Solution

MATHS- DETERMINANT TEST PAPER-1 (NCERT BASED)

Class 12 - Mathematics
Section A
1. Note that in the third column, two entries are zero. So expanding along the third column (C3),
we get

Δ=4
4 1 | −1 3
| | | |
4 1
−0
−1 3
1 2
+0
1 2
|
= 4 (–1 – 12) – 0 + 0 = – 52
2. By definition of minors and cofactors, we have

| |
a 22 a 23
Minor of a11 = M11 = = a22 a33 – a23 a32
a 32 a 33

Cofactor of a11 = A11 = (–1)1+1 M11 = a22 a33 – a23 a32

| |
a 12 a 13
Minor of a21 = M21 = = a12 a33 – a13 a32
a 32 a 33

Cofactor of a21 = A21 = (–1)2+1 M21 = (–1) (a12 a33 – a13 a32) = – a12 a33 + a13 a32
3. Matrix form of given equations is AX = B

⇒ [ 2
1
−1
][ ] [ ]
1
x
y
=
5
4

∴A=
[ ] []
2 −1
1 1
and B =
5
4

∴ |A| =
1 1 | |2 −1
= 2 − (− 1) = 3 ≠ 0

Therefore, Unique solution and hence, equations are consistent.

4.
1
(b)
det ( A )
1
Explanation: We know that, A-1 = Adj (A)
|A|

|
So, A − 1 = | ||A|
1
Adj(A)
|
1
= | Adj(A) |
|A| n
1 1
= |A| n−1 =
|A| n |A| 1
1
=
|A| 1
{since adj(A) is of order n and |Adj(A)| = |A|n-1}
5.
(d) | A |2
Explanation: For a square matrix of order n × n,
We know that A. adjA = | A | I
Here, n=3
∴ | A. adjA | = | A | n
| adjA | = | A | n − 1
So, | AdjA | = | A | 3 − 1 = | A | 2
6. Let P (x, y) be any point on AB. Then the equation of line AB is,

| |
0 0 1
1
1 3 1 =0
2
x y 1
y = 3x
Area ΔABD = 3 square unit

| |
1 3 1
1
0 0 1 = ±3
2
K 0 1
k= ±2

7. We have, M 11 =
| 0
5
4
−7 | = 0 − 20 = − 20; A 11 = ( − 1) 1 + 1( − 20) = − 20

M 12 = | |
6
1 −7
4
= − 42 − 4 = − 46; A 12 = ( − 1) 1 + 2( − 46) = 46

M 13 =
| |
6 0
1 5
= 30 − 0 = 30; A 13 = ( − 1) 1 + 3(30) = 30

M 21 =
| |
−3
5 −7
5
= 21 − 25 = − 4; A 21 = ( − 1) 2 + 1( − 4) = 4

M 22 = | |
2
1 −7
5
= − 14 − 5 = − 19; A 22 = ( − 1) 2 + 2( − 19) = − 19

M 23 =
| |
2 −3
1 5
= 10 + 3 = 13; A 23 = ( − 1) 2 + 3(13) = − 13

M 31 =
| |
−3
0
5
4
= − 12 − 0 = − 12; A 31 = ( − 1) 3 + 1( − 12) = − 12

M 32 =
| |
2 5
6 4
= 8 − 30 = − 22; A 32 = ( − 1) 3 + 2( − 22) = 22

and M 33 =
| | 2
6
−3
0
= 0 + 18 = 18; A 33 = ( − 1) 3 + 3(18) = 18

Now a11 = 2, a12 = -3, a13 = 5; A31 = -12, A32 = 22, A33 = 18
 So, a11 A31 + a12 A32 + a13 A33
= 2 (-12) + (-3) (22) + 5 (18) = -24 - 66 + 90 = 0

8. We know that determinant of A is calculated as | A | = | |

a b
c d
= ad - bc

We have
4 5 | | | |
2
2x 5
3
=
x 3

⇒ 2(5) – 3(4) = x(5) – 3(2x)

⇒ 10 – 12 = 5x – 6x
⇒ -2 = -x
⇒ x=2
The value of x is 2.
9. Let (x, y) be any point on the line containing (3, 1) and (9, 3),then the required equation is,

| |
x y 1
3 1 1 =0
9 3 1
Expanding along R1 , we get,
x[1 − 3] − y[3 − 9] + 1[9 − 9] = 0
⇒ − 2x + 6y = 0
x = 3y which is the required equation of the line.
10. Matrix form of given equations is AX = B

[ ][ ] [ ]
1
2 1 1 x
3
⇒ 1 −2 −1 y =
2
0 3 −5 z
9

[ ] [] []
1
2 1 1 x
3
Here A = 1 − 2 − 1 , X = y and B =
2
0 3 −5 z
9
Here,
A 11 = 13, A 12 = 5, A 13 = 3A 21 = 8, A 22 = − 10, A 23 = − 6A 31 = 1, A 32 = 3, A 33 = − 5

[ ]
13 8 1
adj A= 5 − 10 3
3 −6 −5

| |
2 1 1
∴ |A| = 1 −2 − 1 = 2(10 + 3) - 1(3 - 0) = 26 + 5 + 3 = 34 ≠ 0
0 3 −5
1
Therefore, solution is unique and X = A − 1B = (adj. A)B
|A|
 [ ] [ ][ ]
1
x 13 8 1
1 3
⇒ y = 5 − 10 3
34 2
z 3 −6 −5
9

[ ]
13 + 12 + 9
1
= 5 − 15 + 27
34
3 − 9 − 45

[ ] []
1
34 1
1
= 17 = 2
34
− 51 −3
2
1 −3
Therefore, x = 1, y = and z =
2 2
Section B
11. Let P (x, y) be any point on AB. Then the equation of line AB is,

| |
0 0 1
1
1 3 1 =0
2
x y 1
y = 3x
Area ΔABD = 3 square unit

| |
1 3 1
1
0 0 1 = ±3
2
K 0 1
k= ±2

[ ]
1 −2 1
12. Let A = − 2 3 1
1 1 5
∴ |A|=1(15-1) + 2(-10-1) + 1(-2-3) = 14-22-5 = -13
A 11 = 14, A 12 = 11, A 13 = − 5

Now, A 21 = 11, A 22 = 4, A 23 = − 3
A 31 = − 5, A 12 = − 3, A 13 = − 1

[ ]
14 11 −5
∴ adjA = 11 4 −3
−5 −3 −1
 1
∴ A −1 = (adjA)
|A|

[ ] [ ]
14 11 −5 − 14 − 11 5
1 1
=− 11 4 −3 = − 11 −4 3
13 13
−5 −3 −1 5 3 1
We have shown that

[ ]
− 14 − 11 5
1
A −1 = − 11 −4 3
13
5 3 1

[ ]
−1 2 −1
1
and, Adj A-1 = 2 −3 −1
13
−1 −1 −5
Now

|A −1 = | ( ) 1 3
13
[ − 14 × ( − 13) + 11 × ( − 26) + 5 × ( − 13)] = ( ) 1 3
13
× ( − 169) = −
1
13

[ ][ ]
−1 2 −1 1 −2 1
adjA − 1
∴ ( A − 1 −1
= ) =
1
×
1
2 −3 −1 = −2 3 1 =A
| | ( )
13
A −1 1 −1 −1 −5 1 1 5
−
13
⇒ (A-1)-1 = A
13. Let first ,second and third number be denoted by x,y and z, respectively.Then, according to
given conditions,we have,
x+y+z=6
y + 3z = 11
x + z = 2y or x-2y+z=0
This system can be written as AX = B whose

[ ] [] [ ]
1 1 1 x 6
A= 0 1 3 X = y B = 11
1 −2 1 z 0
|A| = 1(1 + 6) − (0 − 3) + (0 − 1) = 9 ≠ 0
A 11 = 7, A 12 = 3, A 13 = − 1
A 21 = − 3, A 22 = 0, A 23 = 3
A 31 = 2, A 32 = − 3, A 33 = 1

[ ]
7 −3 2
adjA = 3 0 −3
−1 3 1
 [ ]
7 −3 2
1 1
A −1 = adjA = 3 0 −3
|A| 9
−1 3 1
X = A − 1B

[] [ ][ ]
x 7 −3 2 6
1
y = 3 0 −3 11
9
z −1 3 1 0

[] [ ] [ ] []
x 42 − 33 + 0 9 1
1 1
y = 18 + 0 + 0 = 18 = 2
9 =
z − 6 + 33 + 0 9
27 3
Hence, x=1, y=2, z=3
14. Let cost of 1kg onion = x
cost of 1kg wheat = y
cost of 1kg rise = z
By the question ,we have,
4x + 3y + 2z = 60
2x + 4y + 6z = 90
6x + 2y + 3z = 70

[ ] [ ] []
4 3 2 60 x
A= 2 4 6 B = 90 X = y
6 2 3 70 z

| |
4 3 2
|A| = 2 4 6 = 50 ≠ 0
6
2 3
Now, A 11 = 0, A 12 = 30, A 13 = − 20
A 21 = − 5, A 22 = 0, A 23 = 10
A 31 = 10, A 32 = − 20, A 33 = 10

[ ]
0 −5 10
∴ adjA = 30 0 − 20
− 20 10 10

[ ]
0 −5 10
1 1
A −1 = (adjA) = 30 0 − 20
|A| 50
− 20 10 10
X = A − 1B
[] []
x 5
y = 8
z 8
x = 5, y = 8, z = 8