10:00PM Mon 2 Jun ooo 476869862-Mobile-computing-Akash-8th... » Done vetieau io UNECUy peupur unas 8y ue pau cA, Q.3. What is DHCP? What are the Benefits of DHCP. Why use DHCP. Ans. DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DIICP) is a clienUserver protocol that automatically provides an Internct Protocol (IP) host with its IP address and other related configuration information such as the subnet mask and default gateway. RFCs 2131 and 2132 define DHCP as an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard based on Bootstrap Protocol ZOOTP), a protocol with which DHCP shares many implementation details. DHCP allows hosts to obtain necessary TCP/IP configuration information from a DHCP server. The Microsoft. Windows Server 2003 operating system includes a DHCP Server service, which is an optional networking component. All Windows-based clients inchide the DHCP client as part of TCP/IP, including Windows Server 2003, Microsoft Windows XP, Windows 2000, Windows NT 4.0, Windows Millennium Edition (Windows Me), and Windows 98. Benefits of DHCP In Windows Server 2003, the DHCP Server service provides the following benefits: Reliable IP address configuration. DHCP minimizes configuration errors caused by manual IP address configuration, such as typographical errors, or address conflicts caused by the assignment of an IP address to more than one computer at the same time.10:01PM Mon 2 Jun . = 476869862-Mobile-computing-Akash-8th... » Done 12-2016 Eighth Semester, Mobile Computing Reduced network administration: DHCP includes the following features to reduce network administration: 1. Centralized and automated TCPAP configuration. 2. The ability to define TCP/P configurations from a central location. 3. The ability to assign a full range of additional TCP/P configuration values by means of DHCP options. 4, The efficient handling of IP addre frequently, such as those for portable co wireless network, 5. The forwarding of initial DHCP messages by using a DHCP relay agent, thus climinating the need to have a DHCP server on every subset. ‘Why Use DHCP ss changes for clients that must be updated ‘puters that move to different locations on a ‘must have a unique unicast IP address to tt DHCP, IP addresses must be configured re removed from the network. DHCP enables this entire process to be automated and managed centrally. The DHCP server maintains a pool of IP addresses and leases an address to any DHCI enabled client when it starts up on the network. Because the IP addresses are dynamic eased) rather than static (permanently assigned), adiresses no longer in vee are ‘automatically returned to the pool for reallocation, ‘The network administrator establishes DHCP servers that maintain TCPAP «configuration information and provide address configuration to DHCP-enabled clients inthe form of lease offer. The DHCP server stores the configuration information in a database, which includes: 1. Valid TCP/IP configuration parameters for all clients on the network. 2.Valid IP addresses, maintained in a pool for assignment to clients, as well as excluded addresses. Reserved IP addresses associated with particular DHCP clients, This allows consistent assignment ofa single IP address to a single DHCP client. 4.The lease duration, or the length of time for which the IP address can be used before alease renewal is required. Q.4.a) Describe Hiper LAN. Discuss variuos features of Hiper LAN. ‘Ans. 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(a) How the data replationtn mobs computing ebandlod? Hapa synchronous repliation ifereatite between online ain repatlon and ‘tine data replication. 6.00) How the movementsof ue ae atareplestis? Explain. (6) ‘Axe Datarepileation. ‘ Aecata elena we data ae tin th ator. * Now itbeames psa bale zn requt renter enero te Saale, without aceaig a ore HL * Se now instead of MU er «FH lig baQ.1. (a) If BT/BC is total number of voice channels, C/I is carrier to interference ration of system. Give the relation (m) among voice quality, dropped ior rate and capacity. “ @ ‘Ans, The cellular radio capacity, m, of TDMA can be determined by the relationship Aix m-B where Bis the total allocated spectrum for the system, B, is the channel bandwidth, and Kis the number of cells in a frequency reuse pattern and can be obtained by, x-%% where q is the co-channel interference reduction factor (CIRF). In mobile radio environment, we may assume a fourth power rule, i.y=4, = number of channelalcel! - ‘Where M is the total number of equivalent channels and (C/I) is the minimum received earrier-to interference ratio per channel or per time slot, ‘The C/I ratio of CDMA and TDMA system is related to E/N, through oe ey TN, Be Where R,, is the transmission data rate, B, is the transmission bandwidth, E, is the energy per bit and N, is the interference power per hertz. @)if. University-b.iech}-Akash Books [Parameters BLUETOOTH HIPERLAN-2 802.11WLAN “Application Wireless network | Access to ATM fixed | Wireless networks network Frequency, Band| 2.45GHz 8 CHs 2.4 GHz Maximum Data | Mbps 54 Mbps 2 Mbps rate ‘Topology Ad-hoc Cellular, centralized | Can be adhoc or infra- . based Error control | Ara/fec maclayer | Ara/fec phy layer ARQ, Range Upto 10m 50-200m 100m Interface low high medium Medium Access | Master is ——T AP centralized CSMA/CA methods for medium Connectivity Connection less and Connection oriented | Connectionless Oriented . QoS (Quality of | Statistical ATM/802.1p/RSVP | PCF (optional) Service) Frequency Frequeney hopping|. Dynamic frequency | Frequency hopping or Selection aelection (DSS) sss ‘Typical Outdoor! 100 metres - - Range Encryption DES, SDES DES, sDES 40 bit RO Authentication | No X509 No Q.1. (g) Explain three types of multiple access techniques. Why CDMA aOR Q7. a) With an example explain the process of the dynamic source routing ‘of the ad-hoc network. @) ‘Ans. Dynamic Source Routing Protocol: The dynamic source routing (DSR) ‘protocol deploys source routing, Each node caches the specified route to destination during source routing of a packet through that node. This enables a node to provide route specification when a packet source routes from that node. Bach node deletes the specified route to destination. The deletion is done during routing of error packet in reverse path to the source. The error packet is sent by reverse path in case it is observed by a router that there is a disconnection during forward path to destination. The process of deletion, oflink shown by the routing table or route-cache is called as link reversal. DSRensures that each data packet includes the routing-node addresses also. Itis ‘a reactive protocol. It means the router node reacts to the changes and dynamically maintains only the routing addresses from source to destination. The routing addresses at the packets are the active paths to a destination at a given instant. « ‘The router does unicast routing. It means packets are routed to a single destined address, Let us first understand the two phases, Phase 1 and 2, ofthe protocol in order to understand the header for source routing, caching of specific route addresses, and the reversal processes of route address specifications. Phase 1 in DSR Protocol Source node initiates a route discovery process. It broadcasts the packets, each with a header. It then expects a return of acknowledgement from each destination. The packets are called route request (RREQ) packets. DSR uses flooding (sends multiple RREQs). Abheader for each RREQ packet has the (i) unique request number and (ii) source and destination addresses. This enables identification of the (i) RREQ at each intermediate node in the request and (i) acknowledged packet(s). Initially only the source address is given in the header when the routing process starts, When the packet reaches a neighbour, thats, any intermediate node, the node ‘adds its own address in the header ifitis able to successfully send the packet to its next