Multiplying Multiples

Fourth Grade Math

Introduce your students to multiplying multi-digit numbers with this lesson that gives them plenty of practice
and has them play a game with a partner that makes the lesson fun!

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to multiply whole numbers of up to four digits by one-digit and two-digit whole
numbers, using strategies based on place value.

Materials and preparation

Blank paper
Pencils
Coins or game pieces
Class set of Alex's Multiplication Table
worksheet
Class set of Mammoth Multiplication Problems
worksheet
Class set of Multiplication with Regrouping
worksheet
Class set of Double-Digit Multiplication
worksheet
Class set of Math-Go-Round: Hard worksheet
Class set of Math-Go-Round: Expert worksheet
Class set of Multiplication Mischief: West Coast
USA worksheet
Class set of Multiplying Multi-Digit Numbers
worksheet

Attachments

Alex's Multiplication Table (PDF)

Mammoth Multiplication Problems (PDF)
Multiplication with Regrouping (PDF)
Double-Digit Multiplication (PDF)
Math-Go-Round: Hard (PDF)
Math-Go-Round: Expert (PDF)
Multiplication Mischief: West Coast USA (PDF)
Multiplying Multi-Digit Numbers (PDF)

Introduction (5 minutes)

Begin this lesson by reviewing place value. Write a five-digit number on the board. Have students come
to the board and identify each number's place value.
Tell students that today they are going to use what they know about place values to help them calculate
multi-digit numbers.
Write a two-digit by one-digit multiplication problem on the board.
Have students raise their hands and work on solving the problems to show you if they have previous
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 experience with multiplying multi-digit numbers like the one on the board.
Explain to them that it is very doable as long as they know the value of the two single numbers, place
value, and a strategy called regrouping.
EL

Beginning

Provide student-friendly definitions in students' home language (L1) and English (L2), for the following
terms: "place value," "digit," "regrouping," "multiply." Include an image or example for each word.

Intermediate

Give students a chance to solve the two-digit by one-digit multiplication problem with a partner before
sharing their solution with the whole group.

Explicit Instruction/Teacher modeling (15 minutes)

Remind students of basic multiplication facts by using the Multiply! worksheet as a quick review.
Review the answers by using the answer key.
Offer students suggestions for this quick assignment by reviewing the patterns found in each row.
Use the table to work on problems in which double-digit numbers are multiplied by single-digit numbers
using problems from the Multiplication with Regrouping or Mammoth Multiplication Problems worksheets.
Next use problems from the Double Digit Multiplication worksheet to use place value when multiplying
multi-digit numbers by two-digit numbers.
EL

Beginning

Let students work on the Multiply! worksheet with a supportive partner. Encourage students to talk about
their thinking and any products they disagree on.

Intermediate

Write out and refer to the steps for multiplying multi-digit numbers using the standard algorithm. Have
students repeat the steps as you do each one.

Guided Practice (20 minutes)

Have students find a partner.

Pass out the Math-Go-Round (Hard) game and scratch paper for completing their calculations.
Read the instructions for the game to students. Set a time limit for each calculation or for the entire game
if you would like.
Ask students if they have questions.
Have students work in pairs to complete the calculations.
Use the last 2–4 minutes to discuss any challenges.
EL

Beginning

Place students with a partner who is able to support the beginning EL student (e.g., a partner who speaks
the same home language).
Have students restate or rephrase the directions to the activity in their own words.

Intermediate

Provide sentence starters to help students discuss any challenges they encountered during the guided
practice, such as: "This problem was difficult because..." or "I had trouble with the part when I had to..."

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Independent working time (20 minutes)

Pass out the Math-Go-Round (Expert) game and scratch paper for completing their calculations to
students.
Tell students that they will work alone to complete the game board.
Make this a timed assignment if you would like.
Remind students to use place value when calculating multi-digit numbers by two-digit numbers.
If students get stuck, advise them to go to the next calculation.
Allow time to review the challenging problems (as determined by the students) and answers after this
assignment.
EL

Beginning

Allow students to do their work with a helpful partner.

Give students access to the Vocabulary Cards so that they may use correct terminology when asking a
question or discussing a problem with the teacher or a classmate.

Intermediate

Let students work in a small teacher-led group, and model how to solve a couple of the two-digit by
three-digit multiplication problems.
Have students describe their calculations as they are doing them. Correct any language errors and
celebrate accurate description.

Related books and/or media

Find interactive books for each child's level.

Differentiation

Enrichment:

Advanced students could create a children's book with step-by-step instructions for multiplying multi-digit
numbers by one- and two-digit numbers. They could also complete the Multiplying Multi-Digit Numbers
worksheet which requires them to multiply several six-digit numbers by two-digit numbers and even
multiply by three-digit numbers.

Support:

Students who need extra support could create their own more simplistic problems and answer them.

Assessment (10 minutes)

Use the Multiplication Mischief worksheet to assess students' understanding of the lesson.
Remind students that they must use place value to answer each question.
EL

Beginning

Give students a word/phrase bank with pertinent math vocabulary, definitions, and examples which will
help them complete the assessment.
Have students work on the assessment worksheet with a partner.

Intermediate

Assign students fewer multiplication problems, and then have them verbally describe the steps they take
to solve each one.
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Review and closing (5 minutes)

Review place value and the multiplication chart.

Write an equation on the board and have students work the problem out with you on the whiteboard.
Ask students the following question and have them discuss with a partner, before sharing out with the
whole group: "Why is it important to understand place value in multiplication?"
EL

Beginning

Let students talk to a partner about why it is important to understand place value when multiplying.

Intermediate

Provide a sentence stem to support students as they discuss: "I think it is important to understand place
value when multiplying because..."

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 Multiply!
Help Alex the multiplication sign complete
his multiplication table.

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 18 20
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 24 27 30
0 4 12 16 20 24 28 36 40
0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
6 12 18 24 30 42 48 54 60
0 7 14 21 35 42 49 63 70
0 8 16 32 40 48 56 64 80
0 9 18 27 36 54 63 72 81 90
0 10 20 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

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Mammoth Multiplication Problems
There is no monkeying around with these multiplication
problems!

72 43 28 32
x 3 x 6 x 2 x 8

55 19 63 78
x 4 x 9 x 7 x 5

49 82 57 15
x 6 x 3 x 8 x 4

36 67 22 89
x 7 x 2 x 9 x 5

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 Multiplication with regrouping is the easiest way to multiply by large numbers.
Follow the steps below to learn how.
-First, multiply the numbers in the ones place.
-Write your result in the ones place and carry any number in the tens place forward.
-Next, multiply the number in the tens place by the bottom number in the ones place.
-Add the extra number you carried over to your result and write this number in the tens place.

Example: 2 2 2
17 17 17 17
Multiply the
ones place. x 3 Carry the 2 to
the tens place. x 3 Multiply the tens place
by the bottom ones place. x 3 Add the extra 2 and
write your result. x 3
7 x 3 = 21 1 1 1x3=3 1 3+2=5 51
For each problem below, follow the steps used in the example to find your solution.
Be sure to show all of your work.

24 13 12 19 14 15
1) x 3 5) x 4 9) x 5 13) x 3 17) x 4 21) x 6

16 38 29 24 28 17
2) x 4 6) x 2 10) x 3 14) x 4 18) x 4 22) x 3

16 35 18 27 13 12
3) x 2 7) x 2 11) x 4 15) x 2 19) x 7 23) x 7

25 17 36 18 24 72
4) x 2 8) x 4 12) x 2 16) x 3 20) x 3 24) x 9

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Name Date

Double-Digit
Multiplication
Practice two-digit multiplication the traditional way
— and be sure to show your work!

34 78 94 14
x___
45 x___
42 x 12
___ x___
33

56 84 16 65
x___
77 x___
24 x 51
___ x 11
___

76 30 22 89
x___
20 x___
62 x___
99 x___
47

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Math-Go-Round RT

+
1 Point
STA
456 2,107 140 169
Multiplication | Difficulty: + 1 Point
Find a friend and practice your
multiplication skills. Find two coins
or game pieces and place them 25 16 42 13
on the square labeled START.
Choose one of the problems to 840 x 14 x 13 x 20 x 13 850
solve and move your game piece
clockwise around the board to
that problem’s answer.
Keep track of the number of 50 45 14 18
corners you go around on each
x 17 x 39 x 10 x 12
move. For each one, give yourself 1,820 208
a point. The player with the most
points at the end is the winner.
Keep score with the table below.
30 65 16 78
Pla
ye
Pla
ye 1,376 x 23 x 28 x 16 x 59 216
r1 r2

Round 1

Round 2 24 43 31 49
Round 3 x 19 x 32 x 27 x 43
256 350
Round 4

Round 5

Round 6
+ 1 Point

837 1,755 4,602 690

1 Point

Round 7

Round 8
+

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© 2007
Math-Go-Round RT

+
1 Point
STA
7,957 3,861 4,462 6,384
Multiplication | Difficulty: +1 Point
Find a friend and practice your
multiplication skills. Find two coins
or game pieces and place them 143 152 141 137
on the square labeled START.
Choose one of the problems to 1,694 x 27 x 42 x 33 x 63 1,610
solve and move your game piece
clockwise around the board to
that problem’s answer.
Keep track of the number of 172 194 115 104
corners you go around on each
x 51 x 23 x 14 x 85
move. For each one, give yourself 2,916 3,021
a point. The player with the most
points at the end is the winner.
Keep score with the table below.
154 170 139 158
Pla
ye
Pla
ye 4,653 x 11 x 58 x 24 x 59 8,840
r1 r2

Round 1

Round 2 129 109 108 159

Round 3 x 11 x 73 x 27 x 19
9,860 8,772
Round 4

Round 5

Round 6
+ 1 Point
1 Point

Round 7 3,336 8,631 9,322 1,419

Round 8
+

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© 2007
Zoey
y Chase
ey a iss on the
Chas
hase
h th
the Case!
he C
Ca
a
ase!
ase
se!
se
Zip Code
de Caper:
C aper: West
st Coast
West
We Coasstt USA
US
SA

Detective Zoey Chase is searching for Ruby

Seeker throughout the Western United States
after she escaped from jail in Spokane,
Washington. Help Zoey follow Ruby by solving the AK
following multiplication problems and drawing a
line to each city and zip code where she stops in Anchorage
the order the problems are given. 99504

1. 991 2. 1,417 3. 4,262

x 99 x 60 x 21
8,919
+ 89,190
98,109 Seattle
98109
Seattle Olympia
98516
WA Spokane

Portland
4. 457 5. 469 6. 544 97220

x 195 x 201 x 173

OR
ID
Boise
83706

Sacramento NV
94269
Reno
89502 Salt Lake City
84180

7. 1,993 8. 460 9. 1,217

San Francisco
x 42 x 183 x 74 UT
CA
94112

Las Vegas
89115

Los Angeles
90058 AZ

10. 4,861 11. 691 12. 2,239

HI
Phoenix
85020
x 20 x 144 x 44

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1. 2. 3.

4 5. 6.

7. 8. 9. 10.

11. 12.

Find
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