EFFECT OF LOAD ON RULE 1

1 The IGCSE class is investigating the effect of a load on a rule attached to a spring.
The apparatus used is shown in Fig. 1.1.

clamp
metre rule
spring

m
zero end of rule taped to bench
mass

co


bench

s.
Fig. 1.1

ce
The rule has the zero end taped to the bench so that it does not slip. The rule is attached to

ur
a spring at the 40.0 cm mark. The students hang masses, starting with a 10 g mass, on the
rule at the 90.0 cm mark. For each mass, they measure the angle
between the rule and
the bench.
so
One student’s readings are shown in the table.
re
m

m/
/

0 29
xa

10 28
te

20 26
ar

30 25

40 22
m

50 19
.s

(a) Complete the column headings in the table. [1]

(b) A student suggests that
should be directly proportional to m. State, with a reason,
w

whether the readings in the table support this suggestion.

statement .........................................................................................................................

reason ..............................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

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(c) A student carries out this experiment using the 360 ° protractor shown in Fig. 1.2.

80 90 100 1
70 10
12
60 0
13
50 0

14
40

0
15
30

0 1
20

60 1
10

180 190 20 70
350 0

m
40

co
0
03

210
33

22
0
32

0
0 23
31 02

s.
40
250 300
260 270 280 290

ce
Fig. 1.2

ur
Explain how the student could use this protractor to measure the angle
between the
metre rule and the bench. You may draw a diagram if you wish.
so
re
m
xa
te

..........................................................................................................................................
ar

.................................................................................................................................... [2]
m

(d) The range of angles measured in this experiment may be quite small. Using the same
apparatus and with the masses and spring in the same positions, suggest another
method of investigating as reliably as possible the extent by which the rule is pulled
.s

down by the masses. This method must not use a protractor but an additional rule may
be used. You may draw a diagram if you wish.
w
w
w

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

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-------------------------------------------Marking Scheme-------------------------------------------------------

m
co
s.
ce
ur
so
re
m
xa
te
ar
m
.s
w
w
w

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