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10Qs

Uploaded by

cartermf09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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‭Difficulty 1: Multiple Choice‬

‭ . What is the best definition of natural selection?‬


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‭A. Organisms evolving because they want to‬
‭B. Individuals changing to adapt during their lifetimes‬
‭C. Survival and reproduction of individuals with favorable traits‬
‭D. Mutations always leading to better traits‬
‭Answer:‬‭C‬

‭Difficulty 2: True/False‬

‭ . True or False: A population evolves, not individual organisms.‬


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‭Answer:‬‭True‬

‭Difficulty 3: Fill in the Blank‬

‭ . Genetic drift is a random change in allele frequencies, most significantly affecting‬


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‭______ populations.‬
‭Answer:‬‭small‬

‭Difficulty 3: Matching‬

‭ . Match each term with its correct description:‬


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‭A. Bottleneck Effect‬
‭B. Founder Effect‬
‭C. Gene Flow‬
‭D. Mutation‬

‭1.‬ ‭Introduction of alleles from one population to another‬

‭2.‬ ‭Random changes due to a dramatic population reduction‬

‭3.‬ ‭Movement of a small group to a new area‬

‭4.‬ ‭Source of new genetic variation‬


‭ nswer:‬
A
‭A - 2‬
‭B - 3‬
‭C - 1‬
‭D - 4‬

‭Difficulty 4: Short Answer‬

‭ . Briefly explain how homologous structures support the theory of evolution.‬


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‭Answer:‬‭Homologous structures are anatomical features‬‭that are similar in structure but may‬
‭serve different functions, indicating common ancestry among organisms.‬

‭Difficulty 4: Diagram-Based‬

‭ . Examine the phylogenetic tree below (assume a visual tree is shown). Which two‬
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‭species are most closely related? Why?‬
‭Answer:‬‭The two species that share the most recent‬‭common ancestor are most closely‬
‭related. [Student answers depend on the tree.]‬

‭Difficulty 5: Data Analysis‬

‭ . A population of moths shifts in coloration from light to dark over 20 years due to‬
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‭industrial soot darkening trees. Explain which type of selection this represents and‬
‭provide reasoning.‬
‭Answer:‬‭Directional selection, because one extreme‬‭phenotype (dark color) is favored due to‬
‭environmental change.‬

‭Difficulty 5: Free Response (FRQ-style)‬

‭ . Describe how reproductive isolation can lead to speciation. Provide an example‬


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‭involving either geographic or behavioral barriers.‬
‭Answer:‬‭Reproductive isolation prevents gene flow‬‭between populations. Over time, genetic‬
‭differences accumulate, leading to the formation of new species. Example: Darwin’s finches‬
‭evolved different mating songs, preventing interbreeding.‬
‭Difficulty 6: Argumentation‬

‭ . A student claims that antibiotic resistance in bacteria proves Lamarckian evolution.‬


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‭Refute this claim using evidence from modern evolutionary theory.‬
‭Answer:‬‭Lamarck proposed that traits acquired during‬‭an organism’s life are passed on.‬
‭However, antibiotic resistance arises from random mutations, and resistant bacteria survive and‬
‭reproduce — aligning with Darwinian natural selection, not Lamarckism.‬

‭Difficulty 6: Experimental Design‬

‭ 0. Design an experiment to test whether a specific trait in a bird population is under‬


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‭natural selection. Include hypothesis, variables, and method.‬
‭Answer (sample):‬

‭●‬ ‭Hypothesis: Beak size affects survival during drought.‬

‭●‬ ‭Independent variable: Beak size‬

‭●‬ ‭Dependent variable: Survival rate‬

‭●‬ M
‭ ethod: Tag birds, track survival through environmental stress, compare beak sizes pre-‬
‭and post-event.‬

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