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Class 12 DNA Project

The document provides an overview of DNA, its structure, and its role as the hereditary material in organisms. It details the composition of DNA, including nucleotides and nitrogen bases, and discusses various aspects such as DNA replication, transcription, translation, mutations, and applications in forensics and medicine. The document emphasizes the significance of DNA in genetics and its potential future developments.

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kenadarchi
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7 views15 pages

Class 12 DNA Project

The document provides an overview of DNA, its structure, and its role as the hereditary material in organisms. It details the composition of DNA, including nucleotides and nitrogen bases, and discusses various aspects such as DNA replication, transcription, translation, mutations, and applications in forensics and medicine. The document emphasizes the significance of DNA in genetics and its potential future developments.

Uploaded by

kenadarchi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Introduction to DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 1
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Structure of DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 2
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Discovery of DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 3
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Double Helix Model

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 4
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Nucleotides and Their Components

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 5
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

DNA Replication

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 6
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Enzymes in DNA Replication

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 7
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Semi-conservative Model

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 8
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Genetic Code and DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 9
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Transcription and Translation

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 10
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Mutations in DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 11
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

DNA Fingerprinting

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 12
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Applications of DNA Technology

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 13
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

DNA in Forensics and Medicine

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 14
DNA Project - Class 12 CBSE Biology

Conclusion and Future Scope

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly

every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. DNA is made up of

molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen

base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Page 15

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