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Share some D-DS-FN-23 exam online questions below.

1.How is HDFS defined?
A. Large “web table” capable of holding millions of rows and millions of columns
B. Row-column oriented datastore supporting redundancy and high availability
C. Reliable, redundant distributed file system
D. Reliable file system stored on a single extensible storage platform
Answer: C

2.In association rules, given X -> Y, what is confidence?

A. Difference in the probability of X and Y appearing together compared with expectations if they were
statistically independent
B. Percentage of transactions that contain the itemset
C. How many times more often X and Y occur together than expected if they were statistically
independent, expressed as a ratio
D. Percentage of transactions with X that also contain Y
Answer: D

3.Refer to the Exhibit.

In the Exhibit. For effective visualization, what is the chart's primary flaw?
A. The use of 3 dimensions.
B. The slanting of axis labels.
C. The location of the legend.
D. The order of the columns.
Answer: A

4.Your customer provided you with 2, 000 unlabeled records and asked you to separate them into
three groups.
What is the correct analytical method to use?
A. K-means clustering
B. Linear regression
C. Naive Bayesian classification
D. Logistic regression
Answer: A

5.Which type of numeric value does a logistic regression model estimate?

A. Probability
B. A p-value
C. Any integer
D. Any real number
Answer: A

6.Which activity might be performed in the Operationalize phase of the Data Analytics Lifecycle?
A. Run a pilot
B. Try different analytical techniques
C. Try different variables
D. Transform existing variables
Answer: A

7. Which R function plots a distribution of a single variable along two different axes?
A. table()
B. summaryQ
C. density ()
D. rug()
Answer: D

8.Refer to the exhibit.

You have plotted the distribution of savings account sizes for your bank.
How would you proceed, based on this distribution?
A. The data is extremely skewed. Replot the data on a logarithmic scale to get a better sense of it.
B. The data is extremely skewed, but looks bimodal; replot the data in the range 2, 500-10, 000 to be
sure.
C. The accounts of size greater than 2500 are rare, and probably outliers. Eliminate them from your
future analysis.
D. The data is extremely skewed. Split your analysis into two cohorts: accounts less than 2500, and
accounts greater than 2500
Answer: A

9. Variables A and C are significantly and positively impacting the dependent variable.

10.You are given 10, 000, 000 user profile pages of an online dating site in XML files, and they are
stored in HDFS. You are assigned to divide the users into groups based on the content of their
profiles.
You have been instructed to try K-means clustering on this data. How should you proceed?
A. Run MapReduce to transform the data, and find relevant key value pairs.
B. Divide the data into sets of 1, 000 user profiles, and run K-means clustering in RHadoop iteratively.
C. Run a Naive Bayes classification as a pre-processing step in HDFS.
D. Partition the data by XML file size, and run K-means clustering in each partition.
Answer: A

11.Refer to the exhibit.

Click on the calculator icon in the upper left corner.
You are given a list of predefined association rules:
A) RENTER => BAD CREDIT
B) RENTER => GOOD CREDIT
C) HOME OWNER => BAD CREDIT
D) HOME OWNER => GOOD CREDIT
E) FREE HOUSING => BAD CREDIT
F) FREE HOUSING => GOOD CREDIT
For your next analysis, you must limit your dataset based on rules with confidence greater than 60%.
Which of the rules will be kept in the analysis?
A. Rules B and D
B. Rules A and F
C. Rules C and E
D. Rules D and E
Answer: A

12.Consider a database with 4 transactions:

Transaction 1: {cheese, bread, milk}
Transaction 2: {soda, bread, milk}
Transaction 3: {cheese, bread}
Transaction 4: {cheese, soda, juice}
The minimum support is 25%.
Which rule has a confidence equal to 50%?
A. {bread, milk} => {cheese}
B. {bread} => {milk}
C. {juice} => {soda}
D. {bread} => {cheese}
Answer: A

13.You are attempting to find the Euclidean distance between two centroids:
Centroid A's coordinates: (X = 2, Y = 4)
Centroid B's coordinates (X = 8, Y = 10)
Which formula finds the correct Euclidean distance?
A. SQRT((2-8)2+(4-10)2) or 8.49
B. SQRT(((2-8) x 2) + ((4-10) x 2)) or 12.17
C. ((2-8)2+(4-10)2) or 72
D. ((2-8) x 2 + (4-10) x 2) or 148
Answer: A

14.A data scientist is asked to implement an article recommendation feature for an online magazine.
The magazine does not want to use client tracking technologies such as cookies or reading history.
Therefore, only the style and subject matter of the current article is available for making
recommendations. All of the magazine's articles are stored in a database in a format suitable for
analytics.
Which method should the data scientist try first?
A. K Means Clustering
B. Naive Bayesian
C. Logistic Regression
D. Association Rules
Answer: A

15.Which activity is performed in the Operationalize phase of the Data Analytics Lifecycle?
A. Define the process to maintain the model
B. Try different analytical techniques
C. Try different variables
D. Transform existing variables
Answer: A

16.Which SQL OLAP extension provides all possible grouping combinations?

A. CUBE
B. ROLLUP
C. UNION ALL
D. CROSS JOIN
Answer: A

17.You have been assigned to perform a study of the daily revenue effect of a pricing model of online
transactions. All data currently available to you has been loaded into your analytics database. This
includes revenue data, pricing data, and online transaction data.
You discover that all data comes in different levels of granularity. The transaction data has
timestamps consisting of day, hour, minutes, and seconds. Pricing is stored at the daily level and
revenue data is only reported monthly.
What is the next step?
A. Report back to the business owner that the current data model does not support the business
question.
B. Interpolate a daily model for revenue from the monthly revenue data.
C. Aggregate all data to the monthly level in order to create a monthly revenue model.
D. Disregard revenue as the key reason in the pricing model and create a daily model based on
pricing and transactions only.
Answer: A

18.Refer to the exhibit.

The graph represents an ROC space with four classifiers labelled A through D.
Which point in the graph represents a perfect classification?
A. S
B. P
C. Q
D. R
Answer: A

19.What is the output of the K-means clustering algorithm?

A. Centroid positioning and entropy of each record in each cluster
B. Center of each discovered cluster and mapping of each record to a cluster
C. Two dimensional representation of the data and the clusters
D. Intercept and coefficients for each input variable in the dataset
Answer: B

20.Which chart type is the most effective way to show trends over time?
A. Line Chart
B. Bar Chart
C. Stacked Bar Chart
D. Histogram
Answer: A

21.In logistic regression modeling, what is the commonly assigned probability threshold used to
assign a class label?
A. 0.1
B. 0.25
C. 0.5
D. 0.9
Answer: C

22. Consider this SQL statement: SELECT product, avg(prod_cost) FROM product_detail GROUP
BY product.
The GROUP BY clause implies what type of function?
A. System function
B. Aggregate function
C. User defined function
D. Window function
Answer: B

23.How does Pig’s use of a schema differ from that of a traditional RDBMS?
A. Pig's schema is optional
B. Pig's schema requires that the data is physically present when the schema is defined
C. Pig's schema is required for ETL
D. Pig's schema supports a single data type
Answer: A

24.Which participant in a data analytics project is typically responsible for assessing the validity of the
model?
A. Data scientist
B. Business user
C. Project sponsor
D. Project manager
Answer: A

25.Which key role for a successful analytic project can provide business domain expertise with a
deep understanding of the data and key performance indicators?
A. Business Intelligence Analyst
B. Project Manager
C. Project Sponsor
D. Business User
Answer: A

26.What is a key consideration when preparing a presentation intended for sponsors?

A. Describe how current processes may be affected
B. Provide details on model planning and building
C. Describe how to implement the model
D. Emphasize the business benefits of implementing the model
Answer: D

27. On which type of data should you run K-means clustering?

A. Ordinal
B. Numeric
C. Text
D. Nominal
Answer: B

28.Refer to the exhibit.

The exhibit shows four graphs labeled as Fig A thorough Fig D.

Which figure represents the entropy function relative to a Boolean classification and is represented by
the formula shown in Exhibit?
A. Fig-A
B. Fig-B
C. Fig-C
D. Fig-D
Answer: A

29.Under which circumstance do you need to implement N-fold cross-validation after creating a
regression model?
A. There is not enough data to create a test set.
B. The data is unformatted.
C. There are missing values in the data.
D. There are categorical variables in the model.
Answer: A
30.You have run the association rules algorithm on your data set, and the two rules {banana, apple}
=> {grape} and {apple, orange}=> {grape} have been found to be relevant.
What else must be true?
A. {grape, apple, orange} must be a frequent itemset.
B. {banana, apple, grape, orange} must be a frequent itemset.
C. {grape} => {banana, apple} must be a relevant rule.
D. {banana, apple} => {orange} must be a relevant rule.
Answer: A

31.You do a Student’s t-test to compare the average test scores of sample groups from populations
A and B. Group A averaged 10 points higher than group B. You find that this difference is significant,
with a p-value of 0.03.
What does that mean?
A. There is a 3% chance that you have identified a difference between the populations when in reality
there is none.
B. The difference in scores between a sample from population A and a sample from population B will
tend to be within 3% of 10 points.
C. There is a 3% chance that a sample group from population A will score 10 points higher that a
sample group from population B.
D. There is a 97% chance that a sample group from population A will score 10 points higher that a
sample group from population B.
Answer: A

32.In the Map Reduce framework, what is the purpose of the Map Function?
A. It processes the input and generates key-value pairs
B. It collects the output of the Reduce function
C. It sorts the results of the Reduce function
D. It breaks the input into smaller components and distributes to other nodes in the cluster
Answer: A

33.Which word or phrase completes the statement? Business Intelligence is to ad-hoc reporting and
dashboards as Data Science is to __________.
A. Optimization and Predictive Modeling
B. Alerts and Queries
C. Structured Data and Data Sources
D. Sales and profit reporting
Answer: A

34. Determine the frequency of calls by both product type and customer language.
Which goals are suitable to be completed with MapReduce?
A. Goal 2 and 4
B. Goal 1 and 3
C. Goals 1, 2, 3, 4
D. Goals 2, 3, 4
Answer: A
35.Which characteristic applies only to Business Intelligence as opposed to Data Science?
A. Uses only structured data
B. Supports solving “what if” scenarios
C. Uses large data sets
D. Uses predictive modeling techniques
Answer: A

36.Refer to exhibit.

You are asked to write a report on how specific variables impact your client’s sales using a data set
provided to you by the client. The data includes 15 variables that the client views as directly related to
sales, and you are restricted to these variables only.
After a preliminary analysis of the data, the following findings were made:

37.In MADlib what does MAD stand for?

A. Magnetic, Agile, Deep
B. Machine Learning, Algorithms for Databases
C. Mathematical Algorithms for Databases
D. Modular, Accurate, Dependable
Answer: A

38.You have been assigned to run a logistic regression model for each of 100 countries, and all the
data is currently stored in a PostgreSQL database.
Which tool/library would you use to produce these models with the least effort?
A. MADlib
B. Mahout
C. RStudio
D. HBase
Answer: A

39.You are analyzing a time series and want to determine its stationarity. You also want to determine
the order of autoregressive models.
How are the autocorrelation functions used?
A. ACF as an indication of stationarity, and PACF for the correlation between Xt and Xt-k not
explained by their mutual correlation with X1 through Xk-1.
B. PACF as an indication of stationarity, and ACF for the correlation between Xt and Xt-k not
explained by their mutual correlation with X1 through Xk-1.
C. ACF as an indication of stationarity, and PACF to determine the correlation of X1 through Xk-1.
D. PACF as an indication of stationarity, and ACF to determine the correlation of X1 through Xk-1.
Answer: A

40.You have just completed the Discovery phase of a project and finished interviewing the main
stakeholders. You have identified the necessary data feeds and are now beginning to set up the
analytic sandbox.
What is the next step?
A. Assess data quality
B. Perform ELT / ETL
C. Create data visualizations
D. Run descriptive statistics for several data sets
Answer: B

41.Assume you are performing an analysis to determine fraud detection on credit card usage. You will
need to ensure higher-risk transactions. These may indicate that fraudulent credit card activity is
retained in your data for analysis and not dropped as outliers during pre- processing.
What is the approach for loading data into the analytical sandbox for this analysis?
A. ELT
B. ETL
C. EDW
D. OLTP
Answer: A

42. In time series analysis, what function is examined to identify the order of the autoregressive
component of an ARIMA model?
A. Logistic function
B. Lognormal distribution function
C. Partial autocorrelation function
D. Normal distribution function
Answer: C

43.Which analytical method is considered unsupervised?

A. K-means clustering
B. Naïve Bayesian classifier
C. Decision tree
D. Linear regression
Answer: A

44.You are performing a market basket analysis using the Apriori algorithm.
Which measure is a ratio describing the how many more times two items are present together than
would be expected if those two items are statistically independent?
A. Lift
B. Leverage
C. Support
D. Confidence
Answer: A
45.Which chart type is intended to display correlations between sets of numeric data?
A. Scatterplot
B. Histogram
C. Pie chart
D. Line Chart
Answer: A

46.Since R factors are categorical variables, they are most closely related to which data classification
level?
A. nominal
B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
Answer: A

47.What does the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve show?

A. Relationship between p-value and true positive rate
B. Relationship between p-value and true negative rate
C. Relationship between true positive rate and false positive rate
D. Relationship between true positive rate and true negative rate
Answer: C

48.You have run a Linear Regression model on the data shown in the graphic.

Which value is a reasonable guess for R-squared?

A. -.8
B. .8
C. .25
D. 1.25
Answer: B

49.A study was run to identify general dietary patterns among the residents of a small town. Twelve
thousand people were surveyed and the data was subject to K-means clustering.
In one of the iterations, there were six clusters formed with 38, 1560, 1799, 2560, 2893, and 3150
respondents.
What should be the next step in identifying optimal clusters?
A. Add more categorical variables to the dataset to maximize the Within Sum of Squares (WSS) value
for K=6
B. Determine the optimal number of clusters by plotting the Within Sum of Squares (WSS) values as
a function of K
C. Remove 38 respondents because the 5 clusters seem to be well distributed
D. Multiply each variable by its standard deviation
Answer: B

50.Refer to the exhibit.

Click on the calculator icon in the upper left corner. An analyst is searching a corpus of documents for
the topic "solid state disk".
In the Exhibit, Table A provides the inverse document frequency for each term across the corpus.
Table B provides each term's frequency in four documents selected from corpus.
Which of the four documents is most relevant to the analyst's search?
A. Document C
B. Document A
C. Document B
D. Document D
Answer: A
51.Consider a scale that has five (5) values that range from “not important” to “very important”.
Which data classification best describes this data?
A. Ordinal
B. Nominal
C. Real
D. Ratio
Answer: A

52.Refer to the Exhibit.

In the Exhibit, the table shows the values for the input Boolean attributes "A", "B", and "C". It also
shows the values for the output attribute "class".
Which decision tree is valid for the data?
A. Tree B
B. Tree A
C. Tree C
D. Tree D
Answer: A

53.You are using the Apriori algorithm to determine the likelihood that a person who owns a home
has a good credit score. You have determined that the confidence for the rules used in the algorithm
is > 75%. You calculate lift = 1.011 for the rule, "People with good credit are homeowners".
What can you determine from the lift calculation?
A. Support for the association is low
B. Leverage of the rules is low
C. The rule is coincidental
 D. The rule is true
Answer: C

54.Your colleague, who is new to Hadoop, approaches you with a question. They want to know how
best to access their data. This colleague has previously worked extensively with SQL and databases.
Which query interface would you recommend?
A. Hive
B. Pig
C. Howl
D. HBase
Answer: A

55. After running a density plot you realize that the data has a long tail to the right.
What can you do to make the dataset more normally distributed?
A. Use a scatter plot to obtain a better picture
B. Use a histogram to obtain a better picture
C. Apply a square transformation
D. Apply a logarithmic transformation
Answer: D

56.You have an automotive database containing numeric characteristics such as engine size,
horsepower, and top speed.
Which technique could you use to group similar cars together?
A. Naïve Bayes classifier
B. Association rules
C. K-means clustering
D. Logistic regression
Answer: C

57. Only three variables?A, B, and C?have significant correlation with sales
You build a linear regression model on the dependent variable of sales with the independent variables
of A, B, and C. The results of the regression are seen in the exhibit.
Which interpretation is supported by the analysis?
A. Variables A, B, and C are significantly impacting sales, but are not effectively estimating sales
B. Variables A, B, and C are significantly impacting sales and are effectively estimating sales
C. Due to the R2 of 0.10, the model is not valid C the linear regression should be rerun with all 15
variables forced into the model to increase the R2
D. Due to the R2 of 0.10, the model is not valid C a different analytical model should be attempted
Answer: A

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