SECTION – I

S-1 Define permutation.

S-2 Define fundamental principle of counting.
S-3 Define Circular permutation.
S-4 What is the difference between permutation and combination?
S-5 Define a sample space and an event.
S-6 Define sample space and give a simple example.
S-7 What is meant by mutually exclusive and equally likely events?
S-8 Define mutually exclusive events.
S-9 Define probability.
S-10 State the formulas for the addition of probabilities.
S-11 Write formula of P(A  B) where A and B are independent events.
S-12 Prove that 0! = 1

S-13 Evaluate

S-14 Evaluate

S-15 Evaluate

S-16 Write into factorial form

S-17 Write in factorial form.

S-18 Write (n + 2)(n + 1)(n) …in factorial form.
S-19 Write n(n – 1)(n – 2)……(n – r + 1) in the factorial form
S-20 How many 4-digits numbers can be formed out of the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 when no digit is
repeated?
S-21 How many 4-digits numbers can be formed out of the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 when no digit is
repeated?
S-22 Evaluate 20P3 without calculator.
S-23 Evaluate 16P4
S-24 Evaluate 15P4
S-25 Evaluate 12P5
S-26 Evaluate 10P7
S-27 Find the value of n when nP2 = 30
S-28 Find the value of n when 11Pn = 11.10.9
S-29 Find the value of n when nP4 : n–1P3 = 9 : 1
S-30 Prove that nPr = n.n-1Pr-1
S-31 Prove that nPr = n-1Pr + r.n-1Pr-1
S-32 How many signals can be given by 5 flags of different colors, using 3 flags at a time?
S-33 How many words can be formed using all letters of the word ‘PLANE’ when no letter is to
be repeated?
S-34 How many words can be formed from the letters of ‘OBJECT’ using all letters, no letter is
to be repeated.
S-35 How many 3-digits numbers can be formed by using each of the digits 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 only
once?
S-36 In how many ways can 5 persons be seated at round table?
S-37 How many arrangements of the letters of PAKPATTAN taken all together can be made?
S-38 How many words can be formed from the letters of ‘OBJECTIVE’ using all letters,
without repeating any one?
S-39 How many arrangements of the letters of word “PAKISTAN” taken all together can be
made?
S-40 How many arrangements can be formed from the letters of the word MATHEMATICS?
S-41 How many permutations of the letters of the word PANAMA can be made if P is to be the
first letter in each arrangement?
S-42 Find the number of ways in which 5 men and 5 women can be seated at round table in
such a way that no two persons of the same sex sit together.
S-43 In how many ways can 4 keys be arranged on a circular key ring?
S-44 How many necklaces can be made from 6 beads of different colors?
S-45 Prove that nCr = nCn-r
S-46 If nC8 = nC12, then find value of n.
S-47 Find the number of the diagonals of a 6 sided figure.
S-48 Evaluate 20C3
S-49 Evaluate 12C3
S-50 Evaluate 20C17
S-51 Find the value of n if nC4 = nC5
S-52 Find the value of n if nC9 = nC8
S-53 Find the value of n when nC2 = 21
n 12×11
C 10=
S-54 If 2 , find the value of n.
S-55 Find the value of n if nC12 = nC6
S-56 How many diagonals can be formed by joining the vertices of the polygon having 5 sides?
S-57 How many triangles can be formed by joining the vertices of 5 sided figure?
S-58 How many triangles can be formed by joining the vertices of the polygon having 12 sides?
S-59 Find the value of n and r when nCr = 35 and nPr = 210
S-60 In how many ways can a hockey team of 11 players be selected out of 15 players?
S-61 Show that 16C11 + 16C10 = 17C11
S-62 A die is rolled. What is the probability that the dots on the top are greater than 4?
S-63 What is the probability that a slip of numbers divisible by 4 is picked from the slips
bearing numbers 1, 2, 3, …, 10 ?
S-64 Pakistan and India play a cricket match. Find the probability that Pakistan wins.
S-65 There are 5 green and 3 red balls in a box, one ball is taken out. What is probability that
the ball is green?
S-66 A die is rolled. Find the probability that the top shows 3 or 4 dots.
S-67 A fair coin is tossed three times. Find the probability that it shows one tail.
S-68 A fair coin is tossed three times. What is the probability that no head appears.
S-69 A coin is tossed twice. What is the probability of getting at least one head?
S-70 A die is thrown. What is the probability that the number is prime?
S-71 Form a box containing slips numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, one slip is picked up. What is the
probability that number on the slip is a prime number?
S-72 One chit out of 30 containing the names of 30 students of a class of 18 boys and 12 girls is
taken out at random for nomination as monitor. What is the probability that the monitor is
a boy?
S-73 A die is thrown. Find probabilities of the events happening 2 heads and 2 tails.
S-74 A die is thrown. Find the probability that the dots on top are prime numbers or odd
numbers.
S-75 If {1, 2, 3, …, 9} is the sample space and A = {2, 4, 6, 8}, then find P(A).
S-76 If a sample space = {1, 2, 3, …, 9}and event A = {2, 4, 6, 8} and B = {1, 3, 5} find
P(AUB).
S-77 A box contains 10 red, 30 white and 20 black marbles. A marble is drawn at random. Find
the probability that it is either red or white.
S-78 A card is drawn from a deck of 52 playing cards. What is the probability that it is a
diamond card or an ace?
S-79 A die is thrown twice. What is the probability that the sum of the number of dots shown is
3 or 11?

S-80 If A and B are independent events and , find P(A  B)

S-81 Determine the probability of getting 2 heads in two successive tosses of a balanced coin.
S-82