SUBJECT TEST 1 - PHYSICS MARK

GRADE 12 TOTAL
EXAMINER Mr Hilder
MODERATOR Mrs Govender
DATE 09 February 2023
MARKS 50
DURATION 45 minutes

LEARNER NAME: MEMO

PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY

1. This question paper consists of 8 pages and a Data Sheet of 2 pages. Please check that
your question paper is complete.
2. Read the questions carefully.
3. Answer ALL the questions on the question paper and hand it in at the end of the
assessment. Remember to write your name and surname in the space provided above.
4. Use the data and formulae sheet whenever necessary.
5. Show your working in all calculations.
6. Units need not be included in the working of calculations, but appropriate units should be
shown in the answer.
7. Answers must be expressed in decimal format, not left as proper fractions.
8. Where appropriate, express answers to TWO decimal places.
9. It is in your own interest to write legibly and to present your work neatly.
10. A blank page and axis is included at the end of the paper (page 8). If you run out of space
for a question, use this page. Clearly indicate the question number of your answer should
you use this extra space.

FOR OFFICE USE ONLY: MARKER TO ENTER MARKS

Question 1 2 3 4 Total

Mark

Moderated Mark

Question Total 4 13 19 14 50

Comment:
ST BENEDICT’S COLLEGE PHYSICAL SCIENCE

QUESTION 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 4 MARKS

Answer these questions on the multiple-choice answer sheet below. Make a cross (X)
in the box corresponding to the letter that you consider to be correct.

A B C D Here the option C has been marked as an example

1.1 A B C D

1.2 A B C D

1.1 A bullet of mass m strikes a target at 3v. Which of the circumstances below will the
bullet experience the greatest and least impulse? (2)

Greatest Least

A When the bullet rebounds at 2v. When the bullet stops in the target.

B When the bullet exits the target at 2v. When the bullet rebounds at 2v.

C When the bullet stops in the target. When the bullet rebounds at 2v.

D When the bullet rebounds at 2v. When the bullet exits the target at 2v.

REASON: 𝐽𝐽 = Δ𝑝𝑝 = 𝑚𝑚�𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 − 𝑣𝑣𝑖𝑖 � [for all options 𝑣𝑣𝑖𝑖 = 3𝑣𝑣]

rebound at 2𝑣𝑣 � 𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 = −2𝑣𝑣� ∴ 𝑚𝑚(−2𝑣𝑣 − 3𝑣𝑣) = −5𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 (𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔)
exits at 2𝑣𝑣 (𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 = 2𝑣𝑣) ∴ 𝑚𝑚(2𝑣𝑣 − 3𝑣𝑣) = −1𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 (𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙)
stops (𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 = 0𝑣𝑣) ∴ 𝑚𝑚(0𝑣𝑣 − 3𝑣𝑣) = −3𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
1.2 Two blocks slide across a frictionless surface. The smaller block is traveling at double
the velocity of the larger block. The larger block has a mass triple that of the small
block. When the blocks collide they stick together.

What is the velocity of the two blocks after the collision. (2)
v
A 2
REASON:
5v
B 𝑚𝑚 2𝑣𝑣 + 3𝑚𝑚 𝑣𝑣 = 𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 (𝑚𝑚 + 3𝑚𝑚)
4

C v 5𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 4𝑚𝑚

4v 5𝑚𝑚𝑣𝑣 5𝑣𝑣
D 5
= 𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 ∴
4𝑚𝑚 4

GRADE 12 2 of 8 TEST 1 - PHYSICS

ST BENEDICT’S COLLEGE PHYSICAL SCIENCE

QUESTION 2 SLOPE 13 MARKS

A box with a mass of 15 kg is at rest at the top of a rough slope inclined at 30° to the
horizontal. The box is released from rest and travels down the slope a vertical height
of 8 m. When the box reaches the bottom of the slope it has a velocity of 12 m.s-1.

2.1 State the work-energy theorem. (2)

The work done by a net force on an object is equal to the change in the kinetic

energy of the object

2.2 Calculate the potential energy of the box at the top of the slope. (3)

𝐸𝐸𝑝𝑝 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚ℎ
𝐸𝐸𝑝𝑝 = (15)(9,8)(8)

𝐸𝐸𝑝𝑝 = 1176 𝐽𝐽

2.3 Calculate the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the cart as it moves down
the slope. (5)

ℎ 8 𝑊𝑊𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = Δ𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘 
Δ𝑥𝑥 = = = 16𝑚𝑚
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 sin(30°)
1 1
𝑊𝑊𝐹𝐹𝑔𝑔 + 𝑊𝑊𝑓𝑓  = 𝑚𝑚𝑣𝑣 2 − 𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑢2
2 2
alternative:
ℎ 1 1
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚ℎ + 𝐹𝐹𝑓𝑓 � � = 𝑚𝑚𝑣𝑣 2 𝐸𝐸𝑝𝑝 + 𝐹𝐹𝑓𝑓 Δx = 𝑚𝑚𝑣𝑣 2
sin(𝜃𝜃) 2 2
8 1
(15)(9,8)(8) + 𝐹𝐹𝑓𝑓 � � = (15)(122 )
sin(30°) 2 1
1176 + 16 𝐹𝐹𝑓𝑓 = (15)(122 )
______________________________________ 2
OR 𝑣𝑣 2 = 𝑢𝑢2 + 2𝑎𝑎Δ𝑥𝑥  16 𝐹𝐹𝑓𝑓 = 1080 − 1176
122 = 2𝑎𝑎(16)
144
= 𝑎𝑎 = 4,5𝑚𝑚. 𝑠𝑠 −2 
32 −96
𝐹𝐹𝑓𝑓 =
𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝐹𝐹𝑔𝑔∥ + 𝐹𝐹𝑓𝑓 16
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 sin 𝜃𝜃 + 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
(15)(9,8) sin(30°) + 𝐹𝐹𝑓𝑓 = (15)(4,5)
𝐹𝐹𝑓𝑓 = −6 𝑁𝑁 or just 6𝑁𝑁
67,5  + 𝐹𝐹 𝑓𝑓 
= 73,5
𝐹𝐹𝑓𝑓 = −6𝑁𝑁 

GRADE 12 3 of 8 TEST 1 - PHYSICS

ST BENEDICT’S COLLEGE PHYSICAL SCIENCE

2.4 Explain how the net work done on the block would be affected if the length
of the slope remained the same but its angle is decreased to 15°. (3)

Work done by gravity (𝐸𝐸𝑝𝑝 ) will decrease. ( 𝑊𝑊𝑝𝑝 ∝ ℎ ) .

Work done by friction will increase as( 𝑊𝑊𝑓𝑓 ∝ 𝐹𝐹𝑁𝑁 )

Work down the slope will decrease and work up the slope will increase.

∴ the net work (𝑊𝑊𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 ) will be less.

QUESTION 3 TROLLEYS 19 MARKS

Two trolleys are moving towards each another on a frictionless track.

Trolley A (6 kg) is travelling east at an unknown velocity (uA).
Trolley B (12 kg) is moving west at 10 m.s-1 (uB)
When they collide the trolleys stick together, while moving west, at a velocity of 2 m.s-1 .

3.1 Determine the velocity of trolley A before the collision. (4)

𝒑𝒑𝒊𝒊 = 𝒑𝒑𝒇𝒇 
𝒎𝒎𝑨𝑨 𝒖𝒖𝑨𝑨 + 𝒎𝒎𝑩𝑩 𝒗𝒗𝑩𝑩 = 𝒗𝒗𝒇𝒇 (𝒎𝒎𝑨𝑨 + 𝒎𝒎𝑩𝑩 )
𝟔𝟔𝒖𝒖𝑨𝑨 + (𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏)(−𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏) = (−𝟐𝟐)(𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏)
𝟔𝟔𝒖𝒖𝑨𝑨 = −𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 + 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖
𝒖𝒖𝑨𝑨 =
𝟔𝟔
𝒖𝒖𝑨𝑨 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒎𝒎. 𝒔𝒔−𝟏𝟏  east

GRADE 12 4 of 8 TEST 1 - PHYSICS

ST BENEDICT’S COLLEGE PHYSICAL SCIENCE

3.2 Which block, experiences the greater change in momentum during the collision? Circle:
Trolley A, Trolley B, or NEITHER. (1)
3.3 Explain your answer to QUESTION 3.2. (2)

They both experience the same magnitude of change in momentum.

due to the law of conservation of momentum

3.4 State Newton’s Second Law in terms of momentum. (2)

The net force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum
The collision between the trolleys occurred over a period of 0,2 seconds.

3.5 Determine the net force that Trolley B exerted onto Trolley A during
the collision. (3)

Δ𝑝𝑝 Δ𝑝𝑝
Fnet = Fnet =
Δ𝑡𝑡 Δ𝑡𝑡
𝑚𝑚𝐴𝐴 (𝑣𝑣𝐴𝐴 − 𝑢𝑢𝐴𝐴 )
𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑡𝑡𝐴𝐴 =  𝑚𝑚𝐵𝐵 (𝑣𝑣𝐵𝐵 − 𝑢𝑢𝐵𝐵 )
Δ𝑡𝑡 𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑡𝑡𝐵𝐵 =
Δ𝑡𝑡
6(−2 − 14)
𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = (c. o. e − 3.1) 12�−2 − (−10)�
0,2 𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝐵𝐵 =
0,2
6(−16)
𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = 12(8)
0,2 𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑡𝑡𝐵𝐵 =
0,2
𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = −480𝑁𝑁 𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝐵𝐵 = 480𝑁𝑁
∴ T𝐵𝐵 exerted a force of 480N west  onto T𝐴𝐴

3.6 Which trolley, experiences the greater acceleration during the collision?
Circle: Trolley A, Trolley B, or Neither. (1)
3.7 Provide a brief explanation for your answer to QUESTION 3.6 (2)

1
Equal force but the mass of A is lower than B  and 𝑎𝑎 ∝ 𝑚𝑚.

3.8 Was the collision between the trolley’s elastic or inelastic? Show all calculations. (4)

1 1 1
𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘𝑖𝑖 = 𝑚𝑚𝐴𝐴 𝑢𝑢𝐴𝐴2 + 𝑚𝑚𝐵𝐵 𝑢𝑢𝐵𝐵2  𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘𝑓𝑓 = 𝑚𝑚 𝑣𝑣 2
2 2 2 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
1
1 1 𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘𝑓𝑓 = (18)(−22 )
𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘𝑖𝑖 = (6)(𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏2 ) + (12)(−102 ) (c. o. e − 3.1) 2
2 2
𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘𝑖𝑖 = 558 + 600 𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘𝑓𝑓 = 36 𝐽𝐽

𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘𝑖𝑖 = 1188 𝐽𝐽 ∴ Eki ≠EkF so inelastic

GRADE 12 5 of 8 TEST 1 - PHYSICS

ST BENEDICT’S COLLEGE PHYSICAL SCIENCE

QUESTION 4 ARROW AND BLOCK 14 MARKS

An arrow (mass 0,1 kg) is shot at a velocity of 55 m.s-1 into a block of ballistic gel* (mass
5kg) on a pivot, that allows it to swing upwards to an angle 𝜃𝜃 and height h.
* Ballistic gelatine is a testing medium designed to simulate the effects of bullet wounds in
animal muscle tissue.

(Diagram not to scale)

The arrow takes 0,05 s to come to rest in the ballistic gel.

4.1 Determine the height h reached by the arrow and ballistic gel after they collide. (5)

𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜. 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚ℎ 𝐸𝐸

𝐸𝐸𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑖 = 𝐸𝐸𝑚𝑚𝑓𝑓 
𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑢𝑎𝑎 + 𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑢𝑏𝑏 = 𝑣𝑣(𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎 + 𝑚𝑚𝑏𝑏 )
1 1
𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑢2 + 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚ℎ𝑖𝑖 = 𝑚𝑚𝑣𝑣 2 + 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚ℎ
(0,1)(55) + 0 = 𝑣𝑣(0,1 + 5) 2 2
1
(5,1)(1,078) + 0 = 0 + (5,1)(9,8)ℎ
5,5 = 5,1𝑣𝑣 2
2,7489 = 49,98 ℎ
𝑣𝑣 = 1,078 𝑚𝑚. 𝑠𝑠 −1  0,055 = ℎ

∴ 𝟎𝟎, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒎

(if velocity not calculated no marks
awarded)

4.2 Calculate the impulse imparted on the gel by the arrow. (3)

𝐽𝐽 = Δ𝑝𝑝 𝐽𝐽 = Δ𝑝𝑝

𝐽𝐽 = 𝑚𝑚(𝑣𝑣 − 𝑢𝑢) 𝐽𝐽 = 𝑚𝑚(𝑣𝑣 − 𝑢𝑢)

𝐽𝐽 = 0,1(1,078 − 55) 𝐽𝐽 = 5(1,078 − 0)
𝑱𝑱 = −𝟓𝟓, 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝑵𝑵. 𝒔𝒔 𝑱𝑱 = 𝟓𝟓, 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝑵𝑵. 𝒔𝒔
∴ 5,39 N.s backward ∴ 5,39 N.s backward

GRADE 12 6 of 8 TEST 1 - PHYSICS

ST BENEDICT’S COLLEGE PHYSICAL SCIENCE

The ballistic gel is now replaced by a block of wood with the same mass. The arrow
comes to rest in the wood, in a shorter time compared to the ballistic gel.
4.3 Which block exerted a greater force on the arrow, the ballistic gel or the block
of wood? Use an equation to explain your answer. (3)

The change in momentum remains the same in both cases.𝐽𝐽 ∝ Δ𝑝𝑝

1
But the time is less for the wood this leads to greater force being applied (𝐹𝐹 ∝ Δ𝑡𝑡)

The wood would exert the greater force. 

The wooden block is then replaced by a block of steel also with a mass of 5 kg. The
arrow is unable to pierce the steel and bounces off and travels in the opposite direction
to its initial velocity. Assume that the time remains constant in both scenarios
4.4 Discuss how the height reached by the steel block compares with the height reached
by the ballistics gel and arrow in QUESTION 4.1. (3)

Change in momentum is greater for steel compared to wood due to the

greater Δ𝑣𝑣 of arrow.
(Δ𝑝𝑝 = 𝑚𝑚Δ𝑣𝑣 |𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜| Δp ∝ Δv)

A greater change in momentum means more force:

Δ𝑝𝑝
(Δ𝑝𝑝 ∝ 𝐹𝐹 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝐹𝐹𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = 𝑡𝑡
)

More force means more acceleration as 𝐹𝐹 ∝ 𝑎𝑎

A greater acceleration means a greater velocity and (↑ 𝑣𝑣 ∝ 𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 ↑ ∴ ↑ 𝐸𝐸𝑚𝑚 ∴ ↑ 𝐸𝐸𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 ) 

The greater initial mechanical energy means the final 𝐸𝐸𝑃𝑃 will be greater and thus

H will increase. (𝐸𝐸𝑝𝑝 & 𝐸𝐸𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ∝ ℎ) 

(𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 > 𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 →∴ ↑> 𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘&𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑒𝑒𝑙𝑙 → ↑ ℎ)

(Link between 𝑣𝑣, 𝐸𝐸𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐸𝐸𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 must be made to be awarded mark)
1
→ also, mass of the objects together is less so (𝐸𝐸𝑝𝑝 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚ℎ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚 ∝ ℎ) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ℎ ↑

Acknowledgements: St Benedict’s, Physics Test 1, 2021.

IeBT Grade 11, Physical Science, 2019

IEB Physical Science Paper I, 2022

END OF ASSESSMENT

GRADE 12 7 of 8 TEST 1 - PHYSICS

ST BENEDICT’S COLLEGE PHYSICAL SCIENCE

MARKING NOTES

GRADE 12 8 of 8 TEST 1 - PHYSICS