DIRECTORATE OF GOVERNMENT EXAMINATIONS, CHENNAI – 600 006.

SSLC PUBLIC EXAMINATION – MARCH / APRIL 2025

SOCIAL SCIENCE – (ENGLISH MEDIUM)
ANSWER KEY
MAXIMUM MARKS : 100

PART – I
Answer all the Questions: 14×1=14
Q.No Option Answer Marks
1. (b) Japan 1
2. (c) Pope 1
3. (b) 1976 1
4. (b) Assertion is correct but Reason is apt to the Assertion 1
5. (c) Munda Rebellion 1
6. (c) Tropical Monsoon Climate 1
7. (a) Cotton 1
8. (c) Maharashtra 1
9. (b) Demography 1
10. (b) Millets 1
11. (c) Tamil Nadu 1
12. (c) An Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 1
13. (b) Value added approach 1
14. (d) 1994 1

PART - II
Answer Any Ten Questions.
Question No.28 is compulsory. 10×2=20
Q.
ANSWER Marks
No
15.  In 1894 Japan forced a war on China.
 The crushing defeat of China by little Japan in the Sino-
2
Japanese War.
(Any
 After the war, Japan annexed the Liaotung peninsula with Port
Two
Arthur.
Points)
 By this action Japan proved that it was the strongest nation of
the East Asia.
16.  The ‘Great Depression’ also dealt a death blow to Indian 2
agriculture and the indigenous manufacturing sector.
 The value of farm produce, declined by half while the land rent (Any
to be paid by the peasant remained unchanged. Two
 In terms of prices of agricultural commodities the obligation of Points)
the farmers to the state doubled.

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17.  to collect revenue
 to administer the territory 2
 to settle disputes (Any
 to maintain law and order Four)
 Their police duties were known as Arasu Kaval.
18.  Satara,
2
 Sambalpur,
 Parts of the Punjab,
(Any
 Jhansi, Four)
 Nagpur.
19.  In 1916 Annie Besant started Home Rule League. 2
 She carried forward the demand for home rule all over India. (Any
 She started the newspapers New India and Commonweal to Two)
carry forward her agenda.
20.  It is the largest plateau of the peninsular India.
2
 The shape of this plateau is roughly triangular.
(Any
 The area of this plateau is about 7 lakh square km.
Two)
 Height ranges from 500 to 1000 m above sea level.
21.  Winter season
 Summer season
2
 Southwest monsoon or Rainy season
 Northeast monsoon season
22.  Subsistence farming
 Shifting agriculture
2
 Intensive farming
(Any
 Dry farming
Four)
 Mixed farming
 Terrace farming
23.  Pamban, ●Upputanni,
 Hare, ●Island Grounds, 2
 Krusadai, ●Kattupalli Island, (Any
 Nallathanni Theevu, ●Quibble Island Four)
 Pullivasal ●Srirangam ●Vivekananda Rock Memorial
24.  Mettur Dam,  Bhavani Sagar Dam
 Amaravathi Dam  Krishnagiri Dam 2
 Sathanur Dam  Mullaiperiyar Dam (Any
 Vaigai Dam  Manimuthar Dam Four)
 Papanasam Dam  Parampikulam Aliyar Project
25.  Admiralty
 Probate
2
 Matrimonial
 Contempt of Court
26.  Jawaharlal Nehru
 Tito
 Nasser 2
 Sukarno
 Kwame Nkrumah

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27.  “Food security exists when all people, at all times, have
physical, social and Economic access to sufficient, safe and 2
nutritious food which meets their dietary needs and Food
preferences for an active and healthy life.” (FAO, 2009)
28.  Startup India Scheme – 16-Jan-2016.
 Startup India Scheme is an initiative of the Indian Government. 2
 The Primary objective of which is the promotion of the start- (Any
ups,Generation of employment and wealth creation. Two)

PART - III
Answer any Ten Questions.

Question No. 42 is compulsory 10×5=50

Q.No ANSWER Marks

29. (i) Kayathar
(ii) Gopal Krishna Gokhale 5

(iii) NilgiriTahr
(iv) 51A
(v) Industrial Sector
30. Provisions of the Treaty of the Versailles
 Germany was found guilty of starting the War and therefore was to
pay reparations for the losses suffered. All Central Powers were
directed to pay war indemnity.
 The German army was to be limited to 100,000 men. A small navy
was allowed.
5
 The union of Austria and Germany was forbidden. (Any
 All German colonies became mandated territories under the Five)
League of Nations.
 Germany was forced to revoke the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (with
Russia) and Bucharest (Bulgaria).
 Alsace–Lorraine was returned to France.
 Poland was recreated.

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31.  New geo-political power alignment:
 World War II changed the world in fundamental ways.
 The world was polarized into two main blocs led by
superpowers.
 One led by the United States and the other by Soviet Russia.
 Europe was divided into two: Communist and non-Communist.
 Nuclear proliferation: 5
 The United States and the Soviet Union entered into a race to
(Any
have more nuclear powered weapons.
Three
 They built a large stockpile of such weapons. Headings)
 Defence spending sky-rocketed in many countries.
 International agencies:
 Many international agencies, in particular :-
 The United Nations,
 The World Bank,
 The International Monetary Fund, came into existence
providing a forum for countries large and small.
 Colonial powers :
 Colonial powers were forced to give independence to former
colonies in a process of decolonization.
 India was the first to achieve independence.
32.
(a) Distinguish between
(i) North East Monsoon and South West Monsoon.
S.
North East Monsoon South West Monsoon.
NO
2
This monsoon winds blow These winds blow from the
1 (Any two
from the land to sea. sea to land. relevant
It blows from October to It blows from June to Points)
2
November. September.

(ii) Renewable and non - renewable resources.

S.
Renewable resources non - renewable resources 2
NO
Renewable Resources are Non - Renewable resources (Any two
relevant
those which have natural are the sources that cannot
1 Points)
regeneration after their be replaced again after
utilisation. utilisation.
2 ex: Air and Sunlight. ex: Coal and Petroleum

b) Give reasons
 When the altitude increases, the temperature decreases. 1
0 (Any one
 Temperature decreases at the rate of 6.5 C for every 1000
point)
metres of ascent
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33.  Raja Rammohan Roy:
 He advocated the rights of widows to remarry.
 The main contribution of Ram Mohan Roy was his relentless
efforts in abolishing the practice of Sati.
 He supported and advocated women’s rights to education and
equal social status.
 Ishwar Chandra vidyasagar:
 He played a leading role in promoting education of girls and
helped them in setting up a number of schools.
 He dedicated his whole life for the betterment of the child 5
widows of the Hindu society. (Any
Three
 The movement led by Vidyasagar, resulted in the Widows’ Headings)
Remarriage Reform Act of 1856.
 Mahadev Govind Ranade.
 Inter-caste dining,
 Inter-caste marriage,
 Widow remarriage
 Improvement of women and depressed classes.
 Swami Dayanand Saraswati:
 He declared the practices such as child marriage, the
prohibition of widow remarriage had no scriptural sanction.
 Jyotiba Phule:
 Jyotiba was also against child-marriages and supported of
widow remarriage.
 Jotiba opened orphanages and homes for widows..
34. Peninsular Rivers
 The rivers in south India are called the Peninsular rivers.
 Based on the direction of flow, the peninsular rivers are divided
into the
1.East flowing rivers 2. West flowing rivers

1.East Flowing Rivers

a)Mahanadi
 The river Mahanadi originates near Sihawa in Raipur district of
Chattisgarh.
 Its length is 851 km and flows through Odisha.
 The Mahanadi empties its water in Bay of Bengal.
b) Godavari
 It originates in Nasik district of Maharashtra, 5
 Godavari is the longest river among the Peninsular rivers - (Any Five
Peninsular
1,465 km.
Rivers)
 It flows through the states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh
before joining Bay of Bengal.

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 c) Krishna
 The river Krishna originates from a spring at a place called
Mahabaleshwar of Maharashtra.
 Its length is 1400 km.
 It also flows through Andhra Pradesh and joins in Bay of
Bengal
d) Kaveri
 The river Kaveri originates at Talakaveri, Kudagu hills of
Karnataka. Its length is 805 km.
 It empties into the Bay of Bengal at Poompuhar.

2.West flowing rivers

a) Narmada
 This river rises in Amarkantak Plateau in Madhya Pradesh.Its
length is 1312 km.
 The Narmada river outfalling into the Arabian Sea through the
Gulf of Cambay.
b) Tapti
 Tapti river rises near Multai tank in the Betul district of Madhya
Pradesh. Its length is 724 km.
 It outfalls into the Arabian Sea through the Gulf of Cambay.
35.  Alluvial soils:
 It is the sediments deposited by streams and rivers.
 The soil is distributed in Ganga and Brahmaputra river valleys,
Uttar Pradesh,West Bengal and Bihar.
 Black soils: 5
 Black soil is derived from basalts of Deccan trap.
 This type of soil found in Malwa plateau, Kathiawar peninsula,
Telangaga and Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh and (Any
northern part of Karnataka. Five
Soils)
 Red Soils:
 It is formed due decomposition of ancient crystalline rocks like
granites and gneisses.
 Red soil is found in Eastern part of Deccan plateau, southern
states of Kerala,Tamilnadu.
 Laterite soils:
 It is formed in the regions where alternate wet and hot dry
conditions prevail. It is formed by the process of leaching
 It is found in Assam hills, hill summits of Kerala and Karnataka.
 Forest and Mountain soils:
 Formation of these soil - due to mechanical weathering caused
by snow, rain, temperature variation.
 These soils found in the forest belts of Jammu and
Kashmir,Sikkim and Western Ghats.
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  Arid and desert soils
 Due to prevalence of the dry climate, hightemperature and
accelerated evaporation, the soil is dry
 Rajasthan, Northern Gujarat and southern Punjab
 Saline and alkaline soils
 Formed due to ill drainage which causes water logging,
injurious salts are transferred from subsurface to the top soil by
the capillary action, it causes the salinisation of soils
 Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. In the drier parts of Bihar,
Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan and Maharashtra
 Peaty and marshy soils
 Formed in humid regions from the organic matter. It is found in
the areas of heavy rainfall and high humidity Peaty soils are
black, heavyand highly acidic
 Kerala, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Bihar and
Uttarakhand.
36.  Roadways
 The State has a total road length of 1,67,000 km.
 In which 60,628km are maintained by state Highways
Department.
 It ranks second in India with a share of over 20% in total.
 Road projects under operation in the Public-Private
Partnership (PPP) model.
 Railways
 Tamil Nadu has a well-developed rail network as part of
Southern Railway, headquartered at Chennai.
 Chennai has a well-established suburban railway network.
 A mass rapid transport system (MRTS) and is currently
developing a Metro system. 5
 Its first underground stretch in operation since May 2017.
 Airways
 Tamil Nadu has four major international airports.
 Chennai International Airport is currently the third largest
airport in India.
 Other international airports in Tamil Nadu include Coimbatore,
Madurai and Tiruchirapalli airports.
 It also has domestic airports at Tuticorin and Salem.
 Waterways
 Tamil Nadu has three major ports.
 They are in Chennai, Ennore and Tuticorin.
 It has an intermediate port at Nagapattinam and 15 minor
ports.
 All the minor ports are managed by the Tamil Nadu Maritime
Board, Chennai Port.

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37. Duties and Functions of Prime Minister
 The Prime Minister decides the rank of his ministers and
distributes various departments.
 The Prime Minister decides the dates and the agenda of the
meeting of the Cabinet which he presides.
 The Prime Minister informally consults two or three of his
senior colleagues when he does not convene a Cabinet
meeting.
 The Prime Minister supervises the work of various ministers.
 To converse to the President all decisions of the Council of 5
Ministers connecting to the government.
 The Prime Minister act as the link between the President and (Any
Five
the Council of Ministers. Points)
 The Prime Minister is the leader of the nation and chief
spokesperson of the country.
 As the leader of the nation, the Prime Minister represents our
nation at all international conferences.
38. Salient Features of Indian Constitution
 It is the lengthiest of all the written Constitutions of the world.
 It has borrowed most of its provisions from the Constitutions of
various countries. 5
 It is partly rigid and partly flexible.
 It establishes a federal system of government. (Any
Five
 It makes India as a secular state. Points)
 It provides an independent judiciary.
 According to the right to vote to all citizens above 18 years of
age without any discrimination.

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39.  Gross National Product (GNP)
 Gross National Product is the total value of goods and services
produced and income received in a year by domestic
residents of a country.
 It includes profits earned from capital invested abroad.
 GNP=C+I+G+(X-M)+NFIA
5
 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
(Any
 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total value of output of Four
goods and services produced by the factors of production Concepts)
within the geographical boundaries of the country.

 Net National Product (NNP)

 Net National Product (NNP) is arrived by making some
adjustment with regard to depreciation that is we arrive the
NNP by deducting the value of depreciation from Gross
National Product.
 NNP = GNP − Depreciation

 Net Domestic Product (NDP)

 Net Domestic Product (NDP) is a part of Gross Domestic
Product, NDP is obtained from the Gross Domestic Product by
deducting the Quantum of tear and wear expenses
(depreciation).
 NDP = GDP – Depreciation
 Per Capita Income (PCI)
 Per capita Income or output per person is an indicator to show
the living standard of people in a country.
 It is obtained by dividing the National Income by the population
of a country.
 Per capita Income = National Income / Population.

 Personal Income
 Personal income is the total money income received by
individuals and households of a country from all possible
sources before direct taxes.
 Disposable Income
 Disposable income means actual income which can be spent
on consumption by individuals and families
 DPI= PI-Direct Taxes

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40.  Taxes are compulsory payments to government without
expectation of direct return (or) benefit to the tax payer. 1

Types of Taxes
1. Direct Taxes
1
2. Indirect Taxes
 Direct taxes

 Income Tax
 Income tax is the most common and most important tax levied
on an individual in India.
 It is charged directly based on the income of a person.
 The rate at which it is charged varies, depending on the level of
income.
 Corporate Tax
 This tax is levied on companies that exist as separate entities
from their shareholders.
 Foreign companies are taxed on income that it arises in India.

 Wealth Tax
 Wealth tax is charged on the benefits derived from property
ownership.
 The same property will be taxed every year on its current
market value.
3
 Indirect taxes
 Stamp Duty
 Stamp duty is a tax that is paid on official documents like
marriage registration or documents related to a property and in
some contractual agreements.
 Entertainment tax
 Entertainment tax is a duty that is charged by the government
on any source of entertainment provided.
 Excise duty
 An excise tax is any duty on manufactured goods levied at the
movement of manufacture, rather than at sale.

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41. Timeline

 1914 - Outbreak of World War-I

 1916 - Home Rule League / Lucknow Pact

 1917 - Champaran Satyagraha

 1918 - Kheda Satyagraha / End of First world war

 1919 - Rowlatt Act / Jalianwalah Bagh Massacre

5
 1920 - Khilafat Movement / Non-Cooperation Movement

 1922 - Chauri Chaura incident (Any

Five
Events)
 1923 - The formation of Swaraj Party

 1927 - The appointment of the Simon Commission

 1928 - Motilal Nehru Report

 1929 - The Lahore Congress Session / The Great Depression

 1930 - Salt Satyagraha / First Round Table Conference

 1931 - Gandhi-Irwin Pact / Second Round Table Conference

 1932 - Communal Award / Poona Pact / Third Round Table

Conference

 1935 - The Government of India Act

 1937 - First Congress Ministry in Provinces

 1939 – Outbreak of World War -II

 1940 - August Offer / Individual Satyagraha

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42.

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 PART – IV
Answer the following question. 2×8=16
Q.No ANSWER MARKS
43 (a)  26 January 1930 was declared as Independence Day and a
pledge was taken all over the country to attain Poorna Swaraj
non-violently through civil disobedience including non-payment
of taxes.
 The Indian National Congress authorised Gandhi to launch the
movement.
 Salt Satyagraha Movement
 A charter of demands presented to the Viceroy Lord Irwin with
an ultimatum to comply by 31 January 1930 included:
8
 Reduction of expenditure on army and civil services by 50%
 Introduction of total prohibition of liquor (Any
Eight
 Release of all political prisoners
Points)
 Reduction of land revenue by 50%
 Abolition of salt tax.
 Features of the movement:
 When the Viceroy did not respond to the charter of demands,
Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement.
 The inclusion of abolition of salt tax was a brilliant tactical
decision.
 At the break of dawn on 12 March 1930 Gandhi set out from
Sabarmati Ashram with 78 of its inmates.
 The procession became larger and larger when hundreds
joined them along the march.
 At the age of 61 Gandhi covered a distance of 241 miles in 24
days to reach Dandi at sunset on 5 April 1930.
 The next morning, he took a lump of salt breaking the salt law.
(OR)
43 (b)  Justice Party
 On 20 November 1916 around 30 prominent non-Brahmin
leaders including Dr. C. Natesanar, Sir Pitti Theyagarayar, T.M.
Nair and Alamelu Mangai Thayarammal came together to form
the South Indian Liberation Federation (SILF).
 The association started publishing three newspapers: 3
Dravidian in Tamil, Justice in English and Andhra Prakasika in
(Any
Telugu, to propagate the ideals of the Party. Three
 The Justice Party won the election and formed the first-ever points)
Indian cabinet in Madras.
 Subbarayalu became the Chief Minister of the Madras
Presidency and the party formed the government during 1920–
1923 and 1923–1926.
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  In the context of Congress Party boycotting the legislature, the
Justice Party continued to remain in office till 1937 elections
were held.
 In the 1937 elections the Indian National Congress contested
the elections for the first time and trounced the Justice Party.

 Programmes and Activities

 The Justicites removed the legal hindrances restricting inter-
caste marriages and broke the barriers that prevented
Depressed Classes from the use of public wells and tanks. 5
 The Justice Party government ordered that public schools
accommodate the children of the Depressed Classes.
(Any
 Hostels were established for the students belonging to this Five
social group in 1923. Points)
 In the meantime, the Madras legislature under the Justice
Party government was the first to approve participation of
women in the electoral politics in 1921.
 This resolution created space for woman and thus facilitated
Muthulakshmi Ammaiyar to become the first woman legislator
in India in 1926.
 The Justice Party worked towards legislating provisions for
communal representation – reservations for various
communities.
 Two Communal Government Orders (16 September 1921 and
15 August 1922) were passed to ensure equitable distribution
in appointments among various castes and communities as a
part of achieving social justice.
 The Justice Party rule established the Staff Selection Board in
1924 for the selection of government officials and encouraged
all the communities to share the administrative powers.
 In 1929, the Government of British India adopted the pattern
and established the Public Service Commission.
 The Justice Party further concentrated on reforms in religious
institutions.
 The Justice Party introduced the Hindu Religious Endowment
(HRE) Act in 1926 and enabled any individual, irrespective of
their caste affiliation, to become a member of the temple
committee and govern the resources of the religious
institutions.

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44
(a)

8 Marks
(OR)

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44
(b)

8 Marks

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