Plot the Solution

Read the given problem-solution text carefully. Then, plot it on the given
organizer.
Plot the Solution
Plastic Pollution in the Ocean Read the given problem-solution text carefully. Then, plot it on the given
organizer.
Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the ocean, harming
marine life and polluting the water. Sea turtles mistake plastic bags for Plastic Pollution in the Ocean
jellyfish, fish swallow tiny plastic particles, and entire ecosystems are
affected by the waste humans produce. If this continues, the ocean's Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the ocean, harming
health will suffer, and many species could become endangered. marine life and polluting the water. Sea turtles mistake plastic bags for
jellyfish, fish swallow tiny plastic particles, and entire ecosystems are
To solve this problem, people and governments must take action. affected by the waste humans produce. If this continues, the ocean's
Recycling and reducing plastic use can help prevent waste from reaching health will suffer, and many species could become endangered.
the ocean. Using reusable bags, bottles, and containers instead of single-
use plastic can make a big difference. Governments can also create To solve this problem, people and governments must take action.
stricter rules on plastic production and waste management. By working Recycling and reducing plastic use can help prevent waste from reaching
together, we can protect marine life and keep the ocean clean for future the ocean. Using reusable bags, bottles, and containers instead of single-
generations. use plastic can make a big difference. Governments can also create
stricter rules on plastic production and waste management. By working
together, we can protect marine life and keep the ocean clean for future
generations.

Tell Me Its Point

Read the given paragraph and answer the following questions.
Tell Me Its Point
Green plants contain chlorophyll, which enables them to make their own
food. They require sunlight, water, minerals, and carbon dioxide to do this. Read the given paragraph and answer the following questions.
Other plants, such as molds, mushrooms, and yeasts, depend on food
from other sources. Mold grows and feeds on such things as bread and Green plants contain chlorophyll, which enables them to make their own
fruit. Mushrooms get their food from soil or decaying wood. Yeasts can live food. They require sunlight, water, minerals, and carbon dioxide to do this.
on the sugar in water. Other plants, such as molds, mushrooms, and yeasts, depend on food
from other sources. Mold grows and feeds on such things as bread and
fruit. Mushrooms get their food from soil or decaying wood. Yeasts can live
on the sugar in water.

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

a) All plants need soil to grow.
b) Different plants have different ways of obtaining food. 1. What is the main idea of the passage?
c) Mushrooms and molds are the same as green plants. a) All plants need soil to grow.
d) Plants do not need sunlight to grow. b) Different plants have different ways of obtaining food.
c) Mushrooms and molds are the same as green plants.
2. How do green plants make their own food? d) Plants do not need sunlight to grow.
a) By absorbing nutrients from the soil
b) By using chlorophyll, sunlight, water, minerals, and carbon dioxide 2. How do green plants make their own food?
c) By feeding on decaying materials a) By absorbing nutrients from the soil
d) By absorbing sugar from water b) By using chlorophyll, sunlight, water, minerals, and carbon dioxide
c) By feeding on decaying materials
3. What is a key difference between green plants and molds? d) By absorbing sugar from water
a) Green plants make their own food, while molds depend on other
sources. 3. What is a key difference between green plants and molds?
b) Molds grow only in water, while green plants grow in soil. a) Green plants make their own food, while molds depend on other
c) Green plants and molds both need direct sunlight. sources.
d) Molds can produce their own food just like green plants. b) Molds grow only in water, while green plants grow in soil.
c) Green plants and molds both need direct sunlight.
4. Where do mushrooms get their food from? d) Molds can produce their own food just like green plants.
a) They produce their own food like green plants. b) They absorb sugar
from water. 4. Where do mushrooms get their food from?
c) They feed on decaying wood or soil. d) They take in carbon a) They produce their own food like green plants. b) They absorb sugar
dioxide from the air. from water.
c) They feed on decaying wood or soil. d) They take in carbon
5. What do yeasts use as a food source? dioxide from the air.
a) Carbon dioxide b) Decaying wood c) Sugar in water d) Minerals
from the soil 5. What do yeasts use as a food source?
a) Carbon dioxide b) Decaying wood c) Sugar in water d) Minerals
from the soil
 Instructions: Read each paragraph carefully, then choose the best main
idea from the answer choices.

1. Dogs as Loyal Pets

Dogs are loyal pets that love their owners. They enjoy playing, going for
walks, and learning new tricks. Many dogs can even help people, like
guide dogs for the blind. Because of their loyalty and helpful nature, dogs
are often called "man's best friend."
🔹 What is the main idea of the paragraph?
A) Some dogs can learn tricks. B) Dogs are loyal and helpful
animals.
Identifying the main idea C) Guide dogs help blind people. D) Playing with dogs is fun.

What is the Main Idea?

The main idea is the most important message in a text. It tells us what the
author wants us to learn or understand. Identifying the main idea

How to Find the Main Idea: What is the Main Idea?

1. Read carefully – Make sure you read the whole text. The main idea is the most important message in a text. It tells us what the
2. Find the topic – What is the text mostly about? author wants us to learn or understand.
3. Think about the author’s purpose – Why did the author write this?
4. Look for the most important point – What is the main thing the How to Find the Main Idea:
author is saying?
5. Summarize in your own words – Say the main idea in one or two 1. Read carefully – Make sure you read the whole text.
sentences. 2. Find the topic – What is the text mostly about?
6. Know the difference between main ideas and details – Details 3. Think about the author’s purpose – Why did the author write this?
support the main idea, but they are not the main idea. 4. Look for the most important point – What is the main thing the
7. Check the structure – Look at headings, bold words, and the first and author is saying?
last sentences for clues. 5. Summarize in your own words – Say the main idea in one or two
8. Use context clues – If you're unsure, look at surrounding words and sentences.
sentences. 6. Know the difference between main ideas and details – Details
9. Ask questions – What is the author trying to tell me? What is the big support the main idea, but they are not the main idea.
idea? 7. Check the structure – Look at headings, bold words, and the first and
10. Practice! – The more you practice, the better you will get at finding last sentences for clues.
the main idea. 8. Use context clues – If you're unsure, look at surrounding words and
sentences.
Activity: Identifying the Main Idea
9. Ask questions – What is the author trying to tell me? What is the big 🔹 What is the main idea of the paragraph?
idea? A) Eating healthy helps us stay strong and active. B) Water is better
10. Practice! – The more you practice, the better you will get at finding than sugary drinks.
the main idea. C) Fruits and vegetables taste good. D) Protein helps build
muscles.
Activity: Identifying the Main Idea
Instructions: Read each paragraph carefully, then choose the best main
idea from the answer choices.

1. Dogs as Loyal Pets

Dogs are loyal pets that love their owners. They enjoy playing, going for
walks, and learning new tricks. Many dogs can even help people, like
guide dogs for the blind. Because of their loyalty and helpful nature, dogs
are often called "man's best friend."
🔹 What is the main idea of the paragraph?
A) Some dogs can learn tricks. B) Dogs are loyal and helpful
animals.
C) Guide dogs help blind people. D) Playing with dogs is fun.

2. The Importance of the Sun

The sun is very important for life on Earth. It gives us light and heat,
helping plants grow. Without the sun, the Earth would be too cold for
people, animals, and plants to survive. The sun’s energy is also used to
make electricity through solar panels. 2. The Importance of the Sun
🔹 What is the main idea of the paragraph? The sun is very important for life on Earth. It gives us light and heat,
A) The sun is important for life on Earth. B) Solar panels make helping plants grow. Without the sun, the Earth would be too cold for
electricity. people, animals, and plants to survive. The sun’s energy is also used to
C) Plants need sunlight to grow. D) The sun is a big ball of make electricity through solar panels.
fire. 🔹 What is the main idea of the paragraph?
A) The sun is important for life on Earth. B) Solar panels make
3. Eating Healthy Foods electricity.
Eating healthy foods is important for staying strong and active. Fruits and C) Plants need sunlight to grow. D) The sun is a big ball of
vegetables give us vitamins, while proteins like eggs and fish help build fire.
muscles. Drinking water instead of sugary drinks also keeps our bodies
healthy. Making good food choices helps us feel better and have more 3. Eating Healthy Foods
energy.
Eating healthy foods is important for staying strong and active. Fruits and
vegetables give us vitamins, while proteins like eggs and fish help build Figures – numbers, percentages, or amounts that give exact information.
muscles. Drinking water instead of sugary drinks also keeps our bodies Dates – specific times or years that show when something happened.
healthy. Making good food choices helps us feel better and have more Statistical Reports – studies that collect data to show trends.
Research Findings – scientific studies that prove something is true.
energy.
🔹 What is the main idea of the paragraph? For example, if we are writing about climate change, a fact could be:
A) Eating healthy helps us stay strong and active. B) Water is better
than sugary drinks. "According to NASA, the Earth's average surface temperature has risen by about
C) Fruits and vegetables taste good. D) Protein helps build 1.2 degrees Celsius since the late 19th century."
muscles.
This is a fact because NASA is a reliable source and the statement is based on
research.

Opinions
Opinions are personal beliefs or thoughts. However, some opinions are informed,
meaning they are based on knowledge and research. We can use paraphrasing
(rewriting in our own words) or summarizing (shortening the idea) when sharing
opinions from experts.

For example, if discussing healthy eating, an informed opinion could be:

A nutritionist suggests that eating fruits and vegetables daily can help prevent
diseases because they provide essential vitamins and minerals.

This is an informed opinion because it comes from a professional who studied

nutrition.

Why Are Supporting Details Important?

Supporting details help readers understand and believe the main idea. Without
facts and informed opinions, statements might seem weak or unconvincing.
Writers and speakers should always use good sources to support their points.

Identifying Details that Support the Main Idea

Identifying Details that Support the Main Idea
When writing or reading, it is important to support the main idea with details.
These details make the information stronger and more believable. There are two When writing or reading, it is important to support the main idea with details.
main types of supporting details: facts and opinions. These details make the information stronger and more believable. There are two
main types of supporting details: facts and opinions.
Facts
Facts are true statements that can be proven. They come from reliable sources Facts
like books, research, or expert reports. Facts include:
Facts are true statements that can be proven. They come from reliable sources ✔ Best Supporting Detail:
like books, research, or expert reports. Facts include: a) "Running every morning is boring."
b) "According to experts, exercising for 30 minutes a day helps reduce the risk of
Figures – numbers, percentages, or amounts that give exact information. heart disease."
Dates – specific times or years that show when something happened. c) "I think yoga is better than weightlifting."
Statistical Reports – studies that collect data to show trends. d) "Watching TV is more fun than going to the gym."
Research Findings – scientific studies that prove something is true. ✔ This is a: a) Fact b) Opinion

For example, if we are writing about climate change, a fact could be: 2. Main Idea: "Reading improves your vocabulary."
✔ Best Supporting Detail:
"According to NASA, the Earth's average surface temperature has risen by about a) "Books are fun to read before bed."
1.2 degrees Celsius since the late 19th century." b) "Some books are more interesting than others."
c) "Studies show that people who read often know more words than those who
This is a fact because NASA is a reliable source and the statement is based on don’t."
research. d) "I prefer watching movies instead of reading."
✔ This is a: a) Fact b) Opinion
Opinions
Opinions are personal beliefs or thoughts. However, some opinions are informed, 3. Main Idea: "Drinking water is important for your body."
meaning they are based on knowledge and research. We can use paraphrasing ✔ Best Supporting Detail:
(rewriting in our own words) or summarizing (shortening the idea) when sharing a) "Water is tasteless and boring to drink."
opinions from experts. b) "Doctors recommend drinking at least 8 glasses of water per day."
c) "I think juice is better than water because it has more flavor."
For example, if discussing healthy eating, an informed opinion could be: d) "Soft drinks are more delicious than plain water."
✔ This is a: a) Fact b) Opinion
A nutritionist suggests that eating fruits and vegetables daily can help prevent
diseases because they provide essential vitamins and minerals. 4. Main Idea: "Technology makes life easier."
✔ Best Supporting Detail:
This is an informed opinion because it comes from a professional who studied a) "Many people say they couldn’t live without their smartphones."
nutrition. b) "Smartphones allow people to communicate instantly across long distances."
c) "I think using a computer is more fun than writing by hand."
Why Are Supporting Details Important? d) "Social media is better than face-to-face communication."
Supporting details help readers understand and believe the main idea. Without ✔ This is a: a) Fact b) Opinion
facts and informed opinions, statements might seem weak or unconvincing.
Writers and speakers should always use good sources to support their points.

Activity: Identifying Facts, Opinions, and Supporting Details Activity: Identifying Facts, Opinions, and Supporting Details
Instructions: Read each statement carefully. For each question: Choose the best Instructions: Read each statement carefully. For each question: Choose the best
supporting detail for the given main idea. Identify whether the supporting detail is supporting detail for the given main idea. Identify whether the supporting detail is
a Fact or Opinion . a Fact or Opinion .

1. Main Idea: "Exercise is good for your health." 1. Main Idea: "Exercise is good for your health."
✔ Best Supporting Detail: "The Earth revolves around the sun." (This is a fact that can be proven.)
a) "Running every morning is boring." "Climate change is caused by human activity." (This can be researched
b) "According to experts, exercising for 30 minutes a day helps reduce the risk of and proven with evidence.)
heart disease."
c) "I think yoga is better than weightlifting."
Claim of Value: This type of statement expresses an opinion about
d) "Watching TV is more fun than going to the gym."
✔ This is a: a) Fact b) Opinion
something, saying if it is good or bad, right or wrong. It's based on
personal beliefs or ideas of what's important.
2. Main Idea: "Reading improves your vocabulary." Examples:
✔ Best Supporting Detail: "Protecting the environment is the right thing to do." (This is based on
a) "Books are fun to read before bed." what people think is good.)
b) "Some books are more interesting than others." "Artificial intelligence is dangerous for humanity." (This is someone’s
c) "Studies show that people who read often know more words than those who opinion on whether it’s bad or not.)
don’t."
d) "I prefer watching movies instead of reading." Claim of Policy: This type of statement suggests what should be done
✔ This is a: a) Fact b) Opinion
to solve a problem or make something better. It talks about actions that
3. Main Idea: "Drinking water is important for your body."
should be taken.
✔ Best Supporting Detail: Examples:
a) "Water is tasteless and boring to drink." "Governments should make stronger rules to reduce air pollution." (This is
b) "Doctors recommend drinking at least 8 glasses of water per day." suggesting what should happen.)
c) "I think juice is better than water because it has more flavor." "Schools should give free meals to all students to stop hunger." (This
d) "Soft drinks are more delicious than plain water." suggests an action that can help solve a problem.)
✔ This is a: a) Fact b) Opinion
In summary:
4. Main Idea: "Technology makes life easier." Claim of Fact = What is true or false.
✔ Best Supporting Detail:
Claim of Value = What is good or bad (opinion).
a) "Many people say they couldn’t live without their smartphones."
Claim of Policy = What should be done (suggestion for action).
b) "Smartphones allow people to communicate instantly across long distances."
c) "I think using a computer is more fun than writing by hand."
d) "Social media is better than face-to-face communication."
✔ This is a: a) Fact b) Opinion

Understanding Claims: Fact, Value, and Policy

Understanding Claims: Fact, Value, and Policy
Claim of Fact: This type of statement says if something is true or false.
Claim of Fact: This type of statement says if something is true or false. It can be proven or disproven with facts or evidence.
It can be proven or disproven with facts or evidence. Examples:
Examples: "The Earth revolves around the sun." (This is a fact that can be proven.)
"Climate change is caused by human activity." (This can be researched 3. "Reading books can improve your vocabulary and imagination."
and proven with evidence.) 4. "Fast food is bad for your health."
5. "The government should increase taxes on sugary drinks to fight
Claim of Value: This type of statement expresses an opinion about obesity."
something, saying if it is good or bad, right or wrong. It's based on 6. "The moon orbits the Earth."
personal beliefs or ideas of what's important. 7. “Video games are a fun way to relax and spend free time."
Examples: 8. "Schools should teach students about climate change to raise
"Protecting the environment is the right thing to do." (This is based on awareness."
what people think is good.) 9. "Climate change is caused by human activity."
"Artificial intelligence is dangerous for humanity." (This is someone’s 10. "It’s important to protect endangered species."
opinion on whether it’s bad or not.)
Activity: Identify the Types of Claims in a Problem-Solution
Claim of Policy: This type of statement suggests what should be done Paragraph
to solve a problem or make something better. It talks about actions that Instructions: Read the paragraph below. After reading, fill in the table by
should be taken. identifying which claims are Fact, Value, or Policy. Write the claim and its
Examples: type in the appropriate column.
"Governments should make stronger rules to reduce air pollution." (This is
suggesting what should happen.) Paragraph:
"Schools should give free meals to all students to stop hunger." (This "Pollution is one of the biggest problems facing our planet today. Many
suggests an action that can help solve a problem.) people believe that human activity, like burning fossil fuels and
deforestation, is the main cause of pollution. While some people argue
In summary: that pollution is a natural process, it is clear that human actions have
Claim of Fact = What is true or false. made it worse. To protect our environment, we should focus on renewable
Claim of Value = What is good or bad (opinion). energy sources and reduce waste. Governments should pass stricter laws
Claim of Policy = What should be done (suggestion for action). to limit carbon emissions. Protecting the Earth is not just important, but
it’s our responsibility."

Table of Claims
FACTS VALUE POLICY

Activity: Identify the Claims

Instructions: Read each statement below. Then, decide whether the
statement is a Claim of Fact, Claim of Value, or Claim of Policy. Write Activity: Identify the Claims
your answers in the blank spaces provided. Instructions: Read each statement below. Then, decide whether the
statement is a Claim of Fact, Claim of Value, or Claim of Policy. Write
1. "Recycling helps reduce waste and saves energy." your answers in the blank spaces provided.
2. "All students should wear school uniforms to promote equality."
1. "Recycling helps reduce waste and saves energy."
2. "All students should wear school uniforms to promote equality."
3. "Reading books can improve your vocabulary and imagination."
4. "Fast food is bad for your health."
5. "The government should increase taxes on sugary drinks to fight
obesity."
6. "The moon orbits the Earth."
7. “Video games are a fun way to relax and spend free time."
8. "Schools should teach students about climate change to raise
awareness."
9. "Climate change is caused by human activity."
10. "It’s important to protect endangered species."

Activity: Identify the Types of Claims in a Problem-Solution

Paragraph
Instructions: Read the paragraph below. After reading, fill in the table by
identifying which claims are Fact, Value, or Policy. Write the claim and its
type in the appropriate column.

Paragraph:
"Pollution is one of the biggest problems facing our planet today. Many
people believe that human activity, like burning fossil fuels and
deforestation, is the main cause of pollution. While some people argue
that pollution is a natural process, it is clear that human actions have
made it worse. To protect our environment, we should focus on renewable
energy sources and reduce waste. Governments should pass stricter laws
to limit carbon emissions. Protecting the Earth is not just important, but
it’s our responsibility."

Table of Claims
FACTS VALUE POLICY