Practice Exam With Answers
Practice Exam With Answers
These are the type of questions that will be asked during the exam. This is just a sample, so you
know what to expect. There will be three types of questions – multiple choice, open ended, and
calculation questions. The real exam will have substantially more questions in each category.
Multiple choice.
Select the correct answer(s). More than one option may be selected. (sample questions)
2. GTC includes:
a) monetary costs only
b) variable costs only
c) monetary and non-monetary costs
d) costs of maintenance and repairs
e) public costs
3. VOT:
a) is independent of the region
b) depends on e.g., income, trip purpose, region
c) depends on the mode only
d) means total travel time ‘en route’
e) is independent of income and only varies by region
2) A city wants to turn one of the car lanes into an exclusive bike lane. Draft the conceptual
model for the direct and indirect impacts of this policy on accessibility. Add a short paragraph
describing all boxes and arrows. Remember to indicate, where possible, whether the impact is
positive or negative.
(Drawing a conceptual model is explained in detail in lecture video in 3.2 and text book chapter
2).
1
3) What is optimal allocation of consumptive expenditures in transportation context? Give 1
example of variable that may need to be optimized and 2 possible constraints.
(Textbook chapter 3 + lecture 3 slides)
4) How is mobility behavior related to well-being? Explain the direction(s) of impact with two
examples.
1. Assume that passenger car use on motorways is growing by 2% per year. Use the table below
to calculate the number of kilometers driven on motorways in 2025.
2020 2025
(in billion) (in billion)
130 km/h 20
120 km/h 15
100 km/h 40
Answer:
2020 2025
(in billion) (in billion)
130 km/h 20 22.1
120 km/h 15 16.6
100 km/h 40 44.2
2. What impact will the reduction of speed limits have on accessibility to jobs in the
Netherlands?
Assume that the average speed limit in the reference case is 85km/h and after the intervention
the speed will be 80km/h. Assume detour factor 1.5 and the distance decay of -1. Assume that
there are 290,520 jobs in Groningen and 302,460 jobs in Leeuwarden.
2a) Using the information from the table below, calculate the potential accessibility for selected
municipalities and cities.
2b) Interpret the results.
2c) Name one disadvantage of this accessibility measure.
2
Answers:
Distance corrected
Reference Euclidian distance (km) (km) Travel time (h) Potential accessibility
Municipality Adam Rdam Adam Rdam Adam Rdam Adam Rdam
Groningen 147 202 221 303 2.6 3.6 ~111,738 ~80,700
Leeuwarden 111 168 167 252 2.0 3.0 ~151,230 ~100,820
total 262968 181,520
0.6 0.4
Distance corrected
Scenario Euclidian distance (km) (km) Travel time (h) Potential accessibility
Gemeente Adam Rdam Adam Rdam Adam Rdam Adam Rdam
Groningen 147 202 221 303 2.8 3.8 ~103,757 ~76,453
Leeuwarden 111 168 167 252 2.1 3.2 ~144,029 ~94,519
total 247,786 170,972
0.6 0.4
The ratios of potential accessibility from Amsterdam and Rotterdam remained unchanged (at
0.6 and 0.4 respectively), however the accessibility in absolute numbers decreased for both
Amsterdam and Rotterdam.
NOTE that depends on how you approximate the intermediate numbers, you may get slightly
different final values therefore indicate how you perform intermediate calculations.