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SS Notes 002

The document provides notes for Class VI Social Science on the topic of Oceans and Continents. It includes definitions of key terms, descriptions of oceans and continents, differences between marine flora and fauna, and the significance of oceans and continents in relation to life on Earth. Additionally, it covers the Indian Antarctica Programme and the impact of oceans on climate and human history.

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Mohammed ABDUL RAHMAN
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33 views2 pages

SS Notes 002

The document provides notes for Class VI Social Science on the topic of Oceans and Continents. It includes definitions of key terms, descriptions of oceans and continents, differences between marine flora and fauna, and the significance of oceans and continents in relation to life on Earth. Additionally, it covers the Indian Antarctica Programme and the impact of oceans on climate and human history.

Uploaded by

Mohammed ABDUL RAHMAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IISD MIDDLE SECTION 2025-26

CLASS VI - SOCIAL SCIENCE NOTES

CHAPTER 2: OCEANS AND CONTINENTS

I. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING (1 MARK EACH)

1. Landmass -A large body of land is called a landmass.


2.Bay - A broad inlet of the sea where the land curves inwards.

3.Marine: Related to or found in the oceans and seas.

4.Sea - A large body of salty water that is smaller than an ocean and partly or
completely surrounded by land.

5.Gulf - A part of the sea nearly surrounded with land.

6.Tsunami -Tsunami is a huge and powerful wave generally caused by a strong


earthquake or a volcanic eruption at the bottom of the ocean.
7.Island-A smaller piece of land surrounded by water on all sides are called islands.

II. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING

1.What are oceans and continents? What are their names? (3M)
• The largest water bodies on Earth are called oceans. There are five Oceans.
They are: - the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the
Arctic Ocean, and the Southern (or Antarctic) Ocean.
• A large, continuous expanse of land is called a continent. There are seven
continents. They are: - Asia, Africa, North America, South America,
Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.
2. Differentiate between marine flora and marine fauna. (2m)
• Marine flora: The marine flora includes tiny plants called algae and all
kinds of seaweeds.
• Marine fauna: The marine fauna consists of thousands of species of
colourful fish, dolphins, whales, and countless mysterious deep-sea
creatures.
3. What are the main limits of the Indian Ocean? What are the two parts of
the Indian Ocean located on either side of India? (2m)
• The main limits of the Indian Ocean are Asia to the north, Africa to the west,
Australia to the east and the Southern Ocean in the south.
• Two parts of the Indian Ocean on either side of India are-the Arabian Sea to
the west and the Bay of Bengal to the east.
4. Explain the connection between clouds and monsoon rain in India. (2m)
• Large masses of clouds bring rain to the continents.
• Every summer, Indians expect monsoon rains that originate in the ocean.
Without these rains, agriculture and all life would suffer.
5. What are the two major groups of islands in India? (1m)
Ans: The two major groups of islands are:
• Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal.
• Lakshadweep Islands in the Arabian Sea.
6.What are the achievements of the Indian Antarctica Programme? (3m)
• The Indian Antarctica Programme began in 1981 to explore the climate and
environment of Antarctica.
• India established its first scientific base station, Dakshin Gangotri, in 1983.
• The settlement for scientists in Antarctica has facilities like a library and
even a post office.

7. How do oceans and continents affect life on Earth? (4m)


• Oceans in the Water Cycle: Oceans send rain to continents as part of the
Earth’s water cycle. Without oceans, the Earth would be a desert.
• Oxygen Production: More than half of the world’s oxygen is produced by
marine flora like algae. Thus, it is called "the planet's lungs."
• Climate Regulation: Oceans play a crucial role in regulating the Earth’s
climate and sustaining life.
• Historical Impact: Oceans have enabled migration, trade, military
campaigns, and fishing, deeply influencing human history and culture.

III. GIVE REASON (1 MARK EACH)


1.The early astronauts lovingly called the Earth the ‘blue planet’.
Almost three-fourths of the Earth surface is covered with water, making it appear
blue from space.

2. ‘Continents are not considered as islands’


Continents are also surrounded by water, but they are so large that they are not
considered islands.

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