OM PUBLIC SCHOOL ,GOHANA

Chapter 1: Resources and Development

1. Which one of the following types of resources is iron ore?
A) Renewable B) Biotic C) Flow D) Non-renewable
2. Which one of the following is NOT a biotic resource?
A) Flora B) Fauna C) Minerals D) Human beings
3. Resources which are surveyed and their quantity and quality have been determined for utilization are known as:
A) Stock B) Potential resources C) Developed resources D) Reserves
4. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
A) Coal B) Petroleum C) Solar energy D) Natural gas
5. The Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit of 1992 addressed which key issue?
A) Development of nuclear weapons B) Conservation of petroleum resources
C) Global climatic change and biological diversity D) Spread of communicable diseases
6. Land degradation due to over-irrigation leads to:
A) Soil erosion B) Desertification C) Waterlogging and salinity D) Deforestation
7. Which method is used to prevent soil erosion on steep slopes?
A) Strip cropping B) Shelter belts C) Contour ploughing D) Terrace farming
8. What is the percentage of plains in India’s total land area?
A) 30% B) 43% C) 23% D) 75%
9. Which of the following states has made a significant contribution in afforestation through the ‘Beej Bachao
Andolan’?
A) Rajasthan B) Uttarakhand C) Tamil Nadu D) Gujarat
10. Which of the following is NOT a measure to conserve land resources?
A) Afforestation B) Overgrazing C) Land reclamation D) Regulated use of chemical fertilizers
11. Which of the following is an example of a potential resource?
A) Coal in Jharia B) Water in rivers C) Wind energy in Rajasthan D) Iron ore in Chhattisgarh
12. Which soil is ideal for growing cotton?
A) Red soil B) Alluvial soil C) Black soil D) Laterite soil
13. Which of the following is a measure for sustainable development?
A) Use of chemical pesticides B) Overuse of groundwater
C) Deforestation D) Use of renewable energy resources
14. Which type of soil is formed due to the intense leaching in areas of heavy rainfall?
A) Alluvial soil B) Black soil C) Red soil D) Laterite soil
15. Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
A) Overgrazing B) Over-irrigation C) Deforestation D) Industrial effluents
16. Which one of the following methods is used to conserve soil in arid regions?
A) Terrace farming B) Contour ploughing C) Shelter belts D) Strip cropping
17. What percentage of India's geographical area is mountain ?
A) 20% B) 30% C) 43% D) 50%
18. Resources that are found in a region but have not been utilized are called:
A) Reserve resources B) Stock C) Potential resources D) Actual resources
19. The resources that are surveyed but cannot be used due to lack of technology are called:
A) Potential resources B) Developed resources C) Stock D) Reserves
20. Soil erosion caused by running water is known as:
A) Wind erosion B) Gully erosion C) Sheet erosion D) Both B and C
Assertion & Reason questions
A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C) A is true, but R is false. D) A is false, but R is true.
21.Assertion (A): Black soil is ideal for growing cotton.
Reason (R): Black soil retains moisture and becomes sticky when wet.
22.Assertion (A): Land is a resource of utmost importance.
Reason (R): Land supports natural vegetation, wildlife, human life, and activities.
23.Assertion (A): Laterite soil is highly fertile.
Reason (R): Laterite soil is rich in organic matter.
24.Assertion (A): Overgrazing is one of the major causes of land degradation.
Reason (R): Overgrazing leads to soil compaction and reduces vegetation cover.
✅ Case-Based MCQs
Read the following case study and answer the questions that follow:
Case Study:
India has a vast and diverse geography, with mountains, plateaus, plains, and coastal regions. However, increasing
demand on land has led to serious problems like land degradation. According to reports, nearly 130 million hectares of
land are degraded. The main reasons include deforestation, overgrazing, over-irrigation, and industrial effluents.
Several states like Punjab and Haryana face degradation due to over-irrigation, while Gujarat and Rajasthan suffer due
to overgrazing.
25. What is the total degraded land in India approximately?
A) 50 million hectares B) 100 million hectares C) 130 million hectares D) 200 million hectares
26. What is the main reason for land degradation in Gujarat and Rajasthan?
A) Over-irrigation B) Deforestation C) Mining D) Overgrazing
27. Which of the following can help to reduce land degradation?
A) Excessive fertilizer use B) Plantation of trees C) Excessive irrigation D) Chemical pesticides
28. Which states are affected by land degradation due to over-irrigation?
A) Gujarat and Rajasthan B) Punjab and Haryana C) Kerala and Tamil Nadu D) Odisha and Bihar
29. Who classified resources as natural and human resources?
A) United Nations B) World Bank C) Economists D) Geographers
30. Which of the following helps in soil conservation in hilly areas?
A) Shelter belts B) Terrace farming C) Strip cropping D) Crop rotation
31. Which of the following is the main cause for resource depletion?
A) Sustainable use B) Judicious planning C) Greedy and indiscriminate use D) Population control
32. The term ‘regeneration’ is associated with which type of resources?
A) Human-made B) Non-renewable C) Renewable D) Exhaustible
33. Which of the following statements is true regarding laterite soil?
A) Rich in humus B) Rich in iron oxide C) Suitable for rice D) Found in deserts
34.Which of the following practices leads to land degradation?
A) Crop rotation B) Organic farming C) Excessive irrigation D) Contour ploughing
35. Which of the following is an example of community-owned resource?
A) Private plot B) River C) Grazing land in a village D) Forest reserve
36. Which among the following is not a measure of soil conservation?
A) Contour ploughing B) Strip cropping C) Deforestation D) Afforestation
Ch.2 Forest and Wildlife Resources
1. Which one of the following statements is not true regarding forest conservation?
(a) Forests regulate climate. (b) Forests check soil erosion (c) Forests cause droughts (d) Forests increase rainfall
2. Which animal is classified as “critically endangered” in India?
(a) Asiatic Lion (b) Snow Leopard (c) Forest Spotted Owl (d) Nilgiri Tahr
3. What is the main objective of Project Tiger?
(a) Tourism promotion (b) Protection of tigers and their habitat
(c) Plantation of trees (d) Rainwater harvesting
4. Which of the following is a protected area where wildlife can live without disturbance by human activity?
(a) Sacred grove (b) National park
(c) Agricultural land (d) Industrial zone
5. A species no longer found in the wild but surviving in captivity is called:
(a) Endangered (b) Rare (c) Extinct in the wild (d) Vulnerable
6. How much of India's land area should ideally be under forest cover, as per the National Forest Policy?
(a) 20% (b) 25% (c) 33% (d) 40%
7. Which of the following movements began in the Reni village of Garhwal?
(a) Narmada Bachao Andolan (b) Chipko Movement
(c) Jungle Bachao Andolan (d) Silent Valley Movement
8. Sacred groves are found mostly in:
(a) Urban areas (b) Industrial towns (c) Tribal regions (d) Plains
9. Which act provides legal protection to wildlife in India?
(a) Environment Protection Act (b) Biodiversity Act (c) Wildlife Protection Act (d) Forest Conservation Act
10. What role do forest fringe communities play in conservation?
(a) They cause deforestation (b) They help in sustainable management
(c) They promote mining (d) None of the above
11. The term “vulnerable” species refers to:
(a) Common species (b) Highly threatened species
(c) Species likely to move into endangered category (d) Extinct species
12. Which Indian community is known for protecting blackbucks and nature?
(a) Bhils (b) Bishnois (c) Nagas (d) Gonds
13. Which of the following is not a function of forests?
(a) Absorbing carbon dioxide (b) Reducing rainfall
(c) Maintaining biodiversity (d) Checking soil erosion
14. Which state in India has the highest permanent forest cover by percentage?
(a) Madhya Pradesh (b) Arunachal Pradesh (c) Chhattisgarh (d) Mizoram
15. The Forest and Wildlife Resources chapter comes under which main theme of Geography?
(a) Population and Resources (b) Resources and Development
(c) Agriculture and Economy (d) Natural Hazards
16. Which of the following is not a part of the five major categories of existing plants and animal species?
(a) Normal (b) Endangered (c) Extinct (d) Deforested
17 Which of the following statements is correct about the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972?
(a) It allows hunting in forests (b) It ensures the protection of endangered species
(c) It was abolished in 2002 (d) It discourages biodiversity conservation.
18. Which schedule of the Wildlife Protection Act includes the most protected species?
(a) Schedule I (b) Schedule II (c) Schedule III (d) Schedule V
19. How many biodiversity hotspots are there globally, and how many are found in India?
(a) 40 global, 4 in India (b) 36 global, 4 in India
(c) 25 global, 3 in India (d) 18 global, 2 in India
20. Which of the following is not a man-made cause of biodiversity loss?
(a) Hunting (b) Forest fires (c) Mining (d) EaEarthquas
21. The Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme started in which year?
(a) 1980 (b) 1985 (c) 1988 (d) 1996
22. Which animal species can be found in the Sunderban Delta?
(a) Snow leopard (b) Bengal tiger (c) Asiatic lion (d) Wild ass.