MUSCLES ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION

a. Sternomastoid - Median raphae - From - Singly turn the -

and manubrium lambdoidal head, together
of sternum ridge to depress head or
mastoid neck
process
b. Sternohyoid - First costal - Hyoid bone - Draw the hyoid
cartilage posteriorly
c. Cleidomastoid - Clavicle - Mastoid process - Pulls clavicle
craniad or turns
head
d. Clavotrapezius - Clavicle - Ulna - Flexor of
and forearm
clavobrachial
e. Masseter - Zygomatic arch - Posterior half of - Elevator of the
the lateral lower jaw
surface of the
mandible
f. Temporal - From the side of - Coronoid - Elevator of the
the skull from process of the jaw
the superior mandible
nuchal line to
the zygomatic
process of the
frontal bone
g. Digastric - Jugular and - Mandible - Depressor of
mastoid the lower jaw
process of the
skull
h. Mylohyoid - Mandible - Median raphe - Raises floor of
the mouth and
brings hyoid
forward
i. Geniohyoid - Mandible near - Body of the - Draws hyoid
the symphysis hyoid forward
j. Sternothyroid - Sternum=with - Thyroid - Pulls larynx
sternohyoid cartilage of the posteriorly
larynx
 k. Thyrohyoid -
Each side of - Posterior horn - Raises larynx
thyroid of hyoid
cartilage
5. MUSCLES OF THE NECK AND THROAT

6. THE MUSCLES OF THE UPPER BACK

MUSCLES ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION

a. Latissimus dorsi - From the neural - By a tendon on - Pulls the -
spines of the last the medial forelimb dorsally
thoracic and surface of the and caudally.
most of the humerus.
lumbar vertebrae
and from the
lumbodorsal
fascia.
b. Trapezius - Spines of the - To be inserted - Draws the - Posterior
muscles vertebrae and on the fascia of scapula dorsad trapezius
b1. Spinotrapezius passes obliquely the scapula. and caudad.
forward covering
part of the
latissimus.
b2. Acromiiotrapezius - Neural spines of - Metacromion - Draws scapula - Middle
the cervical and process and dorsad and hold trapezius
first thoracic spine of the the two
vertebrae. scapula and scapulae
fascia of the together.
preceding
muscle.
b3. Clavotrapezius - Superior nuchal - Passes obliquely - Draws the clavicle -anterior
line and median ventrally to be dorsad and craniad. trapezius
 dorsal line of the inserted on the -cephalobrachial
neck. clavicle which is
embedded on its
inside surface. It
is continuous
with
clavobrachial
muscle.
c. Levator scapulae - Transverse - Metacromion - Draws the
ventralis process of the process and scapula craniad.
atlas and neighboring
occipital bone fascia
d. Rhomboideus - Neural spines of - Vertebral border - Draws scapula
the vertebrae dorsad
and adjacent
ligaments
e. Splenius - Middorsal line - Superior nuchal - Raises or turn - Largest
and fascia line the head muscle
covering
the back of
neck in
front of
rhomboide
us
f. Supraspinatus - Whole surface of - Greater - Extends the
the supraspinous tuberosity of the humerus
fossa humerus
g. Deltoids - Acromion process - Surface of other - With the next
g1. muscles of the
acromiodeltoid shoulder
h. Infraspinatus - Infraspinous - Greater - Rotates the
fossa tuberosity of the humerus
humerus
i. Teres major - Axillary border of - Medial surface - Rotates
the scapula and of the humerus humerus and
fascia of the lowers it
neighboring cells
j. Teres minor - Axillary border of - Greater - Assist the
 the scapula tuberosity infraspinatous
k. Subscapularis - Subscapular - Lesser - Pulls humerus
fossa tuberosity of the medially
humerus
l. Serratus - By slips of the - Scapula near - Draws scapula - Fan-shaped
ventralis first nine or ten the ventral craniad, caudad, muscle
ribs border and against
thoracic wall
m. Serratus dorsalis - - - Draw ribs
forward
n. Scalenes - Ribs - Transverse - Draw ribs
process of the forward and
cervical bend the neck
vertebrae
o. Intercostals - - -
o1. External - - - Bring ribs
intercostals forward
o2. Internal - - - Draw them back
intercostals again
p. Epaxial muscles - - -
of the thorax