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material management

The document outlines the principles and steps involved in material management within hospital settings, emphasizing procurement, inventory control, and maintenance. It details the objectives, purposes, and methods of material management, along with the types of materials used in patient care. Additionally, it addresses budgeting, selection criteria for materials, and common problems faced in material management.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
18 views32 pages

material management

The document outlines the principles and steps involved in material management within hospital settings, emphasizing procurement, inventory control, and maintenance. It details the objectives, purposes, and methods of material management, along with the types of materials used in patient care. Additionally, it addresses budgeting, selection criteria for materials, and common problems faced in material management.

Uploaded by

jhanavi rajesh
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit -3

Material Management
Procurement, inventory control, auditing, maintenance in hospital and patient care units,
emergency and disaster management
Objectives

• Define material management


• Explain the purposes of material management
• Explain the principles of material management
• Describe the steps of material management
• Discuss role of nurse manager in material management
Meaning of material management

Is a scientific technique concerned with Planning,


Organizing, and Control of flow of materials, from their
initial purchase to destination.
Material Planning

This requires need assessment, preparing material


budget, forecasting, the level of inventories and
scheduling the orders.
Aim

To get the right quality and right quantity of supplies, at


the right place and for the right cost .
Purpose

To gain economy in purchasing


To satisfy the demand during period of replenishment
To carry reserve stock to avoid stock out
To stabilize fluctuations in consumptions
To provide reasonable level of client services
Principles

1. Effective management and supervision


2. Sound purchasing methods
3. Skillful and hard negotiations
4. Simple inventory control management
Steps of material management
Demand estimation

Procurement

Receipt and inspection

Storage

Issue and use

Maintenance , repair

Disposal

Accounting and information system


Steps of Material Management
1. Demand estimation
Instruments, equipments and appliances being used in the hospital.

 Identify the needed items


 Calculate from the trends in consumption
 Review the consumption in the past
 Review with resource constraints
 Availability of funds
Steps of Material Management..contd

2.Procurement

It is the procedure for ordering materials

Objectives:-
 Acquire needed supplies as inexpensively
 Obtain high quality supplies
 Assure prompt and dependable delivery
 Distribute the procurement
Steps of Material Management..contd

2.Procurement

It is the procedure for ordering materials

Objectives:-
 Acquire needed supplies as inexpensively
 Obtain high quality supplies
 Assure prompt and dependable delivery
 Distribute the procurement
Procurement cycle

Determine
Review
the
selection
quantity

Receipt
Select
and
suppliers
inspection

Monitor
order
Methods in procurement process

• Open tender
• Negotiated procurement
• Direct procurement
• Rate contract
• Spot purchase
Points to be considered (equipment )

• Latest technology
• Availability of maintenance
• Reputed manufacturers
• Low operating costs
• Installation
Steps ..contd.

3.Receipt and inspection-


Sampling procedure for inspection
Steps of Material Management..contd

4.Storage

Adequate space Alphabetical order

First in first Monitor expiry


out(FIFO) date

Two bin
method(main stock
and substock)
Steps of Material Management..contd

5.Issue and use


6.Maintainence , repair
7.Disposal
8. Accounting and information system
Inventory control

It means stocking adequate number and kind of stores so that the


materials are available whenever and whatever required.
Types of inventory control

• ABC analysis- A(high cost centre), B(intermediate cost centres), C(low


cost centres)
• VED method- vital, essential, desirable.
• GOLF analysis- Government suppliers, ordinary suppliers, local suppliers,
foreign suppliers.
• SOS analysis- Raw material – seasonal or off seasonal items.
• SDE analysis- scarce to obtain, difficult to obtain, easy to obtain .
• HML analysis-high,medium and low value
• XYZ analysis-high,medium,low cost
Types of material used in nursing units/patients unit:-

1. Drugs and medicines-used in prevention and treatment of various types


of ailments
2. Supplies- cotton, bandages, syringes, needles, forceps, plasters, tray,
splints, chemicals and reagents, X ray plates, items of linen like draw
sheet, bed cover, mattresses, pillows, masks, aprons, stationary items,
antiseptics etc.
Types of material used in nursing units/patients unit

3. Equipment and instruments- various type of furniture, refrigerator, IV


stand, trolley, table, air conditioners, screens, bed side lockers etc.
4. Facilities include non- movable things like buildings, toilets, lifts, water
tank and pumps, kitchen etc.
High alert medications-Institute for safe
medication practices (ISMP)
High alert medications-Institute for safe
medication practices (ISMP)
• Insulin
• Opiates
• Narcotics
• KCl
• Heparin
• NaCl above 0.9 percent
https://www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/18/SEA_11.pdf
• LASA drugs-look alike sound alike

http://www.ismp.org/Tools/tallmanletters.pdf
Problems in material management

1. Inadequate supply of materials


2. Equipments may be out of order
3. Supplies and equipments may be in accessible
4. Equipments is inconveniently located
Planning equipments and supplies in hospital

Purchase of supplies and equipments in a hospital is carried out


through:-
1. General store
2. Pharmacy department
3. Dietary department
Budgeting

• Actual cost +
• Additional costs that are involved such as:-
Transport charges
Incidental costs
Cost of chemical and other consumables used with
the equipment (e.g. ECG paper for ECG machine)
Budgeting

Operating cost (hiring a technician)


Cost of maintenance
 Cost of technology obsolesces: when a better quality appears in
market there is tendency to discard the old model.
Selection of materials:-
• While buying articles it has to meet the ISI (India Standards
Institution).
• ISI is the national agency set up to bring standardization of
articles in India.
Purchasing article:-
Material used for the equipment should be durable, non-corroding,
non toxic and safe for use
Should have standard shapes and dimensions to fit into various
situations
Repairability and spare part availability of the article
Interchangeability of the article
Factors to be considered while planning material

1. Type of service provided by the hospital


2. Age of the patients
3. Degree and type of illness
4. Cost of items

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