Realistic Power System Simulations

in IEC 61850
applications, different interfaces to relays and
new tools to prove performances
Andrea Bonetti – FMTP POWER AB [email protected]

SEMINAR | May 11th, 2017

IEC 61850 for Power System Automation (SA)
2
NON REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS
3
REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS…
What does Real-Time mean for the protection engineers? 4
REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS…
What does Real-Time mean for the protection engineers? 5

The protection relay takes the

decision during the power
system TRANSIENT!

VERY LITTLE TIME AND VERY

LITTLE AMOUNT OF
INFORMATION, NO MATTER
HOW FAST WE SAMPLE THE
SYSTEM!
REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS…
What does Real-Time mean for the protection engineers? 6

The Pre-fault information can

help sometimes..

From pre-fault information

we can understand several
situations like Switch Onto
Fault, Direction of the fault…
REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS…
What does Real-Time mean for the protection engineers? 7

The post-faut information

only help for post-fault
analysis…

The decision has already

been taken!
 REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS…
What does Real-Time mean for the protection engineers? 8

The protection relay takes the decision during the power system TRANSIENT!

Harmonics during fault, from IEC 60255-121

REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS…
What does Real-Time mean for the protection engineers? 9
HOW CAN WE BE CONFIDENT ABOUT OUR TEST RESULTS?
10
 Simulated Merging Unit
HOW CAN WE BE CONFIDENT ABOUT OUR TEST RESULTS?
Merging
Unit 1

TOOL COMPLEXITY INCREASES

WHEN RELAY COMPLEXITY INCREASES
(in order to achieve a better DEPENADBILITY AND SECURITY)

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 WHAT ABOUT IEC 61850?

Most sensitive items for the protection engineers are:

- Protection scheme signals (trip, block, acceleration)

- Analog measurement (CTs, VTs, A/D conversion etc)

The IEC 61850 standard touches all of them!

12
SHOULD I JUST BE SCARED ABOUT ALL OF THIS ?

13
WE HAVE SOME IMPORTANT COMMITTEES AND STANDARDS

14
TC 95 - MT4
TC 38
”NEW” Formats for Merging Unit data, from TC 38

Approved May 2016

”LE” - PROT

”LE” - PQ
”LE” - PQ
Relay performances (example for IEC 60255-121) from TC 95 – MT4
Relay performances and IEC 61850 GOOSE
 Standardized and realistic tests

SIR Diagrams are the result of standardized realistic network simulation tests

Power system simulations are expected to be used for performing these tests.
Simplified software tools are appearing on the market based on the test definitions of the
Standard.
Standardized and realistic tests

HIL:
Hardware In order to perform these tests
in the Loop
a real time power system simulator is
required, which can simulate the behavior
of the remote relay(s) and circuit
breaker(s), and also to simulate the power
system on the direct behavior of the relay
under tests
(operation for only one phase, operation for all
the phases for instance).
Hardware in the Loop (IEC 61850 Technology)
Simulated Merging Unit

Power Merging
Conventional Unit 1
Relay under test System
Model

VT/CT secondary I +/- 16 V Analog

and U signals
AMP
Analog signa

Relay response Amplifier

(Trip, Start, Trip
L1, L2 or L3…)

Relay Operation
affects the Power
System simulation!
Hardware in the Loop (IEC 61850 Technology)
Simulated Merging Unit

Merging
IEC 61850 Relay Power System Unit 1
under test Model

Sampled Values (SV) Data Stream

Analog signa

Amplifier
Relay response (GOOSE)
(Trip, Start, Trip L1, L2 or L3…)
Relay Operation
affects the Power
System simulation!
Hardware in the Loop (IEC 61850 Technology)
Simulated Merging Unit

Merging
IEC 61850 Relay Power System Unit 1
under test Model
SAMU
(under test?)
Sampled Values
(SV) Data Stream VT/CT secondary I
and U
AMP
Analog signa

Amplifier
Relay response (GOOSE)
(Trip, Start, Trip L1, L2 or L3…)

Relay Operation
affects the Power
System simulation!
Hardware in the Loop (IEC 61850 Technology)
 Are we testing “the same thing”?

All the A/D conversion chain of the relay is included in The “A/D conversion chain” is in the MU that
the test. must be simulated in the Simulator!
Models to be created.
CT/VT behavior is simulated in the Simulator. We have
reasonable models for them.
 Are we testing “the same thing”?

All the A/D conversion chain of the relay is included in The A/D conversion chain” is in the SAMU.
the test. Each SAMU is a different SAMU (transient
performances  TC 38)?
CT/VT behavior is simulated in the Simulator. We have
reasonable models for them.
How do we handle Process Bus at IEC 60255-1xx level?
 We need new tools

Should similar tests with missing samples or “´wrong order samples” be a mandatory part of the relay type tests?
CONCLUSIONS
 31

THE TECHNOLOGY IS ALREADY HERE!

WE ALL NEED TO:

- ACCEPT IT
- CONTRIBUTE TO IMPROVE IT
- CONTRIBUTE TO HAVE IT MORE USER FRIENDLY
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