" in English, or the words in other
languages that have a similar use.

preposition. noun. in grammar, a word that is used before a noun, a noun phrase, or a pronoun,
connecting it to another word.

adverb. noun. a word that describes or gives more information about a verb, adjective, adverb, or
phrase.

adjective. noun. a word that describes a noun or pronoun.

verb. noun. a word or phrase that describes an action, condition, or experience.

noun. noun. a word that refers to a person, place, thing, event, substance, or quality.

pronoun. noun. a word that is used instead of a noun or a noun phrase.

Unit 5

Scandinavia. noun. a region of northern Europe that includes Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.

Caribbean. adjective. belonging to or relating to Caribbean islands and countries, or their people.

the Far East. noun. the countries of East Asia, including China, Japan, North and South Korea, and
Indonesia.

the Middle East. noun. the area from the eastern Mediterranean to Iran, including Syria, Jordan, Israel,
Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Iraq, and sometimes also Egypt.

South America. noun. the continent that is to the south of North America, to the west of the Atlantic
Ocean and to the east of the Pacific Ocean.

Asia. noun. the continent that is to the east of Europe, the west of the Pacific Ocean, and the north of
the Indian Ocean.

Africa. noun. the continent that is to the south of the Mediterranean Sea, to the east of the Atlantic
Ocean, and to the west of the Indian Ocean.

Europe. noun. the continent that is to the east of the Atlantic Ocean, to the north of the Mediterranean,
and to the west of Asia.

continent. noun. one of the seven large land masses on the earth's surface, surrounded, or mainly
surrounded, by sea and usually consisting of various countries.

the UK. noun. abbreviation for the United Kingdom: the country of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

the USA. noun. abbreviation for the United States of America.

French. noun. the language that people speak in France, parts of Belgium and Canada, and other
countries.

population. noun. all the people living in a particular country, area, or place.

capital. noun. a city that is the centre of government of a country or smaller political area.

first language. noun. the language that someone learns to speak first.

Argentinian. adjective. belonging to or relating to Argentina or its people.

come from somewhere/sth. to be born, got from, or made in a particular place.

Unit 6

south. adjective. in or forming the south part of something.

south. noun. the direction that goes towards the part of the earth below the equator, opposite to the
north, or the part of an area or country that is in this direction.

the South. the southern states of the US.

distance. noun. the amount of space between two places.

climate. noun. the general weather conditions usually found in a particular place.

landscape. noun. a large area of countryside, especially in relation to its appearance.

contrast. noun. an obvious difference between two or more things.

region. noun. a particular area or part of the world, or any of the large official areas into which a country
is divided.

consist of sth. to be made of or formed from something.

cover. verb. to travel a particular distance.

ocean. noun. a very large area of sea.

covering. noun. a layer of something that covers something else.

rainforest. noun. a forest in a tropical area that receives a lot of rain.

waterfall. noun. water, especially from a river or stream, dropping from a higher to a lower point,
sometimes from a great height.

minus. adjective. used to show that temperatures are less than zero.

minus. preposition. reduced by a stated number.

degree. noun. any of various units of measurement, especially of temperature or angles, usually shown
by the symbol ° written after a number.

over. preposition. above or higher than something else, sometimes so that one thing covers the other;
above.

temperature. noun. the measured amount of heat in a place or in the body.

cover. verb. to put or spread something over something, or to lie on the surface of something.

earth. noun. the planet third in order of distance from the sun, between Venus and Mars; the world on
which we live.

surface. noun. the outer or top part or layer of something.

falls. plural noun. a waterfall.

canal. noun. a long, thin stretch of water that is artificially made either for boats to travel along or for
taking water from one area to another.

cave. noun. a large hole in the side of a hill, cliff, or mountain, or one that is underground.
Unit 7

mild. adjective. Mild weather is not very cold or not as cold as usual.

freezing. adjective, adverb. extremely cold.

chilly. adjective. (of weather, conditions in a room, or parts of the body) cold.

cool. adjective. slightly cold.

boiling. adjective. very hot.

lightning. noun. a flash of bright light in the sky that is produced by electricity moving between clouds or
from clouds to the ground.

thunder. noun. the sudden loud noise that comes from the sky especially during a storm.

humid. adjective. (of air and weather conditions) containing extremely small drops of water in the air.

thunderstorm. noun. a storm with thunder and lightning and usually heavy rain.

storm. noun. an extreme weather condition with very strong wind, heavy rain, and often thunder and
lightning.

shower. noun. a short period of rain or snow.

pour. verb. to (cause to) flow quickly and in large amounts.

windy. adjective. with a lot of wind.

hot. adjective. having a high temperature.

extremely. adverb. very.

clear. adjective. without clouds, mist, or fog in the sky, so that you can see for a long way.

sky. noun. the area above the earth, in which clouds, the sun, etc. can be seen.

blown. verb. past participle of blow.

light. adjective. not great in strength or amount.

heavy. adjective. (especially of something unpleasant) of very or especially great force, amount, or
degree.

thick. adjective. difficult to see through.

come out. When the sun, moon, or stars come out, they appear in the sky.

snow. noun. the small, soft, white pieces of ice that sometimes fall from the sky when it is cold, or the
white layer on the ground and other surfaces that it forms.

blow. verb. to move and make currents of air, or to be moved or make something move on a current of
air.
shining. adjective. sending out or reflecting light.

wet. adjective. used to describe weather or periods of time when rain falls.

wet. adjective. covered in water or another liquid.

snowy. adjective. full of or like snow.

sunny. adjective. bright because of light from the sun.

wind. noun. a current of air moving approximately horizontally, especially one strong enough to be felt.

sun. noun. the light or heat that the earth receives from the sun.

icy. adjective. covered in ice.

cloudy. adjective. with clouds.

cold. adjective. at a low temperature, especially when compared to the temperature of the human
body, and not hot, or warm.

foggy. adjective. with fog.

Unit 8

octopus. noun. a sea creature with a soft, oval body and eight tentacles (= long parts like arms).

shark. noun. a large fish that has sharp teeth and a pointed fin on its back.

dolphin. noun. a sea mammal that is large, smooth, and grey, with a long, pointed mouth.

whale. noun. a very large sea mammal that breathes air through a hole at the top of its head.

creature. noun. any large or small living thing that can move independently.

butterfly. noun. a type of insect with large, often brightly coloured wings.

wing. noun. the flat part of the body that a bird, insect, or bat uses for flying, or one of the flat,
horizontal structures that stick out from the side of an aircraft and support it when it is flying.

fly. noun. a small insect with two wings.

mosquito. noun. a small flying insect that bites people and animals and sucks their blood.

ant. noun. a very small insect that lives under the ground in large and well-organized social groups.

bee. noun. a yellow and black flying insect that makes honey and can sting you.

trunk. noun. the long, tube-shaped nose of an elephant.

elephant. noun. a very large grey mammal that has a trunk (= long nose) with which it can pick things up.

bear. noun. a large, strong wild mammal with a thick fur coat that lives especially in colder parts of
Europe, Asia, and North America.
lion. noun. a large wild animal of the cat family with yellowish-brown fur that lives in Africa and
southern Asia.

leopard. noun. a large wild cat that has yellow fur with black spots on it and lives in Africa and southern
Asia.

giraffe. noun. a large African animal with a very long neck and long legs.

tiger. noun. a large wild animal of the cat family with yellowish-orange fur with black lines that lives in
parts of Asia.

camel. noun. a large animal with a long neck, that lives in the desert and has one or two humps (= large
raised areas of flesh) on its back.

monkey. noun. an animal that lives in hot countries, has a long tail, and climbs trees. Monkeys are
primates (= the group of animals that are most like humans) ..

endangered birds/plants/species. animals or plants that may soon not exist because there are very few
now alive.

endangered. adjective. in danger of being harmed, lost, unsuccessful, etc..

protect. verb. to keep someone or something safe from injury, damage, or loss.

rare. adjective. not common or frequent; very unusual.

zoo. noun. an area in which animals, especially wild animals, are kept so that people can go and look at
them or study them.

in the wild. in natural conditions, independent of humans.

wild. adjective. used to refer to plants or animals that live or grow independently of people, in natural
conditions and with natural characteristics.

goat. noun. an animal related to sheep that usually has horns and a beard. Goats live wild on mountains
or are kept on farms to provide milk, meat, wool, etc..

bull. noun. a male cow, or the male of particular animals such as the elephant or the whale.

donkey. noun. an animal like a small horse with long ears.

spider. noun. a small creature with eight thin legs that catches insects in a web (= a net made from sticky
threads).

snake. noun. a reptile with a long body and no legs.

frog. noun. a small animal that has smooth skin, lives in water and on land, has long powerful back legs
with which it jumps from place to place, has no tail, and is usually greenish-brown in colour.

rabbit. noun. a small animal with long ears and large front teeth that moves by jumping on its long back
legs, or the meat of this animal eaten as food.

mouse. noun. a small mammal with short fur, a pointed face, and a long tail.
mice. plural of mouse.

cage. noun. a space surrounded on all sides by bars or wire, in which animals or birds are kept.

parrot. noun. a tropical bird with a curved beak, often kept as a pet and trained to copy the human
voice.

keep. verb. to have or continue to have in your possession.

pet. noun. an animal that is kept in the home as a companion and treated kindly.

Unit 9

term. noun. one of the periods into which a year is divided at school, college, or university.

blow your nose. to force air from your lungs and through your nose to clear it.

wave. verb. to raise your hand and move it from side to side as a way of greeting someone, telling
someone to do something, or adding emphasis to an expression.

comb. verb. to tidy your hair using a comb.

fold your arms. to bring your arms close to your chest and hold them together.

shake sb's hand/shake sb by the hand. to hold someone's hand and move it up and down, especially
when you meet them for the first time or when you make an agreement with them.

yawn. verb. to open the mouth wide and take a lot of air into the lungs and slowly send it out, usually
when tired or bored.

shake your head. to move your head from side to side, in order to express disagreement, sadness, or
that you do not want or believe something.

nod. verb. to move your head down and then up, sometimes several times, especially to show
agreement, approval, or greeting, or to show something by doing this.

cry. verb. to produce tears as the result of a strong emotion, such as unhappiness or pain.

laugh. verb. to smile while making sounds with your voice that show you think something is funny or you
are happy.

smile. verb. to make a happy or friendly expression in which the corners of your mouth curve up.

breathe. verb. to move air into and out of the lungs.

toe. noun. any of the five separate parts at the end of the foot.

heel. noun. the rounded back part of the foot.

thumb. noun. the short, thick finger on the side of your hand that makes it possible to hold and pick
things up easily.

wrist. noun. the part of the body between the hand and the arm.
breast. noun. either of the two soft, rounded parts of a woman's chest that produce milk after she has a
baby.

chin. noun. the part of a person's face below their mouth.

shoulder. noun. one of the two parts of the body at each side of the neck that join the arms to the rest
of the body.

ankle. noun. the joint (= place where two bones are connected) between the foot and the leg, or the
thin part of the leg just above the foot.

knee. noun. the middle joint of the leg that allows the leg to bend.

hip. noun. the area below the waist and above the legs at either side of the body, or the joint that
connects the leg to the upper part of the body.

waist. noun. the part of the body above and slightly narrower than the hips.

elbow. noun. the part in the middle of the arm where it bends, or the part of a piece of clothing that
covers this area.

chest. noun. the upper front part of the body of humans and some animals, between the stomach and
the neck, containing the heart and lungs.

neck. noun. the part of the body that joins the head to the shoulders.

lip. noun. one of the two soft parts that form the upper and lower edges of the mouth.

forehead. noun. the flat part of the face, above the eyes and below the hair.

cheek. noun. the soft part of your face that is below your eye and between your mouth and ear.

skin. noun. the natural outer layer that covers a person, animal, fruit, etc..

Unit 10

-ish. suffix. used to form adjectives to give the meaning to some degree; fairly.

well. adverb. in a good way, to a high or satisfactory standard.

dress. verb. to wear a particular type of clothes.

smart. adjective. having a clean, tidy, and stylish appearance.

athletic. adjective. strong, healthy, and good at sports.

narrow. adjective. having a small distance from one side to the other, especially in comparison with the
length.

broad. adjective. very wide.

tallish. adjective. quite tall.

like. preposition, conjunction. similar to; in the same way or manner as.
look. verb. to appear or seem.

hair. noun. the mass of thin thread-like structures on the head of a person, or any of these structures
that grow out of the skin of a person or animal.

curly. adjective. having curls or a curved shape.

wavy. adjective. having a series of curves.

straight. adjective, adverb. continuing in one direction without bending or curving.

black. adjective. having the darkest colour there is, like the colour of coal or of a very dark night.

dark. adjective. nearer to black than white in colour.

fair. adjective. (of skin) pale, or (of hair) pale yellow or gold.

blonde. adjective. with pale yellow or gold hair.

average. noun. a standard or level that is considered to be typical or usual.

medium. adjective. being in the middle between an upper and lower amount, size, degree, or value.

roughly. adverb. approximately.

weight. noun. the amount that something or someone weighs.

height. noun. the distance from the top to the bottom of something, or the quality of being tall.

overweight. adjective. fat.

ordinary. adjective. not different or special or unexpected in any way; usual.

ugly. adjective. unpleasant to look at; not attractive.

handsome. adjective. A handsome man is physically attractive in a traditional, male way.

gorgeous. adjective. very beautiful or pleasant.

pretty. adjective. pleasant to look at, or (especially of girls or women or things relating to them)
attractive or pleasant in a delicate way.

good-looking. adjective. A good-looking man or woman is physically attractive.

attractive. adjective. very pleasing in appearance or sound.

beauty. noun. the quality of being pleasing, especially to look at, or someone or something that gives
great pleasure, especially when you look at it.

appearance. noun. the way a person or thing looks to other people.

Unit 11

talent. noun. (someone who has) a natural ability to be good at something, especially without being
taught.
wish. verb. used with the past simple to express that you feel sorry or sad about a state or situation that
exists at the moment.

talented. adjective. with talent; able or skilful.

creative. adjective. producing or using original and unusual ideas.

trust. verb. to believe that someone is good and honest and will not harm you, or that something is safe
and reliable.

silly. adjective. showing little thought or judgment.

sensible. adjective. based on or acting on good judgment and practical ideas or understanding.

unpleasant. adjective. not enjoyable or pleasant.

unfriendly. adjective. showing dislike and no sympathy.

unkind. adjective. not treating someone very well; not considering someone's feelings.

pleasant. adjective. enjoyable, attractive, friendly, or easy to like.

friendly. adjective. behaving in a pleasant, kind way towards someone.

kind. adjective. generous, helpful, and thinking about other people's feelings.

anxious. adjective. worried and nervous.

nervous. adjective. worried and anxious.

stupid. adjective. silly or unwise; showing poor judgment or little intelligence.

dishonest. adjective. not honest.

mean. adjective. not willing to give or share things, especially money.

calm. adjective. peaceful, quiet, and without worry.

intelligent. adjective. showing intelligence, or able to learn and understand things easily.

clever. adjective. having or showing the ability to learn and understand things quickly and easily.

honest. adjective. telling the truth or able to be trusted and not likely to steal, cheat, or lie.

generous. adjective. willing to give money, help, kindness, etc., especially more than is usual or
expected.

nice. adjective. kind, friendly, or polite.

impatient. adjective. easily annoyed by someone's mistakes or because you have to wait.

serious. adjective. A serious person is quiet, thinks carefully about things, and does not laugh a lot.

lazy. adjective. not willing to work or use any effort.

shy. adjective. nervous and uncomfortable with other people.

unreliable. adjective. not able to be trusted or believed.

negative. adjective. not expecting good things, or likely to consider only the bad side of a situation.

patient. adjective. having patience.

humour. noun. the ability to find things funny, the way in which people see that some things are funny,
or the quality of being funny.

hard-working. adjective. always doing a lot of work.

confident. adjective. being certain of your abilities or having trust in people, plans, or the future.

reliable. adjective. Someone or something that is reliable can be trusted or believed because he, she, or
it works or behaves well in the way you expect.

positive. adjective. full of hope and confidence, or giving cause for hope and confidence.

Unit 12

mood. noun. the way you feel at a particular time.

depressed. adjective. unhappy and without hope.

miserable. adjective. very unhappy.

cheerful. adjective. happy and positive.

anxiety. noun. an uncomfortable feeling of nervousness or worry about something that is happening or
might happen in the future.

confusion. noun. a situation in which people do not understand what is happening, what they should do
or who someone or something is.

disappointment. noun. the feeling of being disappointed.

curiosity. noun. an eager wish to know or learn about something.

jealousy. noun. a feeling of unhappiness and anger because someone has something or someone that
you want.

pride. noun. a feeling of pleasure and satisfaction that you get because you or people connected with
you have done or got something good.

upset. verb. to make someone worried, unhappy, or angry.

jealous. adjective. unhappy and angry because someone has something that you want.

hopeful. adjective. having hope.

confused. adjective. unable to think clearly or to understand something.

frightened. adjective. feeling fear or worry.

scared. adjective. frightened or worried.

anxious. adjective. worried and nervous.

curious. adjective. interested in learning about people or things around you.

disappointed. adjective. unhappy because someone or something was not as good as you hoped or
expected, or because something did not happen.

proud. adjective. feeling pleasure and satisfaction because you or people connected with you have done
or got something good.

emotional. adjective. having and expressing strong feelings.

feelings. emotions, especially those influenced by other people.

feeling. noun. emotion.

emotion. noun. a strong feeling such as love or anger, or strong feelings in general.

Unit 13

current. adjective. of the present time.

friendship. noun. a situation in which two people are friends.

mate. noun. a friend.

old. adjective. having lived or existed for many years.

son-in-law. noun. the man who is married to your daughter or son.

brother. noun. a man or boy with the same parents as another person.

mother. noun. a female parent.

relations. noun. the relationships that exist between two people, organizations, or countries, and
whether these are good or bad.

sister-in-law. noun. the wife of your brother or sister, or the sister of your husband or wife, or the wife
of the brother or sister of your husband or wife.

married. adjective. having a wife or husband.

niece. noun. a daughter of your brother or sister, or a daughter of your husband's or wife's brother or
sister.

nephew. noun. a son of your sister or brother, or a son of the sister or brother of your husband or wife.

cousin. noun. a child of a person's aunt or uncle, or, more generally, a distant (= not close) relation.

altogether. adverb. in total.

only child. noun. a child who has no sisters or brothers.

family. noun. a group of people who are related to each other, such as a mother, a father, and their
children.
close. adjective. having direct family connections or shared beliefs, support, and sympathy.

twin. noun. either of two children born to the same mother on the same occasion.

elder sister/brother/son/daughter. a sister/brother/son/daughter who is older than the other sister(s),

brother(s), etc..

stepfather. noun. the man who is married to someone's mother but who is not their real father.

remarry. verb. to marry again.

widow. noun. a woman whose husband or wife has died and who has not married again.

Unit 14

alive. adjective. living, not dead.

stay out. to not come home at night, or to go home late.

let. verb. to allow something to happen or someone to do something by not doing anything to stop an
action or by giving your permission.

manage. verb. to succeed in doing or dealing with something, especially something difficult.

at first. in or at the beginning.

in the end. after considering everything.

allow. verb. to give permission for someone to do something, or to not prevent something from
happening.

strict. adjective. strongly limiting someone's freedom to behave as they wish, or likely to severely punish
someone if they do not obey.

dead. adjective. not now living.

eighties. noun. A person's eighties are the period in which they are aged between 80 and 89.

nearly. adverb. almost, or not completely.

late. adjective, adverb. (happening or being) near the end of a period of time.

mid-. prefix. the middle of.

twenties. noun. A person's twenties are the period in which they are aged between 20 and 29.

early. adjective, adverb. near the beginning of a period of time, or before the usual, expected, or
planned time.

elderly. adjective. polite word for old.

retired. adjective. If someone is retired, they have stopped working permanently, usually because of
age.

middle-aged. adjective. in middle age.

adult. noun. a person or animal that has grown to full size and strength.

teens. noun. A person's teens are the period in which they are aged between 13 and 19.

teenager. noun. a young person between 13 and 19 years old.

childhood. noun. the time when someone is a child.

toddler. noun. a young child, especially one who is learning or has recently learned to walk.

birth. noun. the time when a baby or young animal comes out of its mother's body.

Unit 15

divorced. adjective. married in the past but not now married.

leave. verb. to go away from someone or something, for a short time or permanently.

give up. to stop trying to do something before you have finished, usually because it is too difficult.

celebration. noun. a special social event, such as a party, when you celebrate something.

anniversary. noun. the day on which an important event happened in a previous year.

pregnant. adjective. (of a woman and some female animals) having a baby or babies developing inside
the womb.

honeymoon. noun. a holiday taken by a couple immediately after their marriage.

reception. noun. a formal party at which important people are welcomed.

wedding. noun. a marriage ceremony and any celebrations such as a meal or a party that follow it.

ceremony. noun. (a set of) formal acts, often fixed and traditional, performed on important social or
religious occasions.

couple. noun. two people who are married or in a romantic or sexual relationship, or two people who
are together for a particular purpose.

couple. noun. two or a few things that are similar or the same, or two or a few people who are in some
way connected.

engaged. adjective. having formally agreed to marry.

love. verb. to like another adult very much and be romantically and sexually attracted to them, or to
have strong feelings of liking a friend or person in your family.

get to know sb/sth. to spend time with someone or something so that you gradually learn more about
him, her, or it.

relationship. noun. a close romantic friendship between two people, often a sexual one.

serious. adjective. If two people who have a romantic relationship are serious about each other, they
intend to continue the relationship and possibly marry..
break up. If a marriage breaks up or two people in a romantic relationship break up, their marriage or
their relationship ends.

go out. to have a romantic and usually sexual relationship with someone.

date. noun. a social meeting planned before it happens, especially one between two people who have or
might have a romantic relationship.

Unit 16

chat. verb. to talk to someone in a friendly informal way.

come round. to visit someone in their home.

go out. to leave a room or building, especially in order to do something for entertainment.

stay in. to stay in your home.

luckily. adverb. because of good luck.

shopping. noun. the activity of buying things from shops.

ironing. noun. the activity of making clothes flat and smooth, using an iron.

washing. noun. clothes, sheets, etc. that need to be or have just been washed.

washing. noun. the act of washing clothes.

housework. noun. the work of keeping a house clean and tidy.

cleaner. noun. a person whose job is to clean houses, offices, public places, etc..

fortunately. adverb. happening because of good luck.

shower. noun. an acting of washing using a shower.

feed. verb. to give food to a person, group, or animal.

takeaway. noun. a meal cooked and bought at a shop or restaurant but taken somewhere else, often
home, to be eaten, or the shop or restaurant itself.

bother. verb. to make the effort to do something.

meal. noun. an occasion when food is eaten, or the food that is eaten on such an occasion.

main. adjective. larger, more important, or having more influence than others of the same type.

cereal. noun. a food that is made from grain and eaten with milk, especially in the morning.

fall asleep. to start to sleep.

straightaway. adverb. immediately.

get up. to stand up.

wake (sb) up. to (cause to) become conscious after sleeping.

wake. verb. to (cause someone to) become awake and conscious after sleeping.

Unit 17

central heating. noun. a system of heating buildings by warming air or water at one place and then
sending it to different rooms in pipes.

dark. adjective. with little or no light.

character. noun. qualities that are interesting and unusual.

charming. adjective. pleasant and attractive.

cottage. noun. a small house, usually in the countryside.

own. determiner, pronoun. belonging to or done by a particular person or thing.

apartment. noun. a set of rooms for living in, especially on one floor of a building.

flat. noun. a set of rooms for living in that are part of a larger building and are usually all on one floor.

the first floor. noun. the level of a building that is one level above the street.

the ground floor. noun. the floor of a building that is at the same level as the ground outside.

balcony. noun. an area with a wall or bars around it that is joined to the outside wall of a building on an
upper level.

top floor. noun. the highest level of a building.

air conditioning. noun. the system used for keeping the air in a building or vehicle cool.

lift. noun. a device like a box that moves up and down, carrying people or goods from one floor of a
building to another or taking people up and down underground in a mine.

block of flats. noun. a large building that is divided into apartments.

upstairs. adverb, adjective. towards or on the highest floor or floors of a building.

downstairs. adverb. to or on a lower floor of a building, especially the ground floor.

the second floor. noun. in British English, the floor of a building that is two floors above ground level, or
in American English, the floor that is directly above ground level.

rent. noun. a fixed amount of money that you pay regularly for the use of a room, house, car, television,
etc. that someone else owns.

view. noun. what you can see from a particular place, or the ability to see from a particular place.

space. noun. an empty area that is available to be used.

move. verb. to go to a different place to live or work.

location. noun. a place or position.

the outskirts. noun. the areas that form the edge of a town or city.

Unit 18

pillow. noun. a rectangular cloth bag filled with soft material, such as feathers or artificial materials,
used for resting your head on in bed.

blanket. noun. a flat cover made of wool or similar warm material, usually used on a bed.

sheet. noun. a large piece of thin cloth used on a bed for sleeping on or under.

duvet. noun. a large, soft, flat bag filled with feathers or artificial material used as a covering on a bed.

blind. noun. a cover for a window made of a single piece or strips of cloth, paper, or plastic that is pulled
up or down by a string.

curtain. noun. a piece of material, especially cloth, that hangs across a window or opening to make a
room or part of a room dark or private.

carpet. noun. (a shaped piece of) thick material used for covering floors.

floor. noun. the flat surface of a room on which you walk.

wooden. adjective. made of wood.

armchair. noun. a comfortable chair with sides that support your arms.

firm. adjective. not soft but not completely hard.

cushion. noun. a bag made of cloth, plastic, or leather that is filled with soft material, often has an
attractive cover, and is used especially on chairs for sitting or leaning on.

sofa. noun. a long, soft seat with a back and usually arms, on which more than one person can sit at the
same time.

cupboard. noun. a piece of furniture or a space for storing things, with a door or doors and usually with
shelves.

oven. noun. the part of a cooker with a door, used to bake or roast food.

cooker. noun. a large box-shaped device that is used to cook and heat food, either by putting the food
inside or by putting it on the top.

freezer. noun. a container, operated by electricity, that stores food at a very cold temperature so that it
becomes solid and can be kept safely for a long time.

fridge. noun. a piece of kitchen equipment that uses electricity to preserve food at a cold temperature.

tile. noun. a thin, usually square or rectangular piece of baked clay, plastic, etc. used for covering roofs,
floors, walls, etc..

kettle. noun. a container for boiling water, that has a lid, handle, and spout and is made from plastic or
metal.
tap. noun. a device that controls the flow of liquid, especially water, from a pipe.

microwave. noun. an electric oven that uses waves of energy to cook or heat food quickly.

sink. noun. a bowl that is attached to the wall in a kitchen or bathroom in which you wash dishes or your
hands, etc..

washing machine. noun. a machine for washing clothes, sheets, and other things made of cloth.

utility room. noun. a room, especially in a house, where large pieces of useful equipment such as a
washing machine can be kept and where things can be stored.

dishwasher. noun. a machine that washes dirty plates, cups, forks, etc..

study. noun. a room, especially in a house, used for quiet work such as reading or writing.

spare. adjective. If something is spare, it is available to use because it is extra.

bathroom. noun. a room with a bath and/or shower and often a toilet.

en suite. adverb. used to describe a bathroom that is directly connected to a bedroom, or a bedroom
that is connected to a bathroom.

share. verb. to have or use something at the same time as someone else.

Unit 19

charge. verb. to ask an amount of money for something, especially a service or activity.

deposit. verb. to pay someone an amount of money when you make an agreement with that person to
pay for or buy something, that either will be returned to you later, if the agreed arrangement is kept, or
that forms part of the total payment.

rent. noun. a fixed amount of money that you pay regularly for the use of a room, house, car, television,
etc. that someone else owns.

can afford. to be able to buy or do something because you have enough money or time.

save (sth) up. to keep money so that you can buy something with it in the future.

earn. verb. to receive money as payment for work that you do.

owe. verb. to need to pay or give something to someone because they have lent money to you, or in
exchange for something they have done for you.

waste. noun. an unnecessary or wrong use of money, substances, time, energy, abilities, etc..

fee. noun. an amount of money paid for a particular piece of work or for a particular right or service.

student loan. noun. an agreement by which a student at a college or university borrows money from a
bank to pay for their education and then pays the money back after they finish studying and start
working.

cheque. noun. a printed form, used instead of money, to make payments from your bank account.
check. verb. to make certain that something or someone is correct, safe, or suitable by examining it,
him, or her quickly.

cash. noun. money in the form of notes and coins, rather than cheques or credit cards.

cashpoint. noun. a cash machine mainly UK.

credit. noun. a method of paying for goods or services at a later time, usually paying interest as well as
the original money.

bank account. noun. an arrangement with a bank in which the customer puts in and removes money and
the bank keeps a record of it.

pence. plural of penny (= a unit of money).

coin. noun. a small, round piece of metal, usually silver or copper coloured, that is used as money.

note. noun. a piece of paper money.

euro. noun. the unit of money used in most European Union countries.

dollar. noun. the standard unit of money used in the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and other
countries.

sterling. noun. British money.

currency. noun. the money that is used in a particular country at a particular time.

Unit 20

illness. noun. a disease of the body or mind.

disease. noun. (an) illness of people, animals, plants, etc., caused by infection or a failure of health
rather than by an accident.

heart attack. noun. a serious medical condition in which the heart does not get enough blood, causing
great pain and often leading to death.

cancer. noun. a serious disease that is caused when cells in the body grow in a way that is uncontrolled
and not normal, killing normal cells and often causing death.

surgery. noun. the treatment of injuries or diseases in people or animals by cutting open the body and
removing or repairing the damaged part.

surgeon. noun. a doctor who is specially trained to perform medical operations.

operation. noun. an occasion when a doctor cuts a body for medical reasons in order to repair, remove,
or replace an unhealthy or damaged part.

patient. noun. a person who is receiving medical care, or who is cared for by a particular doctor or
dentist when necessary.

serious. adjective. severe in effect; bad.

painful. adjective. causing emotional or physical pain.

hurt. verb. to feel pain in a part of your body, or to injure someone or cause them pain.

ache. noun. a continuous pain that is unpleasant but not very strong.

pain. noun. a feeling of physical suffering caused by injury or illness.

tablet. noun. a small, solid piece of medicine.

medicine. noun. a substance, especially in the form of a liquid or a pill, that is a treatment for illness or
injury.

bandage. noun. a long, narrow piece of cloth that is tied around an injury or a part of someone's body
that has been hurt.

flu. noun. a common infectious illness that causes fever and headache.

sick. adjective. physically or mentally ill; not well or healthy.

headache. noun. a pain you feel inside your head.

cough. noun. an illness that makes you cough a lot.

cough. noun. the act of coughing, or the sound this makes.

bleeding. noun. the process of losing blood from the body.

cut. verb. to break the surface of something, or to divide or make something smaller, using a sharp tool,
especially a knife.

run/have a temperature. to have a higher body temperature than normal and to be ill.

sore throat. noun. a condition in which your throat is red and feels painful, especially when you
swallow .

Unit 21

suit. verb. (usually of a colour or style of clothes) to make someone look more attractive.

trousers. noun. a piece of clothing that covers the lower part of the body from the waist to the feet,
consisting of two cylinder-shaped parts, one for each leg, that are joined at the top.

change. verb. to remove one set of clothes and put a different set on yourself or a young child, especially
a baby, or to remove dirty sheets from a bed and put clean ones on it.

undo. verb. to unfasten something that is fastened or tied.

dressed. adjective. wearing clothes and not naked.

cap. noun. a soft flat hat that has a curved part sticking out at the front, often worn as part of a uniform.

sweater. noun. a piece of clothing, typically with long sleeves and made from wool, that is worn on the
upper part of the body.
jumper. noun. a piece of clothing with long sleeves that is usually made from wool, is worn on the upper
part of the body and does not open at the front.

zip. noun. a device consisting of two rows of metal or plastic teeth-like parts that are brought together
by pulling a small sliding piece over them, used for closing openings in clothing, bags, etc..

jacket. noun. a short coat.

jeans. noun. trousers made of denim (= strong blue cotton cloth) that are worn informally.

trainer. noun. a type of light, comfortable shoe that can be worn for sport.

rucksack. noun. a backpack.

T-shirt. noun. a simple piece of clothing, usually with short sleeves and no collar, that covers the top part
of the body.

pocket. noun. a small bag for carrying things in, made of cloth and sewn into the inside or onto the
outside of a piece of clothing.

scarf. noun. a strip, square, or triangle of cloth, worn around the neck, head, or shoulders to keep you
warm or to make you look attractive.

collar. noun. the part around the neck of a piece of clothing, usually sewn on and sometimes made of
different material.

suit. noun. a jacket and trousers or a jacket and skirt that are made from the same material.

button. noun. a small, usually circular object used to fasten something, for example a shirt or coat.

sleeve. noun. the part of a piece of clothing that covers some or all of the arm.

tie. noun. a long, thin piece of material that is worn under a shirt collar, especially by men, and tied in a
knot at the front.

earring. noun. a piece of jewellery, usually one of a pair, worn in a hole in the ear or fastened to the ear
by a clip.

necklace. noun. a piece of jewellery worn around the neck, such as a chain or a string of decorative
stones, beads, etc..

skirt. noun. a piece of clothing for women and girls that hangs from the waist and does not have legs.

tights. noun. a piece of clothing made of thin material that covers the legs and lower part of the body
below the waist, worn by women and girls.

boot. noun. a type of shoe that covers the whole foot and the lower part of the leg.

ring. noun. a circular piece of jewellery worn especially on your finger.

bracelet. noun. a piece of jewellery that is worn around the wrist or arm.

top. noun. any piece of light clothing worn on the part of the body above the waist.
casual. adjective. Casual clothes are not formal or not suitable for special occasions.

well dressed. adjective. wearing attractive and stylish clothes.

stylish. adjective. of a high quality in appearance, design, or behaviour.

Unit 22

changing room. noun. a room where people can change their clothes, for example before and after
sports or, in a shop, where people can try on clothes before buying them.

loose. adjective. (of clothes) not fitting closely to the body.

tight. adjective. Clothes or shoes that are tight fit the body too closely and are uncomfortable.

size. noun. one of the standard measures according to which goods are made or sold.

serving. adjective. employed at the present time in a particular organization, especially the armed
forces.

shop assistant. noun. someone who serves customers in a shop.

fit. verb. to be the right size or shape for someone or something.

match. noun. something that is similar to or combines well with something else.

designer. adjective. made by a famous or fashionable designer.

wardrobe. noun. a tall cupboard in which you hang your clothes.

go with sth. If one thing goes with another, they suit each other or they look or taste good together.

fashionable. adjective. popular at a particular time.

suit. verb. to be right for a particular person, situation, or occasion.

try sth on. to put on a piece of clothing to discover if it fits you or if you like it.

shop. noun. the act of shopping, especially of shopping for food and other things needed in the house.

Unit 23

haggling. noun. the act of arguing about the price of something in an attempt to make the seller reduce
it.

stall. noun. a large table or a small shop with an open front from which goods are sold in a public place.

atmosphere. noun. the character, feeling, or mood of a place or situation.

market. noun. the people who might want to buy something, or a part of the world where something is
sold.

street. noun. a road in a city or town that has buildings that are usually close together along one or both
sides.
replace. verb. to take the place of something, or to put something or someone in the place of something
or someone else.

wide. adjective. used to describe something that includes a large amount or many different types of
thing, or that covers a large range or area.

convenient. adjective. suitable for your purposes and needs and causing the least difficulty.

under the same roof. in the same building.

shopping centre. noun. a group of shops with a common area for cars to park.

throw sth away. to get rid of something you do not want any more.

special offer. noun. a product or service that is sold at a lower than usual price in order encourage
people to buy or use it, or the act of offering goods and services in this way.

likely. adjective. If something is likely, it will probably happen or is expected.

item. noun. something that is part of a list or group of things.

queue. noun. a line of people, usually standing or in cars, waiting for something.

entrance. noun. a door, gate, etc. by which you can enter a building or place.

fresh. adjective. recently made, done, arrived, etc., and especially not yet changed by time.

make. verb. to cause something.

trolley. noun. a small vehicle with two or four wheels that you push or pull to transport large or heavy
objects on.

checkout. noun. the place in a shop, especially a large food shop, where you pay for your goods.

shelves. noun. plural of shelf.

basket. noun. a light container, often with a handle, that is made of thin strips of wood, metal, or plastic
twisted together, used for carrying or storing things.

sweets. plural noun. sweet food, such as candy or cake.

Unit 24

prawn. noun. a small sea animal with a shell and ten legs, that can be eaten.

salmon. noun. a medium-sized silver-coloured fish that lives in the sea or rivers and swims up rivers to
produce its eggs. Its pink flesh is eaten as a food.

chicken. noun. a type of bird kept on a farm for its eggs or its meat, or the meat of this bird that is
cooked and eaten.

pork. noun. meat from a pig, eaten as food.

lamb. noun. a young sheep, or the flesh of a young sheep eaten as meat.
beef. noun. the flesh of cattle (= cows), eaten as food.

vinegar. noun. a sharp-tasting liquid, made especially from sour wine, malt, or cider, that is used to add
flavour to or to preserve food.

oil. noun. a smooth thick liquid produced from plants or animals that is used in cooking.

salad dressing. noun. a cold sauce made from oil and vinegar, added to salads to give flavour.

salad. noun. a mixture of uncooked vegetables, usually including lettuce, eaten either as a separate dish
or with other food.

spinach. noun. a vegetable with wide, dark green leaves that are eaten cooked or uncooked.

broccoli. noun. a vegetable with a green stem or stems and a mass or several masses of flower buds at
the top. There are several kinds of broccoli..

cabbage. noun. a large, round vegetable with large green, white, or purple leaves that can be eaten
cooked or uncooked.

pepper. noun. a vegetable that is usually green, red, or yellow, has a rounded shape, and is hollow with
seeds in the middle.

courgette. noun. a long, thin vegetable with a dark green skin. It is a type of small marrow..

aubergine. noun. an oval, purple vegetable that is white inside and is usually eaten cooked.

mushroom. noun. a fungus with a round top and short stem. Some types of mushroom can be eaten.

carrot. noun. a long pointed orange root eaten as a vegetable.

garlic. noun. a plant of the onion family that has a strong taste and smell and is used in cooking to add
flavour.

onion. noun. a vegetable with a strong smell and flavour, made up of several layers surrounding each
other tightly in a round shape, usually brown or red on the outside and white inside.

pea. noun. a round, green seed, several of which grow in a pod, eaten as a vegetable.

bean. noun. a seed, or the pod containing seeds, of various climbing plants, eaten as a vegetable.

coconut. noun. a large fruit like a nut with a thick, hard, brown shell covered in fibre (= a mass of thread-
like parts) and containing hard, white flesh that can be eaten and a clear liquid.

lemon. noun. an oval fruit that has a thick, yellow skin and sour juice, or the small tree on which this
fruit grows.

melon. noun. a large, round fruit with hard yellow or green skin, sweet flesh, and a lot of seeds.

olive. noun. a small bitter green or black fruit that is eaten or used to produce oil, or a Mediterranean
tree on which this fruit grows.

strawberry. noun. a small juicy red fruit that has small brown seeds on its surface, or the plant with
white flowers on which this fruit grows.
peach. noun. a round fruit with sweet yellow flesh that has a lot of juice, a slightly furry red and yellow
skin, and a large seed in its centre.

pineapple. noun. (the yellow flesh and juice of) a large tropical fruit with a rough orange or brown skin
and pointed leaves on top.

Unit 25

cook. noun. someone who prepares and cooks food.

cooker. noun. a large box-shaped device that is used to cook and heat food, either by putting the food
inside or by putting it on the top.

pie. noun. a type of food made with meat, vegetables, or fruit covered in pastry and baked.

ingredient. noun. a food that is used with other foods in the preparation of a particular dish.

recipe. noun. a set of instructions telling you how to prepare and cook food, including a list of what food
is needed for this.

sweet. adjective. (especially of food or drink) having a taste similar to that of sugar; not bitter or salty.

sour. adjective. having a sharp, sometimes unpleasant, taste or smell, like a lemon, and not sweet.

flavour. noun. how food or drink tastes, or a particular taste itself.

spicy. adjective. containing strong flavours from spices.

taste. noun. the flavour of something, or the ability of a person or animal to recognize different flavours.

chef. noun. a skilled and trained cook who works in a hotel or restaurant, especially the most important
cook.

stir. verb. to mix a liquid or other substance by moving an object such as a spoon in a circular pattern.

add. verb. to put something with something else to increase the number or amount or to improve the
whole.

chop. verb. to cut something into pieces with an axe, knife, or other sharp instrument.

peel. verb. to remove the skin of fruit and vegetables.

oven. noun. the part of a cooker with a door, used to bake or roast food.

frying pan. noun. a flat metal pan with a long handle, used for frying food.

saucepan. noun. a deep, round pan with straight sides, usually with a handle and a lid, used for cooking
things over heat.

raw. adjective. (of food) not cooked.

barbecue. verb. to cook food on a barbecue.

bake. verb. to cook inside an oven, without using added liquid or fat.
roast. verb. to cook food in an oven or over a fire.

grill. noun. the surface in a cooker that can be heated to very high temperatures and under which you
put food to be cooked.

fry. verb. to cook food in hot oil or fat.

boil. verb. to cook food by putting it in water that is boiling.

Unit 26

pollution. noun. damage caused to water, air, etc. by harmful substances or waste.

dangerous. adjective. A dangerous person, animal, thing, or activity could harm you.

dirty. adjective. marked with dirt, mud, etc., or containing something such as pollution or bacteria.

crowded. adjective. If a place is crowded, it is full of people.

culture. noun. music, art, theatre, literature, etc..

culture. noun. the way of life, especially the general customs and beliefs, of a particular group of people
at a particular time.

variety. noun. the characteristic of often changing and being different.

lively. adjective. full of energy and enthusiasm; interesting and exciting .

nightlife. noun. entertainment and social activities that happen in the evening in bars and clubs.

advantage. noun. a condition giving a greater chance of success.

exhausted. adjective. extremely tired.

stressful. adjective. making you feel worried and nervous.

park. verb. to put a vehicle in a place where it can stay for a period of time, usually while you leave it.

traffic jam. noun. a large number of vehicles close together and unable to move or moving very slowly.

be in a tearing hurry. to be going somewhere very quickly, usually because you are late.

Unit 27

hopeless. adjective. without hope.

public transport. noun. a system of vehicles such as buses and trains that operate at regular times on
fixed routes and are used by the public.

public. adjective. A public place is one where a lot of people are.

away. adverb. somewhere else, or to or in a different place, position, or situation.

village. noun. a group of houses and other buildings that is smaller than a town, usually in the
countryside.
up. adverb. not in bed.

sunset. noun. the time in the evening when you last see the sun in the sky.

farming. noun. the activity of working on a farm or organizing the work there.

crop. noun. (the total amount collected of) a plant such as a grain, fruit, or vegetable grown in large
amounts.

keep. verb. to have or continue to have in your possession.

own. determiner, pronoun. belonging to or done by a particular person or thing.

scenery. noun. the general appearance of the natural environment, especially when it is beautiful.

season. noun. one of the four periods of the year; spring, summer, autumn, or winter.

pick. verb. to take some things and leave others.

woods. plural noun. an area of land covered with a thick growth of trees.

bank. noun. sloping raised land, especially along the sides of a river.

surround. verb. to be everywhere around something.

countryside. noun. land not in towns, cities, or industrial areas, that is either used for farming or left in
its natural condition.

Unit 28

season ticket. noun. a ticket that can be used many times within a limited period and is cheaper than
paying separately for each use.

return. noun. a ticket for travel to a place and back again.

reliable. adjective. Someone or something that is reliable can be trusted or believed because he, she, or
it works or behaves well in the way you expect.

round the corner. very near here.

complaining. noun. the act of saying that something is wrong or not satisfactory.

away. adverb. at a distance (of or from here).

convenient. adjective. suitable for your purposes and needs and causing the least difficulty.

fly. verb. to travel by aircraft, or to go somewhere or cross something in an aircraft.

stop. noun. a place where vehicles, especially buses, stop in order to allow passengers to get off and on.

stop. verb. to pause for a short time while travelling or during an activity.

cyclist. noun. someone who rides a bicycle.

flight. noun. a journey in an aircraft.

pilot. noun. a person who flies an aircraft.

journey. noun. the act of travelling from one place to another, especially in a vehicle.

bus stop. noun. a place, usually with a pole with a sign, where a bus stops to allow passengers to get on
and off.

catch. verb. to travel or be able to travel on an aircraft, train, bus, etc..

fare. noun. the money that you pay for a journey in a vehicle such as a bus or train.

motorbike. noun. a motorcycle.

van. noun. a medium-sized road vehicle, used especially for carrying goods, that often has no windows
in the sides at the back.

bicycle. noun. a two-wheeled vehicle that you sit on and move by turning the two pedals (= flat parts
you press with your feet).

truck. noun. a large road vehicle that is used for transporting large amounts of goods.

lorry. noun. a truck.

coach. noun. a long motor vehicle with comfortable seats, used to take groups of people on journeys.

bus. noun. a large vehicle in which people are driven from one place to another.

vehicle. noun. a machine, usually with wheels and an engine, used for transporting people or goods,
especially on land.

Unit 29

damaged. adjective. harmed or spoiled.

injured. adjective. hurt or physically harmed.

crash. verb. If a vehicle crashes or someone crashes it, it is involved in an accident, usually a serious one
in which the vehicle is damaged and someone is hurt.

swerve. verb. to change direction, especially suddenly.

brake. verb. to make a vehicle go slower or stop, using its brake or brakes.

brake. noun. a device that makes a vehicle go slower or stop, or a pedal, bar, or handle that makes this
device work.

pavement. noun. a path with a hard surface on one or both sides of a road, that people walk on.

main road. noun. a large and important road.

accident. noun. something bad that happens that is not expected or intended and that often damages
something or injures someone.

sign. noun. a notice giving information, directions, a warning, etc..

directions. instructions that you give to someone about how to find a particular place.

ask. verb. to put a question to someone, or to request an answer from someone.

turning. noun. a place, especially a road, track, or path, where you can leave the road you are on.

lost. adjective. not knowing where you are and how to get to a place.

outside lane. noun. the part of the road nearest the vehicles going in the opposite direction, used
especially by faster vehicles.

inside lane. noun. the part of the road nearest the edge, used especially by slower vehicles.

motorway. noun. a wide road for fast-moving traffic, especially in the UK, Ireland, and some other
countries, with a limited number of places at which drivers can enter and leave it.

bridge. noun. a structure that is built over a river, road, or railway to allow people and vehicles to cross
from one side to the other.

pedestrian crossing. noun. a special place in a road where traffic must stop to allow people to walk
across.

speed limit. noun. the fastest rate at which you are allowed to drive in a particular area.

overtake. verb. to go past something by being a greater amount or degree.

bend. verb. to (cause to) curve.

junction. noun. a place where things, especially roads or railways, come together.

traffic light. noun. one of a set of red, yellow, and green lights that control the movement of vehicles,
usually at a point where two or more roads join.

Unit 31

meaning. noun. The meaning of something is what it expresses or represents.

spelling. noun. forming words with the correct letters in the correct order, or the ability to do this.

repetition. noun. the act of doing or saying something again.

difference. noun. the way in which two or more things which you are comparing are not the same.

spell. verb. to form a word or words with the letters in the correct order.

pronounce. verb. to say a word or a letter in a particular way.

look sth up. to try to find a piece of information by looking in a book or on a computer.

plug in. to become connected to a piece of electrical equipment or to the main electricity supply.

plug. noun. a small plastic or rubber object with two or three metal pins, attached to the end of a wire
on a piece of electrical equipment and pushed into a special opening in a wall to connect the equipment
to a supply of electricity.
highlighter. noun. a special pen containing bright ink, used to mark words in a book, magazine, etc..

ruler. noun. a long, narrow, flat piece of plastic, metal, or wood with straight edges where centimetres
or inches, or both are printed. It is used for measuring things and for drawing straight lines..

pencil sharpener. noun. a mechanical, electric, or small handheld device for making a sharp point on
pencils.

rubber. noun. an eraser mainly US.

socket. noun. the part of a piece of equipment, especially electrical equipment, into which another part
fits.

DVD. noun. abbreviation for digital versatile disc or digital video disc: a disc used for storing and playing
music, films, or information.

Unit 32

relaxed. adjective. A relaxed situation or place is comfortable and informal.

strict. adjective. strongly limiting someone's freedom to behave as they wish, or likely to severely punish
someone if they do not obey.

smart. adjective. having a clean, tidy, and stylish appearance.

uniform. noun. a particular set of clothes that has to be worn by the members of the same organization
or group of people.

male. adjective. used to refer to men or boys, or the sex that fertilizes eggs, and does not produce
babies or eggs itself.

lipstick. noun. a coloured substance that women put on their lips to make them more attractive.

punish. verb. to cause someone who has done something wrong or committed a crime to suffer, by
hurting them, forcing them to pay money, sending them to prison, etc..

term. noun. one of the periods into which a year is divided at school, college, or university.

training. noun. the process of learning the skills you need to do a particular job or activity.

vocational. adjective. providing skills and education that prepare you for a job.

primary school. noun. in the UK and other countries, a school for children between five and eleven years
old.

nursery school. noun. a school for children between the ages of about two and five.

attend. verb. to go to an event, place, etc..

private school. noun. a school that does not receive financial support from the government.

system. noun. a set of connected things or devices that operate together.

Unit 33
exam. noun. a test of a student's knowledge or skill in a particular subject .

retake. verb. to take an exam again because you failed it the first time.

fail. verb. to not succeed in what you are trying to achieve or are expected to do.

pass. verb. to be successful in an exam, course, etc..

well. adverb. in a good way, to a high or satisfactory standard.

basic. adjective. simple and not complicated, so able to provide the base or starting point from which
something can develop.

increase. verb. to (make something) become larger in amount or size.

consonant. noun. one of the speech sounds or letters of the alphabet that is not a vowel. Consonants
are pronounced by stopping the air from flowing easily through the mouth, especially by closing the lips
or touching the teeth with the tongue..

vowel. noun. a speech sound produced by humans when the breath flows out through the mouth
without being blocked by the teeth, tongue, or lips.

alphabet. noun. a set of letters arranged in a fixed order, used for writing a language.

accent. noun. the way in which people in a particular area, country, or social group pronounce words.

fluent. adjective. When a person is fluent, they can speak a language easily, well, and quickly.

accurately. adverb. in a way that is correct, exact, and without any mistakes.

vocabulary. noun. all the words that exist in a particular language or subject.

Unit 34

research. noun. a detailed study of a subject, especially in order to discover (new) information or reach a
(new) understanding.

postgraduate. noun. a student who has already received one degree and is studying at a university for a
more advanced degree.

undergraduate. noun. a student who is studying for their first degree at a college or university.

qualified. adjective. having finished a training course, or having particular skills, etc..

qualify. verb. to successfully finish a training course so that you are able to do a job; to have or achieve
the necessary skills, etc..

laboratory. noun. a room or building with scientific equipment for doing scientific tests or for teaching
science, or a place where chemicals or medicines are produced.

teach. verb. to give someone knowledge or to train someone; to instruct.

library. noun. a building, room, or organization that has a collection of books, documents, music, and
sometimes things such as tools or artwork, for people to borrow, usually without payment.
essay. noun. a short piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one done by students as part of
the work for a course.

lecturer. noun. someone who teaches at a college or university.

degree. noun. a course of study at a college or university, or the qualification given to a student after he
or she has completed his or her studies.

qualification. noun. an official record showing that you have finished a training course or have the
necessary skills, etc..

psychologist. noun. someone who studies the human mind and human emotions and behaviour, and
how different situations have an effect on people.

psychology. noun. the scientific study of the way the human mind works and how it influences
behaviour, or the influence of a particular person's character on their behaviour .

architecture. noun. the art and practice of designing and making buildings.

law. noun. the area of knowledge or work that involves studying or working with the law .

businesswoman. noun. a woman who works in business, especially one who has a high position in a
company.

businessman. noun. a man who works in business, especially one who has a high position in a company.

business studies. noun. a course or area of study that teaches the principles of business, management,
and economics.

economics. noun. the way in which trade, industry, or money is organized, or the study of this.

engineering. noun. the work of an engineer, or the study of this work.

medicine. noun. treatment for illness or injury, or the study of this.

Unit 35

firefighter. noun. a person whose job is to stop fires from burning.

police officer. noun. a male or female member of the police force.

pilot. noun. a person who flies an aircraft.

sailor. noun. a person who works on a ship, especially one who is not an officer.

soldier. noun. a person who is in an army and wears its uniform, especially someone who fights when
there is a war.

operate. verb. to cut a body open for medical reasons in order to repair, remove, or replace an
unhealthy or damaged part.

surgery. noun. the treatment of injuries or diseases in people or animals by cutting open the body and
removing or repairing the damaged part.
dentist. noun. a person whose job is treating people's teeth.

GP. noun. abbreviation for general practitioner: a doctor who provides general medical treatment for
people who live in a particular area.

treat. verb. to use drugs, exercises, etc. to cure a person of a disease or heal an injury.

lecturer. noun. someone who teaches at a college or university.

accountant. noun. someone who keeps or examines the records of money received, paid, and owed by a
company or person.

engineer. noun. a person whose job is to design or build machines, engines, or electrical equipment, or
things such as roads, railways, or bridges, using scientific principles.

lawyer. noun. someone whose job is to give advice to people about the law and speak for them in court.

design. verb. to make or draw plans for something, for example clothes or buildings.

architect. noun. a person whose job is to design new buildings and make certain that they are built
correctly.

fix. verb. to repair something.

repair. verb. to put something that is damaged, broken, or not working correctly, back into good
condition or make it work again.

mechanic. noun. someone whose job is repairing the engines of vehicles and other machines.

electrician. noun. a person who puts in, checks, and repairs electrical wires and electrical equipment.

socket. noun. the part of a piece of equipment, especially electrical equipment, into which another part
fits.

plumber. noun. a person whose job is to supply and connect or repair water pipes, baths, toilets, etc..

pipe. noun. a tube inside which liquid or gas flows from one place to another.

wood. noun. a hard substance that forms the branches and trunks of trees and can be used as a building
material, for making things, or as a fuel.

carpenter. noun. a person whose job is making and repairing wooden objects and structures.

builder. noun. a person whose job it is to make buildings.

brick. noun. a rectangular block of hard material used for building walls and houses.

Unit 36

minimum wage. noun. the smallest amount of money that employers are legally allowed to pay
someone who works for them.

nine to five. describing or relating to work that begins at nine o'clock in the morning and finishes at five,
the hours worked in many offices from Monday to Friday.
income tax. noun. a tax that you have to pay on your income, usually higher for people with larger
incomes.

year. noun. a period of twelve months, especially from 1 January to 31 December.

make. verb. to earn or get.

earn. verb. to receive money as payment for work that you do.

income. noun. money that is earned from doing work or received from investments.

run. verb. to be in control of something.

admin. noun. short for administration: the activities involved in managing or organizing a business or
other organization.

salary. noun. a fixed amount of money agreed every year as pay for an employee, usually paid directly
into his or her bank account every month.

day-to-day. adjective. happening every day as a regular part of your job or life.

in charge. being the person who has control of or is responsible for someone or something.

produce. verb. to make something or bring something into existence.

be responsible for sb/sth/doing sth. to have control and authority over something or someone and the
duty of taking care of it, him, or her.

deal with sb. to talk to someone or meet someone, especially as part of your job.

set up. to start a new business.

advise. verb. to give someone advice.

consultant. noun. someone who advises people on a particular subject.

Unit 37

retired. adjective. If someone is retired, they have stopped working permanently, usually because of
age.

full-time. adjective, adverb. (of work or education) done for the whole of a working week.

successful. adjective. achieving the results wanted or hoped for.

own. determiner, pronoun. belonging to or done by a particular person or thing.

part-time. adverb, adjective. If you work part-time or do part-time work, you work for only some of the
day or the week.

sack. verb. to remove someone from a job, usually because they have done something wrong or badly,
or sometimes as a way of saving the cost of employing them.

quit. verb. to stop doing something or leave a job or a place.

abroad. adverb. in or to a foreign country or countries.

training course. noun. a series of lessons to teach the skills and knowledge for a particular job or activity.

application. noun. an official request for something, usually in writing.

training. noun. the process of learning the skills you need to do a particular job or activity.

employed. adjective. having a job working for a company or another person.

interview. noun. a meeting in which someone asks you questions to see if you are suitable for a job or
course.

CV. noun. abbreviation for curriculum vitae formal: a short written description of your education,
qualifications, previous jobs, and sometimes also your personal interests, that you send to an employer
when you are trying to get a job.

apply. verb. to request something, usually officially, especially in writing or by sending in a form.

Unit 38

absent. adjective. not in the place where you are expected to be, especially at school or work.

colleague. noun. one of a group of people who work together.

production. noun. the process of making or growing goods to be sold.

attendance. noun. the fact of going somewhere such as a church, school, etc. regularly.

organization. noun. a group of people who work together in an organized way for a shared purpose.

arrangement. noun. a plan for how something will happen.

attend. verb. to go to an event, place, etc..

arrange. verb. to plan, prepare for, or organize something.

type. verb. to write using a machine, either a computer keyboard or a typewriter.

paperwork. noun. the part of a job that involves writing letters and reports and keeping records.

file. noun. any of several different types of container used to store papers, letters, and other documents
in an ordered way, especially in an office.

bin. noun. a container for waste.

keyboard. noun. the set of keys on a computer or typewriter that you press in order to make it work .

calculator. noun. a small electronic device that is used for doing calculations.

diary. noun. a book with a separate space or page for each day, in which you write down your future
arrangements, meetings, etc..

filing cabinet. noun. a large piece of furniture in an office, used for holding documents.
calendar. noun. a printed table showing all the days, weeks, and months of the year.

noticeboard. noun. a board on a wall on which notices can be fixed.

Unit 39

set up. to start a new business.

customer. noun. a person who buys goods or a service.

ex. noun. Someone's ex is a person who was their wife, husband, or partner in the past.

client. noun. a customer or someone who receives services.

former. adjective. of or in an earlier time; before the present time or in the past.

ambition. noun. a strong wish to achieve something.

achievement. noun. something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing.

a good/great deal. a large amount.

achieve. verb. to succeed in finishing something or reaching an aim, especially after a lot of work or
effort.

Unit 40

value. noun. the amount of money that can be received for something.

percentage. noun. an amount of something, often expressed as a number out of 100.

interest rate. noun. the interest percent that a bank or other financial company charges you when you
borrow money, or the interest percent it pays you when you keep money in an account.

inflation. noun. a general, continuous increase in prices.

loss. noun. the fact that you no longer have something or have less of something.

profit. noun. money that is earned in trade or business after paying the costs of producing and selling
goods and services.

decrease. verb. to become less, or to make something become less.

sharply. adverb. quickly and suddenly.

gradually. adverb. slowly over a period of time or a distance.

slightly. adverb. a little.

increase. verb. to (make something) become larger in amount or size.

go up. to move higher, rise, or increase.

rise. verb. to move upwards.

trend. noun. a general development or change in a situation or in the way that people are behaving.
Unit 41

gym. noun. a place or club where you can go to exercise using machines, weights, and other equipment.

yoga. noun. a set of physical and mental exercises, originally from India, intended to give control over
the body and mind.

jogging. noun. the activity of running at a slow, regular speed, especially as a form of exercise.

rock climbing. noun. the sport of climbing on rocks or in mountains, or on specially designed walls inside
or outdoors.

camping. noun. the activity of staying in a tent on holiday.

play. verb. When you play, especially as a child, you spend time doing an enjoyable and/or entertaining
activity.

sail. verb. When a boat or a ship sails, it travels on the water.

sailor. noun. a person who works on a ship, especially one who is not an officer.

sailing. noun. the sport or activity of using boats with sails.

ice rink. noun. a level area of ice, often inside a building, that is kept frozen for people to skate on.

ice hockey. noun. a game played on ice between two teams of players who each have a curved stick with
which they try to put a puck (= a small, hard disc) into the other team's goal.

ski. noun. one of a pair of long, flat narrow pieces of wood or plastic that curve up at the front and are
fastened to boots so that the wearer can move quickly and easily over snow.

skier. noun. a person who skis.

boxing ring. noun. a limited area where boxing takes place.

boxer. noun. someone who takes part in the sport of boxing.

boxing. noun. a sport in which two competitors fight by hitting each other with their hands.

race. noun. a competition in which all the competitors try to be the fastest and to finish first.

racing driver. noun. a driver of a racing car.

motor racing. noun. the sport of racing extremely fast and powerful cars around a track.

track. noun. a type of path or road, often in the shape of a ring, that has been specially designed and
built for sports events, especially racing.

athlete. noun. a person who is very good at sports or physical exercise, especially one who competes in
organized events.

athletics. noun. the general name for a particular group of sports in which people compete, including
running, jumping, and throwing.

Unit 42
outstanding. adjective. clearly very much better than what is usual.

incredible. adjective. impossible, or very difficult, to believe.

superb. adjective. of excellent quality; very great.

captain. noun. the leader of a sports team.

final. noun. the last in a series of games, races, or competitions, usually the one in which the winner is
chosen.

cup. noun. a specially designed cup, usually with two handles and often made of silver, given as a prize
in a sports competition or in a game or match in which the winner receives such a cup.

league. noun. a group of teams playing a sport who take part in competitions between each other.

tournament. noun. a competition for teams or single players in which a series of games is played, and
the winners of each game play against each other until only one winner is left.

team. noun. a number of people or animals who do something together as a group.

competition. noun. a situation in which someone is trying to win something or be more successful than
someone else.

individual. noun. a single person or thing, especially when compared to the group or set to which they
belong.

result. noun. the score or number of votes, showing the success or failure of the people involved, in a
sports competition, election, etc..

draw. verb. to finish a game with the same number of points as the other person or team.

defeat. verb. to win against someone in a fight, war, or competition.

beat. verb. to defeat or do better than.

lost. past simple and past participle of lose.

won. verb. past simple and past participle of win.

score. verb. to win or get a point, goal, etc. in a competition, sport, game, or test.

Unit 43

director. noun. a person who is in charge of a film or play and tells the actors how to play their parts.

fancy. verb. to want to have or do something.

entertainment. noun. shows, films, television, or other performances or activities that entertain people,
or a performance of this type.

complicated. adjective. involving a lot of different parts, in a way that is difficult to understand.

actor. noun. someone who pretends to be someone else while performing in a film, play, or television or
radio programme.
star. noun. a very famous, successful, and important person, especially a performer such as a musician,
actor, or sports player.

review. verb. If critics review a book, play, film, etc. they write their opinion of it.

horror film. noun. a film in which very frightening or unnatural things happen, for example dead people
coming to life and people being murdered.

century. noun. a period of 100 years.

poem. noun. a piece of writing in which the words are arranged in separate lines, often ending in rhyme,
and are chosen for their sound and for the images and ideas they suggest.

poetry. noun. poems in general as a form of literature.

biography. noun. the life story of a person written by someone else.

author. noun. the writer of a book, article, play, etc..

science fiction. noun. books, films, or cartoons about an imagined future, especially about space travel
or other planets.

thriller. noun. a book, play, or film that has an exciting story, often about solving a crime.

novel. noun. a long printed story about imaginary characters and events.

fiction. noun. the type of book or story that is written about imaginary characters and events and not
based on real people and facts.

literature. noun. written artistic works, especially those with a high and lasting artistic value.

Unit 44

advert. noun. an advertisement.

ballet. noun. a type of dancing where carefully organized movements tell a story or express an idea, or a
theatre work that uses this type of dancing.

conductor. noun. someone who directs the performance of musicians or a piece of music.

songwriter. noun. a person who writes the music and words of songs.

composer. noun. a person who writes music.

trumpet. noun. a brass musical instrument consisting of a metal tube with one narrow end, into which
the player blows, and one wide end. Three buttons are pressed in order to change notes..

flute. noun. a tube-shaped musical instrument with a hole that you blow across at one end while holding
the tube out horizontally to one side.

bass. noun. an electric guitar with four strings that plays very low notes.

saxophone. noun. a musical instrument, usually made of metal, that is played by blowing into it to make
a reed vibrate. They are made in different sizes..
violin. noun. a wooden musical instrument with four strings that is held against the neck and played by
moving a bow across the strings.

cello. noun. a wooden musical instrument with four strings, that is held vertically between the legs and
is played by moving a bow across the strings.

keyboard. noun. the set of keys on a computer or typewriter that you press in order to make it work .

guitar. noun. a musical instrument, usually made of wood, with six strings and a long neck, played with
the fingers or a plectrum.

piano. noun. a large musical instrument with a row of black and white keys that are pressed to play
notes.

audience. noun. the group of people together in one place to watch or listen to a play, film, someone
speaking, etc..

live. adjective. (of a performance) broadcast, recorded, or seen while it is happening.

perform. verb. to do an action or piece of work.

classical music. noun. music that is considered to be part of a long, formal tradition and to have lasting
value.

popular music. noun. formal for pop.

folk music. noun. the traditional music of a particular region or group of people.

taste. noun. a person's approval of and liking for particular things.

Unit 45

customary. adjective. usual.

custom. noun. a way of behaving or a belief that has been established for a long time.

dress up. to put on formal clothes for a special occasion.

consist of something. to be something that is made or formed of various specific things.

annual. adjective. happening once every year.

festival. noun. an organized set of special events, such as musical performances.

spectacular. adjective. very exciting to look at.

parade. noun. a large number of people walking or in vehicles, all going in the same direction, usually as
part of a public celebration of something.

involved. adjective. part of an activity or event.

harbour. noun. an area of water next to the coast, often protected from the sea by a thick wall, where
ships and boats can shelter.
celebrate. verb. to take part in special enjoyable activities in order to show that a particular occasion is
important.

gather. verb. When people or animals gather, they come together in a group.

held. verb. past simple and past participle of hold.

fireworks. plural noun. small containers filled with explosive chemicals that make a loud noise when
they explode and sometimes produce bright, colored patterns.

Unit 46

review. verb. to write a short article expressing your opinion about something such as a new product or
service.

package holiday. noun. a holiday organized by a travel company for which you pay a fixed price that
includes the cost of the hotel and travel, and sometimes food.

B and B. noun. abbreviation for bed and breakfast.

destination. noun. the place where someone is going or where something is being sent or taken.

accommodation. noun. a place to live, work, stay, etc. in.

cruise. noun. a journey on a large ship for pleasure, during which you visit several places.

beach. noun. an area of sand or small stones near the sea or another area of water such as a lake.

family. noun. a group of people who are related to each other, such as a mother, a father, and their
children.

skiing. noun. the activity or sport of moving on skis.

Unit 47

landing. noun. the fact of an aircraft arriving on the ground or a boat reaching land.

delay. verb. to make something happen at a later time than originally planned or expected.

take off. If an aircraft, bird, or insect takes off, it leaves the ground and begins to fly.

runway. noun. a long, level piece of ground with a specially prepared smooth, hard surface on which
aircraft take off and land.

gate. noun. a part of an airport where travellers are allowed to get on or off a particular aircraft.

duty-free. adjective. Duty-free goods are goods bought in special shops in airports, on ships, etc. on
which you do not pay government tax.

passport control. noun. the place at a port, airport, or border where travellers' passports (= official
documents proving who someone is and allowing them to travel) are checked.

boarding card. noun. a card that you must show before you are allowed to get on a plane or ship.

aircraft. noun. any vehicle, with or without an engine, that can fly, such as a plane or helicopter.
check in. to show your ticket at an airport so that you can be told where you will be sitting and so that
your bags can be put on the aircraft.

departure lounge. noun. the area in an airport where passengers wait before getting onto an aircraft.

suitcase. noun. a large, rectangular container with a handle, for carrying clothes and possessions while
travelling.

luggage. noun. the bags, suitcases, etc. that contain your possessions and that you take with you when
you are travelling.

hand luggage. noun. the small cases or bags that a passenger can carry onto an aircraft or bus.

passenger. noun. a person who is travelling in a vehicle but is not driving it, flying it, or working on it.

Unit 48

sparkling. adjective. A sparkling drink is one that contains many small bubbles of gas.

still. adjective. A still drink is one that is not fizzy (= with bubbles).

well done. adjective. (of meat) cooked so that it is firm and has a grey-brown colour all the way through.

medium. adjective. (of meat) cooked so that it is no longer red in the middle.

rare. adjective. (of meat) not cooked for very long and still red.

check out. to leave a hotel after paying and returning your room key.

check in. to report your arrival, esp. at an airport or hotel, so that you can get the service you are paying
for.

in advance. before a particular time, or before doing a particular thing.

satellite television. noun. television services that are broadcast to customers using satellites.

minibar. noun. a small fridge in a hotel bedroom, with drinks inside.

double room. noun. a room in a hotel for two people.

single room. noun. a room in a hotel for one person.

air conditioning. noun. the system used for keeping the air in a building or vehicle cool.

internet access. noun. the ability to connect to the internet.

facilities. the buildings, equipment, and services provided for a particular purpose.

room service. noun. in a hotel, the serving of food and drink to customers in their rooms, or the people
who do this work.

heart. noun. the central or most important part.

available. adjective. able to be bought or used.

Unit 49

croissant. noun. a piece of light crescent-shaped pastry, usually eaten in the morning.

cupcake. noun. a small cake with icing on top.

muffin. noun. a small sweet cake that often has fruit inside it.

baguette. noun. a long, thin stick of white bread, of a type that originally came from France.

crisp. noun. a very thin, often round piece of fried potato, sometimes with a flavour added, sold
especially in plastic bags.

wrap. noun. a sandwich made with one piece of very thin bread that is folded around a filling.

bagel. noun. a type of bread that is small, hard, and in the shape of a ring.

panini. noun. a small, flat loaf of Italian bread that is often cut, filled with cheese, meat, or vegetables,
and eaten warm.

toasty. noun. a sandwich that has been toasted.

waffle. verb. to talk or write a lot without giving any useful information or any clear answers.

smoothie. noun. a thick, cold drink made from fruit and often yogurt or ice cream, mixed together until
smooth.

decaf. adjective. having had some or all of the caffeine (= a chemical substance that makes you feel
more awake) removed; short for decaffeinated.

tisane. noun. a drink made by pouring boiling water onto particular types of dried or fresh flowers or
leaves.

milkshake. noun. a drink made of milk and usually ice cream and a flavour such as fruit or chocolate,
mixed together until it is smooth .

hot chocolate. noun. a hot drink made from milk and/or water, powdered chocolate, and sugar.

latte. noun. a hot drink made from espresso (= strong coffee) and warm milk.

cappuccino. noun. a coffee made with heated milk with a thick mass of bubbles.

Unit 50

be worth sth. to be important or interesting enough to receive a particular action.

monument. noun. a structure or building that is built to honour a special person or event.

packed. adjective. full of people or things.

magnificent. adjective. very good, beautiful, or deserving to be admired.

guidebook. noun. a book that gives information for visitors about a place, such as a city or country.

place. noun. an area, town, building, etc..

souvenir. noun. something you buy or keep to help you remember a holiday or special event.

go out. to leave a room or building, especially in order to do something for entertainment.

explore. verb. to search and discover (about something).

look around (somewhere/sth). to visit a place and look at the things in it.

the sights. places of interest, especially to visitors.

sightseeing. noun. the activity of visiting interesting places, especially by people on holiday.

statue. noun. an object made from a hard material, especially stone or metal, to look like a person or
animal.

temple. noun. a building used for the worship of a god or gods in some religions.

cathedral. noun. a very large, usually stone, building for Christian worship. It is the largest and most
important church of a diocese.

mosque. noun. a building for Islamic religious activities and worship.

fountain. noun. a stream of water that is forced up into the air through a small hole, especially for
decorative effect, or the structure in a lake or pool from which this flows.

castle. noun. a large strong building, built in the past by a ruler or important person to protect the
people inside from attack.

market. noun. the people who might want to buy something, or a part of the world where something is
sold.

palace. noun. a large house that is the official home of a king, queen, or other person of high social rank.

Unit 51

swim. verb. to move through water by moving the body or parts of the body.

sun cream. noun. a substance that you put on your skin to protect it from being burned by the sun.

sunblock. noun. a strong type of sunscreen (= a substance that you put on your skin to prevent it from
being damaged by the sun), that prevents any of the sun's rays from reaching the skin.

sunscreen. noun. a substance that you put on your skin to prevent it from being damaged by the sun.

recommend. verb. to advise someone to do something.

shade. noun. slight darkness caused by something blocking the direct light from the sun.

sunburn. noun. a condition in which your skin is sore and red because you have spent too long in the
strong heat of the sun.

sunbathing. noun. the activity of sitting or lying in the sun to make your skin darker.

volleyball. noun. a game in which two teams use their hands to hit a large ball backwards and forwards
over a high net without allowing the ball to touch the ground.
diving. noun. the sport of jumping into water, especially with your head and arms going in first, or of
swimming underwater.

windsurfing. noun. a sport in which you sail across water by standing on a board and holding onto a
large sail.

surfing. noun. the sport of riding on a wave on a special board.

breeze. noun. a light and pleasant wind.

sunshine. noun. the light and heat that come from the sun.

shore. noun. the land along the edge of a sea, lake, or wide river.

stroll. verb. to walk in a slow relaxed way, especially for pleasure.

sandy. adjective. covered with sand or containing sand.

beach. noun. an area of sand or small stones near the sea or another area of water such as a lake.

wave. noun. a raised line of water that moves across the surface of an area of water, especially the sea.

rock. noun. the dry solid part of the earth's surface, or any large piece of this that sticks up out of the
ground or the sea.

cliff. noun. a high area of rock with a very steep side, often on a coast.

beach resort. noun. a place where people can go for holidays that has a beach and beach activities.

coast. noun. the land next to or close to the sea.

spend. verb. to use time doing something or being somewhere.

Unit 52

station. noun. a company that broadcasts radio or television programmes.

channel. noun. a television station.

podcast. noun. a radio programme that is stored in a digital form that you can download from the
internet and play on a computer or on an MP3 player.

forum. noun. a situation or meeting in which people can talk about a problem or matter especially of
public interest.

well known. adjective. known or recognized by many people.

reality TV. noun. television programmes about ordinary people who are filmed in real situations, rather
than actors.

soap opera. noun. a series of television or radio programmes about the lives and problems of a
particular group of characters. The series continues over a long period and is broadcast (several times)
every week..
chat show. noun. an informal television or radio programme on which famous people are asked
questions about themselves and their work.

documentary. noun. a film or television or radio programme that gives facts and information about a
subject.

weather forecast. noun. a statement of what the weather is likely to be for the next day or few days,
usually broadcast on television or radio or printed in a newspaper.

news. noun. information or reports about recent events.

broadcast. verb. to send out a programme on television or radio.

advert. noun. an advertisement.

advertisement. noun. a picture, short film, song, etc. that tries to persuade people to buy a product or
service, or a piece of text that tells people about a job, etc..

review. verb. If critics review a book, play, film, etc. they write their opinion of it.

article. noun. a piece of writing on a particular subject in a newspaper or magazine, or on the internet.

journalist. noun. a person who writes news stories or articles for a newspaper or magazine or broadcasts
them on radio or television.

reporter. noun. a person whose job is to discover information about news events and describe them for
a newspaper or magazine or for radio or television.

report. noun. a description of an event or situation.

monthly. adjective, adverb. happening or produced once a month.

weekly. adjective, adverb. happening once a week or every week.

e-paper. noun. technology that makes it possible to read text easily on an electronic device.

regional. adjective. relating to or coming from a particular part of a country.

publish. verb. to make information available to people, especially in a book, magazine, or newspaper, or
to produce and sell a book, magazine, or newspaper.

come out. If a book, record, film, etc. comes out, it becomes available for people to buy or see.

daily. adverb, adjective. happening on or relating to every day.

paper. noun. a newspaper.

Unit 53

opinion. noun. a thought or belief about something or someone.

abbreviation. noun. a short form of a word or phrase.

texting. noun. the activity of sending someone a text message by phone.

mobile number. noun. the number for your mobile phone.

home (phone) number. noun. the phone number at the house or apartment where you live.

answerphone. noun. a device connected to a phone that answers calls automatically and records
messages from the person calling.

message. noun. a short piece of information that you give to a person when you cannot speak to them
directly.

engaged. adjective. If a phone or public toilet is engaged, someone is already using it.

phone. noun. a device that uses either a system of wires along which electrical signals are sent or a
system of radio signals to make it possible for you to speak to someone in another place who has a
similar device.

ring. noun. the act of making a phone call to someone.

put sb through. to connect a person using a phone to the person they want to speak to.

speak. verb. to say words, to use the voice, or to have a conversation with someone.

that. determiner. used to refer to a person, object, idea, etc. that is separated from the speaker by space
or time.

Unit 54

anti-virus. adjective. protecting against computer viruses.

software. noun. the instructions that control what a computer does; computer programs.

laptop. noun. a computer that is small enough to be carried around easily and is flat when closed.

PC. noun. abbreviation for personal computer.

hard copy. noun. information from a computer that has been printed on paper.

printout. noun. text produced by a computer printer.

cut and paste. to move words or pictures from one place to another in a computer document.

print. verb. to produce writing or images on paper or other material with a machine.

save. verb. to put information into a computer's memory or onto a computer disk.

document. noun. a text that is written and stored on a computer.

CD-ROM. noun. abbreviation for compact disc read-only memory: a compact disc that holds large
amounts of information that can be read by a computer but cannot be changed.

Memory Stick. noun. a brand name for a small piece of equipment that you connect to a computer or
other piece of electronic equipment to copy and store information.

mouse. noun. a small device that you move across a surface in order to move a cursor on your computer
screen.
mouse mat. noun. the special flat piece of material on which you move the mouse of a computer.

keyboard. noun. the set of keys on a computer or typewriter that you press in order to make it work .

space bar. noun. on a keyboard, the long bar below the letter keys that you press in order to make a
space between words.

escape key. noun. See escape specialized,.

microphone. noun. a piece of equipment that you speak into to make your voice louder, or to record
your voice or other sounds.

printer. noun. a machine that is connected to a computer and prints onto paper using ink.

screen. noun. a flat surface in a cinema, on a television, or as part of a computer, on which pictures or
words are shown.

webcam. noun. a camera that records moving pictures and sound and allows these to be broadcast on
the internet as they happen.

Unit 55

upload. verb. to copy or move programs or information to a larger computer system or to the internet.

social network. noun. a website or computer program that allows people to communicate and share
information on the internet using a computer or mobile phone.

instant-message. verb. to communicate with someone over the internet using a service available on the
internet that allows you to exchange written messages with someone else who is using the service at
the same time.

post. noun. something such as a message or picture that you publish on a website or using social media.

blog. noun. a regular record of your thoughts, opinions, or experiences that you put on the internet for
other people to read.

checkout. noun. the place on a website where you order and pay for goods.

surfing. noun. the activity of spending time visiting different websites on the internet.

blogger. noun. someone who writes a blog (= a regular record of someone's ideas, opinions, or
experiences that is put on the internet for other people to read).

download. verb. to copy or move programs or information into a computer's memory, especially from
the internet or a larger computer.

video clip. noun. a short video.

access. verb. to be able to get to or get inside a place.

website. noun. a set of pages of information on the internet about a particular subject, published by a
single person or organization.

browser. noun. a computer program that makes it possible for you to read information on the internet.
internet. noun. the large system of connected computers around the world that allows people to share
information and communicate with each other.

ISP. noun. abbreviation for Internet Service Provider: a company that provides use of the internet,
allows you to use email, and gives you space on the internet to show documents.

dot. noun. Dot (symbol .) is also used in an Internet address to separate its parts.

attachment. noun. an extra piece of equipment that can be added to a machine.

spam. noun. unwanted email, usually advertisements.

junk mail. noun. letters or emails, usually advertising products or services, that are sent to people
although they have not asked to receive them.

regularly. adverb. often.

delete. verb. to remove or draw a line through something, especially a written word or words.

reply. verb. to answer.

immediately. adverb. now or without waiting or thinking.

essential. adjective. necessary or needed.

email. noun. the system for using computers to send messages over the internet.

Unit 56

innocent. adjective. (of a person) not guilty of a particular crime.

guilty. adjective. responsible for breaking a law.

fine. noun. an amount of money that has to be paid as a punishment for not obeying a rule or law.

court. noun. a place where trials and other legal cases happen, or the people present in such a place,
especially the officials and those deciding if someone is guilty.

jury. noun. a group of people who have been chosen to listen to all the facts in a trial in a law court and
to decide if a person is guilty or not guilty, or if a claim has been proved.

judge. noun. a person who is in charge of a trial in a court and decides how a person who is guilty of a
crime should be punished, or who makes decisions on legal matters.

offence. noun. an illegal act; a crime.

punish. verb. to cause someone who has done something wrong or committed a crime to suffer, by
hurting them, forcing them to pay money, sending them to prison, etc..

catch. verb. to find and stop a person or animal that is trying to escape.

arrest. verb. If the police arrest someone, they take them away to ask them about a crime that they
might have committed.

burgle. verb. to enter a building illegally and steal things.

stolen. verb. past participle of steal.

murderer. noun. someone who illegally and intentionally kills another person.

murder. noun. the crime of intentionally killing a person.

burglar. noun. a person who illegally enters buildings and steals things.

burglary. noun. the crime of illegally entering a building and stealing things.

rob. verb. to take money or property illegally from a place, organization, or person, often using violence.

robber. noun. someone who steals.

steal. verb. to take something without the permission or knowledge of the owner and keep it.

thief. noun. a person who steals.

robbery. noun. the crime of stealing from somewhere or someone.

theft. noun. (the act of) dishonestly taking something that belongs to someone else and keeping it.

criminal. noun. someone who commits a crime.

crime. noun. illegal activities.

Unit 57

reduction. noun. the act of making something, or of something becoming, smaller in size, amount,
degree, importance, etc..

equally. adverb. fairly and in the same way.

equality. noun. the right of different groups of people to have a similar social position and receive the
same treatment.

unfair. adjective. not treating people in an equal way, or not morally right.

provide. verb. to give someone something that they need.

policy. noun. a set of ideas or a plan of what to do in particular situations that has been agreed to
officially by a group of people, a business organization, a government, or a political party.

believe. verb. to think that something is true, correct, or real.

powerful. adjective. having a lot of power to control people and events.

political. adjective. relating to politics.

politician. noun. a member of a government or law-making organization.

prime minister. noun. the leader of the government in some countries.

leader. noun. a person in control of a group, country, or situation.

MP. noun. abbreviation for Member of Parliament.

constituency. noun. one of the official areas of a country that elects someone to represent it in a
parliament or legislature.

held. verb. past simple and past participle of hold.

election. noun. a time when people vote in order to choose someone for a political or official job.

government. noun. the group of people who officially control a country.

elect. verb. to decide on or choose, especially to choose a person for a particular job, by voting.

general election. noun. an election in which the people living in a country vote to choose the
government.

secret ballot. noun. a method of voting in which each person writes their choice on a piece of paper so
that no one else knows how they have voted.

vote. verb. to express your choice or opinion, especially by officially writing a mark on a paper or by
raising your hand or speaking in a meeting.

Unit 58

waste. noun. an unnecessary or wrong use of money, substances, time, energy, abilities, etc..

energy-efficient. adjective. using little electricity, gas, etc..

recycle. verb. to sort and collect rubbish in order to treat it and produce useful materials that can be
used again.

action. noun. something that you do.

reduce. verb. to become or to make something become smaller in size, amount, degree, importance,
etc..

suffering. noun. physical or mental pain that a person or animal is feeling.

flood. verb. to cause to fill or become covered with water, especially in a way that causes problems.

climate change. noun. changes in the world's weather, in particular the fact that it is believed to be
getting warmer as a result of human activity increasing the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

result. noun. something that happens or exists because of something else.

effect. noun. the result of a particular influence.

drought. noun. a long period when there is little or no rain.

record. noun. the best or fastest ever done.

global warming. noun. a gradual increase in world temperatures caused by gases such as carbon dioxide
that are collecting in the air around the earth and stopping heat escaping into space.

oil. noun. petroleum (= the black oil obtained from under the earth's surface from which petrol comes).
fossil fuel. noun. fuels, such as gas, coal, and oil, that were formed underground from plant and animal
remains millions of years ago.

support. verb. to provide the right conditions, such as enough food and water, for life.

the greenhouse effect. noun. an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the
atmosphere (= mixture of gases around the earth), that is believed to be the cause of a gradual warming
of the surface of the earth.

exist. verb. to be, or to be real.

greenhouse gas. noun. a gas that causes the greenhouse effect, especially carbon dioxide.

Unit 59

get away. to leave or escape from a person or place, often when it is difficult to do this.

die. verb. to stop being alive, either suddenly or slowly.

death. noun. the end of life.

missing. adjective. Someone who is missing has disappeared.

shot. verb. past simple and past participle of shoot.

escaped. adjective. having got free.

destroy. verb. to damage something so badly that it cannot be used.

kill. verb. to cause someone or something to die.

violence. noun. actions or words that are intended to hurt people.

violent. adjective. using force to hurt or attack.

battle. noun. a fight between armed forces.

war. noun. armed fighting between two or more countries or groups, or a particular example of this.

enemy. noun. a person who hates or opposes another person and tries to harm them or stop them from
doing something.

fight. verb. to use physical force to try to defeat another person or group of people.

protect. verb. to keep someone or something safe from injury, damage, or loss.

attack. verb. to try to hurt or defeat using violence.

defend. verb. to protect someone or something against attack or criticism; to speak in favour of
someone or something.

the army. a particular country's fighting force.

carry. verb. to hold something or someone with your hands, arms, or on your back and transport it, him,
or her from one place to another.
soldier. noun. a person who is in an army and wears its uniform, especially someone who fights when
there is a war.

Unit 60

last. verb. to continue for a period of time, or to continue to exist.

take. verb. If something takes a particular time, that period is needed in order to complete it.

decade. noun. a period of ten years, especially a period such as 2010 to 2019.

fortnight. noun. a period of two weeks.

the other day. recently.

recently. adverb. not long ago, or at a time that started not long ago.

ages. plural noun. a very long time.

time. noun. the part of existence that is measured in minutes, days, years, etc., or this process
considered as a whole.

during. preposition. from the beginning to the end of a particular period.

since. adverb. from a particular time in the past until a later time, or until now.

for. preposition. used to show an amount of time or distance.

better luck next time. said to tell someone that you hope they will succeed when they try again.

until. preposition, conjunction. up to (the time that).

(it’s) high time. infml (it is) past the time when something should have happened.

on time. at the agreed or expected time.

in time. early enough.

Unit 61

double. adjective. twice the size, amount, price, etc., or consisting of two similar things together.

calculator. noun. a small electronic device that is used for doing calculations.

add up. to calculate the total of two or more prices, numbers, etc..

division. noun. the calculation of how many times one number goes into another.

multiplication. noun. the process of adding a number to itself a particular number of times, or a
calculation in which this is done.

subtraction. noun. the process of removing one number from another.

addition. noun. the process of adding numbers or amounts together.

minority. noun. a smaller number or part.

majority. noun. the larger number or part of something.

percent. adverb. for or out of every 100, shown by the symbol %.

three quarters. determiner. three fourths of something.

half. noun, pronoun, predeterminer, adjective, adverb. either of the two equal or nearly equal parts that
together make up a whole.

quarter. noun. one of four equal or almost equal parts of something; ¼.

billion. noun. the number 1,000,000,000.

million. number. the number 1,000,000.

thousand. number. the number 1,000.

hundred. number. the number 100.

Unit 62

wide. adjective. having a larger distance from one side to the other than is usual or expected, especially
in comparison with the length of something; not narrow.

narrow. adjective. having a small distance from one side to the other, especially in comparison with the
length.

giant. adjective. extremely large.

tiny. adjective. extremely small.

thin. adjective. having a small distance between two opposite sides.

huge. adjective. extremely large in size or amount.

thick. adjective. having a large distance between two sides.

deep. adjective. If something is deep, it has a large distance between its edges, especially between its
front and back edges.

high. adverb. at or to a large distance from the ground.

wide. adjective. used when describing how long the distance between the two sides of something is or
when asking for this information.

long. adjective. being a distance between two points that is more than average or usual.

length. noun. the measurement of something from end to end or along its longest side.

(just) around the corner. not far away, or going to happen soon.

near. adverb, preposition. not far away in distance.

away. adverb. at a distance (of or from here).

inch. noun. a unit used for measuring length, approximately equal to 2.54 centimetres, sometimes
shown by the symbol ″.

yard. noun. a unit of measurement equal to three feet or approximately 91.4 centimetres.

mile. noun. a unit of distance equal to 1,760 yards or 1.6 kilometres.

foot. noun. a unit of measurement, equal to twelve inches or 0.3048 metres, sometimes shown by the
symbol ′.

Unit 63

plastic. noun. an artificial substance that can be shaped when soft into many different forms and has
many different uses.

bucket. noun. a container with an open top and a handle, often used for carrying liquids.

tissue. noun. soft paper that is used for cleaning, especially your nose, and is thrown away after use, or a
small rectangular piece of this.

ladder. noun. a piece of equipment used for climbing up and down, that consists of two vertical bars or
pieces of rope joined to each other by a set of horizontal steps.

leather. noun. animal skin treated in order to preserve it, and used to make shoes, bags, clothes,
equipment, etc..

silk. noun. a delicate, soft type of cloth made from a thread produced by silkworms, or the thread itself.

stripe. noun. a strip on the surface of something that is a different colour from the surrounding surface.

cotton. noun. the threads that grow around the seeds of a tall plant grown especially in the US, China,
and South Asia.

national. adjective. relating to or typical of a whole country and its people, rather than to part of that
country or to other countries.

flag. noun. a piece of cloth, usually rectangular and attached to a pole at one edge, that has a pattern
that shows it represents a country or a group, or has a particular meaning.

rubber. noun. an elastic substance (= that stretches) made either from the juice of particular tropical
trees or artificially.

bone. noun. any of the hard parts inside a human or animal that make up its frame.

real. adjective. existing in fact and not imaginary.

antique. noun. something made in an earlier period that is collected and considered to have value
because it is beautiful, rare, old, or of high quality.

fur. noun. the thick hair that covers the bodies of some animals, or the hair-covered skin(s) of animals,
removed from their bodies.
bell. noun. a hollow metal object shaped like a cup that makes a ringing sound when hit by something
hard, especially a clapper.

Unit 64

quantity. noun. the amount or number of something, especially that can be measured.

plenty. pronoun, noun, adverb. (the state of having) enough or more than enough, or a large amount.

spoonful. noun. an amount held in a particular spoon.

half-dozen. noun. a set of six things or a group of six people.

several. determiner, pronoun. some; an amount that is not exact but is fewer than many.

couple. noun. two or a few things that are similar or the same, or two or a few people who are in some
way connected.

pair. noun. two things of the same appearance and size that are intended to be used together, or
something that consists of two parts joined together.

bunch. noun. a number of things of the same type fastened together or in a close group.

slice. noun. a flat, often thin, piece of food that has been cut from a larger piece.

drop. noun. a small round-shaped amount of liquid.

bar. noun. A bar is also any of various small objects having a rectangular shape.

vase. noun. a container used for holding cut flowers or for decoration.

tube. noun. a long, thin container made of soft metal or plastic that is closed at one end and has a small
hole at the other, usually with a cover, used for storing thick liquids.

carton. noun. a box made from thick cardboard, for storing goods, or a container made from cardboard
or plastic, in which milk or fruit juice, etc. is sold.

can. noun. a closed metal container, especially cylinder-shaped, in which some types of drink and food
are sold.

packet. noun. a small paper or cardboard container in which a number of small objects are sold.

box. noun. a square or rectangular container with stiff sides and sometimes a lid.

jug. noun. a container for holding liquids that has a handle and a shaped opening at the top for pouring.

bowl. noun. a round container that is open at the top and is deep enough to hold fruit, sugar, etc..

jar. noun. a glass or clay container with a wide opening at the top and sometimes a fitted lid, usually
used for storing food.

bottle. noun. a container for liquids, usually made of glass or plastic, with a narrow neck.

bag. noun. a soft container made out of paper or thin plastic, and open at the top, used to hold foods
and other goods.
Unit 65

hold-up. noun. a delay.

delay. verb. to cause someone or something to be slow or late.

excuse. noun. a reason that you give to explain why you did something wrong.

interrupt. verb. to stop a person from speaking for a short period by something you say or do.

excuse me. I am sorry to interrupt you.

sorry. exclamation. used when apologizing for something.

it's all right. an answer to someone who has just thanked you for something or just said sorry for
something they have done.

pardon. verb. to forgive someone for something they have said or done. This word is often used in polite
expressions.

never mind. used to tell someone not to worry about something because it is not important.

terribly. adverb. very.

Unit 66

fancy. verb. to want to have or do something.

how about...?. used to make a suggestion.

do you mind?. said to someone when you feel annoyed with that person for what they have just done or
said.

go ahead. said to someone in order to give them permission to start to do something.

help yourself. to take something for yourself.

possibly. adverb. used when something is not certain.

I'm afraid.... used to politely introduce bad news or disagreement.

wonder. verb. used in phrases, at the beginning of a request, to make it more formal and polite.

of course. used to say yes or to give someone permission to do something.

no problem. said to show that you will or can do what someone has asked you to.

sure. adjective. certain; without any doubt.

could. verb. past simple of "can", used to talk about what someone or something was able or allowed to
do.

Unit 67

absolutely. adverb. used as a strong way of saying "yes".

strongly. adverb. very much or in a very serious way.

point. noun. an idea, opinion, or piece of information that is said or written.

to the extent of. so strongly that.

(do you) see what I mean?. used to ask if someone understands what you are trying to explain.

disagree. verb. to not have the same opinion, idea, etc..

agree. verb. to have the same opinion.

take sth personally. to think that someone is offending you when they are not.

view. noun. an opinion, belief, or idea, or a way of thinking about something.

opinion. noun. a thought or belief about something or someone.

personally. adverb. used when you give your opinion.

feel. verb. to experience something physical or emotional.

think. verb. to believe something or have an opinion or idea.

Unit 68

rather than. instead of; used especially when you prefer one thing to another.

prefer. verb. to like, choose, or want one thing rather than another.

get used to sth/sb. to become familiar with something or someone.

common. adjective. the same in a lot of places or for a lot of people.

interest. noun. the feeling of wanting to give your attention to something or of wanting to be involved
with and to discover more about something.

at all. adverb. (used to make negatives and questions stronger) in any way or of any type.

interested. adjective. wanting to give your attention to something and discover more about it.

used to. modal verb. done or experienced in the past, but no longer done or experienced.

attitude. noun. a feeling or opinion about something or someone, or a way of behaving that is caused by
this.

can't stand the sight of sb/sth. to hate someone or something.

keen. adjective. very interested, eager, or wanting (to do) something very much.

quite. adverb, predeterminer. a little or a lot but not completely.

into. preposition. enthusiastic about or interested in.

really. adverb. very or very much.

love. verb. to like something very much.

Unit 69

cheers!. exclamation. a friendly expression said just before you drink an alcoholic drink.

congratulations. exclamation, plural noun. an expression communicating to someone how pleased you
are about his or her success or happiness.

bless you!. something you say to a person who has just sneezed.

thank God. something you say when you are happy because something bad did not happen.

excuse me. I am sorry to interrupt you.

take care of sb/sth. to protect someone or something and provide the things that that person or thing
needs.

cheers!. exclamation. used to mean "thank you".

how are you?. used to ask someone if they are well and happy.

how are things?. used as greetings.

greet. verb. to welcome someone with particular words or a particular action, or to react to something
in the stated way.

shake hands. If two people shake hands, they greet each other or say goodbye by briefly joining hands
and moving them slightly up and down.

situation. noun. the set of things that are happening and the conditions that exist at a particular time
and place.

introduce. verb. to tell someone another person's name the first time that they meet.

Unit 70

rewrite. verb. to write something such as a book or speech again, in order to improve it or change it.

mishear. verb. to fail to hear someone's words correctly or in the way that was intended and to think
that something different was said.

misunderstand. verb. to think you have understood someone or something when you have not.

overcharge. verb. to charge someone either more than the real price or more than the value of the
product or service.

unpack. verb. to remove things from a suitcase, bag, or box.

unlock. verb. to open something, especially a door that is locked (= fastened with a lock) using a key or
an electronic device.

appear. verb. to start to be seen or to be present.

disagree. verb. to not have the same opinion, idea, etc..

unfair. adjective. not treating people in an equal way, or not morally right.

unlikely. adjective. not probable or likely to happen.

unlucky. adjective. not lucky.

be unable to do sth. to not be able to do something.

unbelievable. adjective. extremely surprising.

unexpected. adjective. not expected.

unnecessary. adjective. not needed or wanted, or more than is needed or wanted.

uncomfortable. adjective. not feeling comfortable and pleasant, or not making you feel comfortable and
pleasant.

illegal. adjective. not allowed by law.

legal. adjective. allowed by the law.

correct. adjective. in agreement with the true facts or with what is generally accepted.

honest. adjective. telling the truth or able to be trusted and not likely to steal, cheat, or lie.

irregular. adjective. (of behaviour or actions) not according to usual rules or what is expected.

impossible. adjective. If an action or event is impossible, it cannot happen or be achieved.

unhappy. adjective. sad or not satisfied.

Unit 71

die. verb. to stop being alive, either suddenly or slowly.

be born. to come out of a mother's body, and start to exist.

be able to do sth. to have the necessary physical strength, mental power, skill, time, money, or
opportunity to do something.

similar. adjective. looking or being almost, but not exactly, the same.

popular. adjective. liked, enjoyed, or supported by many people.

stupid. adjective. silly or unwise; showing poor judgment or little intelligence.

fit. verb. to be the right size or shape for someone or something.

ill. adjective. not feeling well, or suffering from a disease.

weak. adjective. not physically strong.

develop. verb. to (cause something to) grow or change into a more advanced, larger, or stronger form.

manage. verb. to succeed in doing or dealing with something, especially something difficult.
govern. verb. to control and direct the public business of a country, city, group of people, etc..

improve. verb. to (cause something to) get better.

relax. verb. to (cause someone to) become less active and more calm and happy.

translate. verb. to change words into a different language.

discuss. verb. to talk about a subject with someone and tell each other your ideas or opinions.

invent. verb. to design and/or create something that has never been made before.

Unit 72

careful. adjective. giving a lot of attention to what you are doing so that you do not have an accident,
make a mistake, or damage something.

painful. adjective. causing emotional or physical pain.

useful. adjective. effective; helping you to do or achieve something.

peaceful. adjective. without violence.

helpful. adjective. willing to help, or useful.

colourful. adjective. having bright colours or a lot of different colours.

unbelievable. adjective. extremely surprising.

unforgettable. adjective. An unforgettable experience has such a strong effect or influence on you that
you cannot forget it..

sociable. adjective. Sociable people like to meet and spend time with other people.

reasonable. adjective. based on or using good judgment and therefore fair and practical.

fashionable. adjective. popular at a particular time.

reliable. adjective. Someone or something that is reliable can be trusted or believed because he, she, or
it works or behaves well in the way you expect.

suitable. adjective. acceptable or right for someone or something.

comfortable. adjective. Comfortable furniture and clothes provide a pleasant feeling and do not give you
any physical problems.

enjoyable. adjective. An enjoyable event or experience gives you pleasure.

Unit 73

bus stop. noun. a place, usually with a pole with a sign, where a bus stops to allow passengers to get on
and off.

credit card. noun. a small plastic card that can be used as a method of payment, the money being taken
from you at a later time.
T-shirt. noun. a simple piece of clothing, usually with short sleeves and no collar, that covers the top part
of the body.

wheelchair. noun. a chair on wheels that people who are unable to walk use for moving around.

haircut. noun. the style in which someone's hair is cut, or an occasion of cutting the hair.

full stop. noun. the symbol . used in writing at the end of a sentence or at the end of the short form of a
word.

filmmaker. noun. someone who is in charge of making a film.

travel agent. noun. a person or company that arranges tickets, hotel rooms, etc. for people going on
holiday or making a journey.

mother tongue. noun. the first language that you learn when you are a baby, rather than a language
learned at school or as an adult.

income tax. noun. a tax that you have to pay on your income, usually higher for people with larger
incomes.

babysitter. noun. someone who takes care of your baby or child while you are out, usually by coming to
your home, especially someone you pay to do this.

campsite. noun. a piece of land where people on holiday can camp, usually with toilets and places for
washing.

public transport. noun. a system of vehicles such as buses and trains that operate at regular times on
fixed routes and are used by the public.

ice hockey. noun. a game played on ice between two teams of players who each have a curved stick with
which they try to put a puck (= a small, hard disc) into the other team's goal.

Unit 74

be expecting (a baby). to be pregnant.

alarm. noun. a warning of danger, usually a loud noise or flashing light.

score. verb. to win or get a point, goal, etc. in a competition, sport, game, or test.

predict. verb. to say that an event or action will happen in the future, especially as a result of knowledge
or experience.

joke. noun. something, such as a funny story or trick, that is said or done in order to make people laugh.

depend. verb. to be decided by or to change according to the stated thing.

likely. adjective. If something is likely, it will probably happen or is expected.

serious. adjective. severe in effect; bad.

made. verb. past simple and past participle of make.

miss. verb. to fail to do or experience something, often something planned or expected, or to avoid
doing or experiencing something.

spend. verb. to use time doing something or being somewhere.

Unit 75

by the way. used to introduce a new subject to be considered or to give further information.

in general. usually, or in most situations.

once or twice. a few times.

up and down. sometimes happy and sometimes sad.

night after night. every night.

the week/month/year before last. during the week/month/year before the previous one.

apart from. except for.

tear. noun. a drop of salty liquid that flows from the eye, as a result of strong emotion, especially
unhappiness, or pain.

get rid of sth. to remove or throw away something unwanted.

make up your mind. to decide.

ring a bell. to sound familiar.

out of the blue. If something happens out of the blue, it is completely unexpected.

Unit 76

change your mind. to form an opinion or make a decision about something that is not the same as the
one you first had.

wait and see. to wait to discover what will happen.

in that case. because of the mentioned situation.

(and) that sort of thing. used to show that what you have just said is only an example from a much larger
group of things.

you know. a phrase with little meaning, used while you are trying to think of what to say next.

have a word in sb's ear. to give someone a piece of advice or information secretly.

you must be joking. said in answer to something that someone has said, meaning that you do not
believe they need said it seriously, or you think it is a stupid thing to say.

not believe your eyes. to be very surprised.

no way. used to tell someone that something is impossible.

what ... for?. why.

why not...?. used to make a suggestion or to express agreement.

depend. verb. to be decided by or to change according to the stated thing.

have no idea. to not know something.

Unit 77

short of something. not having enough of something.

mad. adjective. very angry or annoyed.

similar. adjective. looking or being almost, but not exactly, the same.

be fond of sb/sth. to like someone or something very much; to like doing something.

afraid. adjective. feeling fear, or feeling worry about the possible results of a particular situation.

depend on/upon sb/sth. to trust someone or something and know that that person or thing will help
you or do what you want or expect him, her, or it to do.

rely on/upon sb/sth. to trust someone or something or to expect him, her, or it to behave in a particular
way.

translate. verb. to change words into a different language.

spend. verb. to give money as a payment for something.

satisfied. adjective. pleased because you have got what you wanted, or because something has
happened in the way that you wanted.

agree with sb. If a situation or new conditions agree with you, they make you feel healthy and happy.

Unit 78

in the end. after considering everything.

in time. early enough.

in future. used at the beginning or end of a sentence in which there is a decision about a plan of action
or a warning.

in detail. including or considering all the information about something or every part of something.

be in a tearing hurry. to be going somewhere very quickly, usually because you are late.

fire. noun. (material that is in) the state of burning that produces flames that send out heat and light,
and might produce smoke.

display. verb. to arrange something or a collection of things so that it can be seen by the public.

strike. verb. to refuse to continue working because of an argument with an employer about working
conditions, pay levels, or job losses.
be on the phone. to be using the phone.

on purpose. If you do something on purpose, you do it intentionally, not by accident.

accident. noun. something bad that happens that is not expected or intended and that often damages
something or injures someone.

chance. verb. to happen or do something by chance.

by hand. by a person, not a machine.

by mistake. by accident.

Unit 79

pick sth up. to learn a new skill or language by practising it rather than being taught it.

take. verb. to do or perform.

carry on. to behave in an uncontrolled, excited, or anxious (= worried and nervous) way.

give up. to stop trying to guess.

sort-out. noun. an occasion when you put things in order or in their correct place.

give sth away. to give something to someone without asking for payment.

find (sth) out. to get information about something because you want to know more about it, or to learn
a fact or piece of information for the first time.

fall over. If someone falls over, they fall to the ground.

Unit 80

turn sb/sth down. to refuse an offer, a job, or a request.

make sth up. to invent something, such as an excuse or a story, often in order to deceive.

leave sb/sth out. to not include someone or something.

get over something. to accept an unpleasant fact or situation after dealing with it for a while.

hand sth out. to give something to each person in a group or place.

hang around (somewhere). to wait or spend time somewhere, usually for no particular reason.

break into something. to force your way into something.

look after sb/sth. to take care of or be in charge of someone or something.

set off. to start on a trip.

call for someone. to go to a place in order to meet someone and travel together to another place.

break down. If a machine or vehicle breaks down, it stops working.

hold on. used to tell someone to wait for a short time.

get in. to arrive at your home or the place where you work.

Unit 81

take. verb. to remove something, especially without permission.

do your level best. to try as hard as you can.

make up your mind. to decide.

noise. noun. a sound or sounds, especially when it is unwanted, unpleasant, or loud.

making. noun. the activity or process of producing something.

homework. noun. work that teachers give their students to do at home.

done. verb. past participle of do.

shower. noun. a device that releases drops of water through a lot of very small holes and that you stand
under to wash your whole body.

effort. noun. physical or mental activity needed to achieve something.

photo. noun. a photograph.

took. past simple of take.

mistake. noun. an action, decision, or judgment that produces an unwanted or unintentional result.

Unit 82

miss. verb. to feel sad that a person or thing is not present.

keep sth up. to make something continue at its present level and not allow it to fall.

be, get, keep, etc. in touch. to communicate or continue to communicate with someone by using a
phone or writing to them.

keep. verb. to have or continue to have in your possession.

give someone a hand. to give someone help.

speech. noun. a formal talk given usually to a large number of people on a special occasion.

appetite. noun. the feeling that you want to eat food.

advice. noun. an opinion that someone offers you about what you should do or how you should act in a
particular situation.

give. verb. to offer something to someone, or to provide someone with something.

Unit 83

get out. to leave a closed vehicle, building, etc..

get in. to succeed in entering a place, especially by using force or a trick.

get behind. to fail to do as much work or pay as much money as you should by a particular time.

get together. If two or more people get together, they meet each other, having arranged it before.

get/go to sleep. to succeed in sleeping.

get going/moving. to start to go or move.

got. past simple and past participle of get.

get. verb. to obtain, buy, or earn something.

Unit 84

go back. to return.

going on. adverb, preposition. nearly or almost (a particular number, age, time, or amount).

be going to do/be sth. to intend to do or be something in the future.

to go. If you ask for some food to go at a restaurant, you want it wrapped up so that you can take it
away with you instead of eating it in the restaurant.

go. verb. to travel or move to another place.

Unit 85

saw. verb. past simple of see.

watch. verb. to look at something for a period of time, especially something that is changing or moving.

like. verb. to enjoy or approve of something or someone.

feel. verb. to touch something in order to discover something about it.

sound. noun. something that you can hear or that can be heard.

look. verb. to direct your eyes in order to see.

touch. verb. to put your hand or another part of your body lightly onto and off something or someone.

smell. verb. to notice or discover something using the nose.

taste. noun. the flavour of something, or the ability of a person or animal to recognize different flavours.

hearing. adjective. able to hear.

sight. noun. the ability to see.

Unit 86

chance. noun. the level of possibility that something will happen.

experience. noun. (the process of getting) knowledge or skill from doing, seeing, or feeling things.
behaviour. noun. the way that someone behaves.

toast. noun. sliced bread made warm, crisp (= hard enough to break), and brown by being put near a
high heat.

room. noun. the amount of space that someone or something needs.

progress. verb. to move forward.

scenery. noun. the general appearance of the natural environment, especially when it is beautiful.

furniture. noun. things such as chairs, tables, beds, cupboards, etc. that are put into a house or other
building to make it suitable and comfortable for living or working in.

equipment. noun. the set of necessary tools, clothing, etc. for a particular purpose.

pocket money. noun. an amount of money that parents regularly give to their child to spend as they
choose.

advice. noun. an opinion that someone offers you about what you should do or how you should act in a
particular situation.

news. noun. information or reports about recent events.

rubbish. noun. waste material or things that are no longer wanted or needed.

Unit 87

demand. verb. to ask for something forcefully, in a way that shows that you do not expect to be refused.

promise. verb. to tell someone that you will certainly do something.

attempt. verb. to try to do something, especially something difficult.

offer. verb. to ask someone if they would like to have something or if they would like you to do
something.

intend. verb. to have as a plan or purpose.

agree. verb. to have the same opinion.

hope. verb. to want something to happen or to be true, and usually have a good reason to think that it
might.

suggest. verb. to mention an idea, possible plan, or action for other people to consider.

recommend. verb. to suggest that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job
or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done.

considered opinion/view/decision. an opinion or decision that someone has reached after a lot of
thought.

imagine. verb. to form or have a mental picture or idea of something.

avoid. verb. to stay away from someone or something.

dislike. verb. to not like someone or something.

like. verb. to enjoy or approve of something or someone.

mind. verb. (used in questions and negatives) to be annoyed or worried by something.

enjoy. verb. to get pleasure from something.

Unit 88

encourage. verb. to make someone more likely to do something, or to make something more likely to
happen.

help. verb. to make it possible or easier for someone to do something, by doing part of the work
yourself or by providing advice, money, support, etc..

expect. verb. to think or believe something will happen, or someone will arrive.

mention. verb. to speak about something quickly, giving little detail or using few words.

promise. verb. to tell someone that you will certainly do something.

realize. verb. to understand a situation, sometimes suddenly.

remind. verb. to make someone think of something they have forgotten or might have forgotten.

warn. verb. to make someone realize a possible danger or problem, especially one in the future.

persuade. verb. to make someone do or believe something by giving them a good reason to do it or by
talking to that person and making them believe it.

advise. verb. to give someone advice.

Unit 89

term. noun. one of the periods into which a year is divided at school, college, or university.

shocked. adjective. surprised or upset because something unexpected and usually unpleasant has
happened.

confused. adjective. unable to think clearly or to understand something.

embarrassed. adjective. feeling ashamed or shy.

disappointed. adjective. unhappy because someone or something was not as good as you hoped or
expected, or because something did not happen.

amazed. adjective. extremely surprised.

tiring. adjective. making you feel tired.

depressed. adjective. unhappy and without hope.

boring. adjective. not interesting or exciting.

delicious. adjective. having a very pleasant taste or smell.

essential. adjective. necessary or needed.

terrifying. adjective. very frightening.

exhausted. adjective. extremely tired.

fascinating. adjective. extremely interesting.

huge. adjective. extremely large in size or amount.

tiny. adjective. extremely small.

delighted. adjective. very pleased.

dreadful. adjective. causing fear, shock, or suffering.

awful. adjective. extremely bad or unpleasant.

amazing. adjective. extremely surprising.

wonderful. adjective. extremely good.

terrific. adjective. very good.

marvellous. adjective. extremely good.

Unit 90

term. noun. one of the periods into which a year is divided at school, college, or university.

past. preposition, adverb. in or to a position that is further than a particular point.

after. preposition. following in time, place, or order.

towards. preposition. in the direction of, or closer to someone or something.

out of somewhere/sth. no longer in a stated place or condition.

against. preposition. next to and touching or being supported by (something).

among. preposition. in the middle of or surrounded by other things.

underneath. preposition, adverb. under or below.

beneath. preposition. in or to a lower position than someone or something, under someone or

something.

below. adverb, preposition. in a lower position (than), under.

above. adverb, preposition. in or to a higher position than something else.

beside. preposition. at the side of, next to.

by. preposition. near or at the side of.

beyond. preposition, adverb. further away in the distance (than something).

in. preposition. inside a container, place, or area, or surrounded or closed off by something.

on. preposition. used to show that something is in a position above something else and touching it, or
that something is moving into such a position.

at. preposition. used to show an exact position or particular place.

Unit 91

suddenly. adverb. quickly and unexpectedly.

angrily. adverb. in a way that shows that you feel angry with someone or about something.

politely. adverb. in a polite way.

briefly. adverb. for a short time.

urgently. adverb. in a way that needs attention very soon, especially before anything else, because of
being very important.

secretly. adverb. in a way that people do not know or are not told about.

incredibly. adverb. used for saying that something is very difficult to believe.

extremely. adverb. very.

completely. adverb. in every way or as much as possible.

totally. adverb. completely.

fairly. adverb. more than average, but less than very.

slightly. adverb. a little.

bit. noun. a small piece or amount of something.

seldom. adverb. almost never.

hardly. adverb. only just; almost not.

rarely. adverb. not often.

occasionally. adverb. sometimes but not often.

often. adverb. many times.

frequently. adverb. often.

Unit 92

for one thing. one reason is.

secondly. adverb. used when stating the second of two or more reasons or pieces of information.
besides. adverb, preposition. in addition to; also.

start. verb. to begin doing something.

eventually. adverb. in the end, especially after a long time or a lot of effort, problems, etc..

after. preposition. following in time, place, or order.

first (of all). before anything else.

before. preposition, adverb, conjunction. at or during a time earlier than (the thing mentioned).

afterwards. adverb. after the time mentioned.

just. adverb. now, very soon, or very recently.

while. conjunction. during the time that, or at the same time as.

as soon as. in the shortest possible time.

when. adverb, conjunction. at what time; at the time at which.

Unit 93

whereas. conjunction. compared with the fact that; but.

yet. adverb. from now and for a particular period of time in the future.

however. adverb. despite whatever amount or degree.

in spite of sth. (used before one fact that makes another fact surprising) despite.

even though. despite the fact that.

although. conjunction. despite the fact that.

besides. adverb, preposition. in addition to; also.

in addition (to). as well (as).

what's more. used to add something surprising or interesting to what you have just said.

as well as. in addition; and also.

also. adverb. in addition.

and. conjunction. used to join two words, phrases, parts of sentences, or related statements together.

Unit 94

(just) in case. because of a possibility of something happening, being needed, etc..

otherwise. conjunction. used after an order or suggestion to show what the result will be if you do not
follow that order or suggestion.

unless. conjunction. except if.

in order to do something. with the aim or purpose of doing something.

due to. because of.

due. adjective. expected to happen, arrive, etc. at a particular time.

reason. noun. the cause of an event or situation or something that provides an excuse or explanation.

since. adverb. from a particular time in the past until a later time, or until now.

as. adverb. used in comparisons to refer to the degree of something.

because. conjunction. for the reason that.

Unit 95

pronounce. verb. to say a word or a letter in a particular way.

wow. exclamation. used to show surprise and sometimes pleasure.

repeat. verb. to say or tell people something more than once.

mean. verb. to express or represent something such as an idea, thought, or fact.

rubbish. noun. something that you think is very low quality or not true.

be dying for/to do sth. to be extremely eager to have or do something.

mate. noun. a friend.

proceed. verb. to move forward or travel in a particular direction.

depart. verb. to go away or leave, especially on a journey.

commence. verb. to begin something.

grant. verb. to give, agree to give, or do something that another person has asked for, esp. as an official
or formal act.

regarding. preposition. about.

further. adjective, adverb. more or extra.

assistance. noun. help.

inform. verb. to tell someone about particular facts.

require. verb. to need something or make something necessary.

regret. noun. a feeling of sadness about something sad or wrong or about a mistake that you have
made, and a wish that it could have been different and better.

premises. noun. the land and buildings owned by someone, especially by a company or organization.

purchase. verb. to buy something.

Unit 96

require. verb. to need something or make something necessary.

team. noun. a number of people or animals who do something together as a group.

relevant. adjective. connected with what is happening or being discussed.

complicated. adjective. involving a lot of different parts, in a way that is difficult to understand.

personal statement. noun. in the UK, a short piece of writing about yourself and your interests that
forms part of your university application (= request to be given a place to study at a university).

career. noun. the job or series of jobs that you do during your working life, especially if you continue to
get better jobs and earn more money.

work experience. noun. a period of time in which a student temporarily works for an employer to get
experience.

qualification. noun. an official record showing that you have finished a training course or have the
necessary skills, etc..

education. noun. the process of teaching or learning, especially in a school or college, or the knowledge
that you get from this.

CV. noun. abbreviation for curriculum vitae formal: a short written description of your education,
qualifications, previous jobs, and sometimes also your personal interests, that you send to an employer
when you are trying to get a job.

apply. verb. to request something, usually officially, especially in writing or by sending in a form.

enrol. verb. to put yourself or someone else onto the official list of members of a course, college, or
group.

visa. noun. an official mark, usually made in a passport, that allows you to enter or leave a particular
country.

landing card. noun. a card given to passengers on a plane or boat that they must fill in with personal
information about themselves and show to officials when they arrive in a foreign country.

entry. noun. the act of entering a place or joining a particular society or organization.

registration. noun. the act of recording a name or information on an official list.

Unit 97

affect. verb. to have an influence on someone or something, or to cause a change in someone or

something.

effect. noun. the result of a particular influence.

consequently. adverb. as a result.

result. noun. something that happens or exists because of something else.

cause. noun. the reason why something, especially something bad, happens.

in general. usually, or in most situations.

generalization. noun. a written or spoken statement in which you say or write that something is true all
of the time when it is only true some of the time.

in sharp contrast (to sth). in a way that is clearly recognized as different to something else.

nowadays. adverb. at the present time, in comparison to the past.

past. noun. the period before and until, but not including, the present time.

compare. verb. to examine or look for the difference between two or more things.

on the one hand but on the other hand. the first thing to consider is this, but a second and different
thing to consider is this.

however. adverb. despite whatever amount or degree.

take advantage of sth. to use the good things in a situation.

believe. verb. to think that something is true, correct, or real.

in addition (to). as well (as).

against. preposition. disagreeing with a plan or activity.

argument. noun. a disagreement, or the process of disagreeing.

point of view. noun. a way of considering something.

Unit 98

enclose. verb. to send something in the same envelope or package as something else.

apologize. verb. to tell someone that you are sorry for having done something that has caused problems
or unhappiness for them.

thank you. exclamation. used to tell someone that you are grateful because they have given you
something or done something for you.

confirm. verb. to make an arrangement or meeting certain, often by phone or writing.

enquire. verb. to inquire.

inform. verb. to tell someone about particular facts.

regret. noun. a feeling of sadness about something sad or wrong or about a mistake that you have
made, and a wish that it could have been different and better.

(yours) sincerely. used to end a formal letter that is sent to a particular person.

please. exclamation. used to make a request more polite.

Yours faithfully. used at the end of a formal letter beginning with "Dear Sir" or "Dear Madam".

look forward to sth. to feel pleased and excited about something that is going to happen.

detail. noun. a single piece of information or fact about something.

grateful. adjective. showing or expressing thanks, especially to another person.

graduate. noun. a person who has a first degree from a university or college.

response. noun. an answer or reaction.

madam. noun. a formal and polite way of speaking to a woman.

sir. noun. used as a formal and polite way of speaking to a man, especially one who you are providing a
service to or who is in a position of authority.

Unit 99

in fact. actually.

anyway. adverb. In conversation, anyway is also used to change the subject, return to an earlier subject,
or get to the most interesting point.

get together. If two or more people get together, they meet each other, having arranged it before.

actually. adverb. in fact or really.

let sb know. to tell someone something.

ages. plural noun. a very long time.

Best wishes. Best wishes is a polite way of finishing a letter to someone..

all the best. used to say goodbye, or to end a letter to someone you know well, or to send good wishes
to someone.

would love. used, often in requests, to say that you would very much like something.

regards. plural noun. greetings and expressions of affection.

dear. adjective. used at the beginning of a letter to greet the person you are writing to.

hello. exclamation, noun. used when meeting or greeting someone.

hi. exclamation. used as an informal greeting, usually to people who you know.

Unit 100

sales rep. noun. someone who travels to different places trying to persuade people to buy their
company's products or services.

vet. noun. a person with a medical degree trained to take care of the health of animals.

lab. noun. a laboratory.

ad. noun. informal for an advertisement.

case. noun. a large, rectangular container with a handle, for carrying clothes and possessions while
travelling.

fridge. noun. a piece of kitchen equipment that uses electricity to preserve food at a cold temperature.

phone. noun. a device that uses either a system of wires along which electrical signals are sent or a
system of radio signals to make it possible for you to speak to someone in another place who has a
similar device.

stand for sth. to represent a particular idea.

ISP. noun. abbreviation for Internet Service Provider: a company that provides use of the internet,
allows you to use email, and gives you space on the internet to show documents.

CV. noun. abbreviation for curriculum vitae formal: a short written description of your education,
qualifications, previous jobs, and sometimes also your personal interests, that you send to an employer
when you are trying to get a job.

PC. noun. abbreviation for personal computer.

ID. noun. abbreviation for identification: any official card or document with your name and photograph
or other information on it that you use to prove who you are.

the BBC. noun. abbreviation for the British Broadcasting Corporation: a British organization that
broadcasts on television, radio, and the internet.

MP. noun. abbreviation for Member of Parliament.

PM. noun. abbreviation for prime minister.

the UN. noun. abbreviation for the United Nations: an international organization that was established in
1945 and aims to solve world problems in a peaceful way.

the EU. noun. abbreviation for the European Union.