CLOUD COMPUTING

MODULE: 3

Implementation: Study of Cloud computing Systems like Amazon EC2 and S3, Google
App Engine, and Microsoft Azure, Build Private/Hybrid Cloud using open source tools,
SLA management.

☁️ IMPLEMENTATION: Study of Cloud

Computing Systems

🔷 What does it mean?

✅ Definition (English):
"Study of Cloud Computing Systems" means understanding how different real-world cloud
platforms and services work — including their structure, services, advantages, and use
cases.

✅ Definition (Hinglish):
Study of Cloud Computing Systems ka matlab hai ki hum real-life mein use hone wale cloud
platforms (jaise AWS, Google Cloud, Azure) ko detail mein samjhein — ki wo kaise kaam karte
hain, unka kya structure hai, aur kis purpose ke liye use hote hain.
🧱 Main Components of Cloud Computing Systems:

🔹 1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Provides virtual hardware (VMs, storage, networks)​
Example: Amazon EC2, Google Compute Engine

🔹 2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Provides tools and platforms for building applications​
Example: Google App Engine, Heroku

🔹 3. Software as a Service (SaaS)

Provides ready-to-use software over the internet​
Example: Gmail, Dropbox, Microsoft 365
🏢 Examples of Popular Cloud Computing Systems
☁️ 1. Amazon Web Services (AWS)
●​ World's largest cloud provider​

●​ Offers EC2 (virtual machines), S3 (storage), Lambda (serverless), RDS (databases)​

●​ Used by Netflix, NASA, and many startups​

🧠 Tip to Remember:​
AWS = All-in-One Cloud Supermarket

☁️ 2. Google Cloud Platform (GCP)

●​ Google’s cloud service​

●​ Popular tools: Google App Engine, Google Cloud Storage, BigQuery​

 ●​ Focuses on AI, ML, and Big Data​

🧠 Tip to Remember:​
GCP = Google for Code, Cloud, and AI Power

☁️ 3. Microsoft Azure
●​ Microsoft’s cloud system​

●​ Offers Azure VMs, Azure Blob Storage, Azure SQL Database​

●​ Used widely in corporate IT environments​

🧠 Tip to Remember:​
Azure = Azure Blue Cloud for Business IT

💻 How These Systems Work (Basic Flow)

[User Request]
↓
[Cloud Platform Receives Request]
↓
[Allocates Resources (VMs, Storage)]
↓
[Executes Task / Hosts App / Stores Data]
↓
[User Gets Response via Internet]

📋 Real-Life Examples:
Cloud Real-Life Use Case
System

Amazon EC2 Host a website or backend service

Amazon S3 Store images, videos, backups

Google Drive Cloud file sharing (SaaS)

Azure DevOps Build, test, and deploy apps in pipeline

Netflix (AWS) Streams movies using AWS EC2 + S3

✅ Advantages of Studying Cloud Systems

●​ 🟢 Helps understand real platforms (AWS, GCP, Azure)​
●​ 🟢 Builds base for cloud certifications and careers​
●​ 🟢 Shows how real companies solve big problems using cloud​
●​ 🟢 Important for app developers and IT admins​

❌ Disadvantages / Challenges
●​ 🔴 Too many tools to learn​
●​ 🔴 Each platform has different interfaces​
 ●​ 🔴 Requires basic coding or networking knowledge​
●​ 🔴 Can be costly for heavy usage​

🧠 Summary Table:
Feature AWS GCP Azure

Compute EC2 Compute Azure VM

Engine

Storage S3 Cloud Storage Blob Storage

Database RDS Cloud SQL SQL Database

Serverless Lambda Cloud Functions Azure Functions

Focus Scalability, General AI, Big Data Business

Area Integration

📝 Exam Tips:
✔️ Learn names of at least 2 cloud systems: AWS and GCP or Azure​
✔️ Know what EC2 and S3 do (must-write examples)​
✔️ Draw simple diagram showing user ↔ cloud ↔ response​
✔️ Learn IaaS vs PaaS vs SaaS examples​
✔️ Use real-life examples like Netflix (AWS), Gmail (SaaS), Google Drive (Cloud Storage)

🖼️ Diagram: Simple View of a Cloud System

[User Device]
↓
[Cloud Front End]
↓
[Virtual Machines / Storage (Back End)]
↓
[Database / App Execution]
🌩️ Implementation: Study of Cloud
Computing Systems like Amazon EC2 and
S3

🔷 1. Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)

✅ Definition (English):
Amazon EC2 is a cloud-based virtual server provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS). It
allows users to run applications and host websites on virtual machines (called instances) that
you can create, configure, and scale as needed.

✅ Definition (Hinglish):
Amazon EC2 ek cloud service hai jisme aap virtual computer (instance) create karke usme
apna software, website, ya application run kar sakte ho — bina physical server ke tension ke.
🛠️ Key Features of EC2:
●​ On-demand virtual servers (instances)​

●​ Full control over operating system, storage, etc.​

●​ Auto-scaling and load balancing support​

●​ Pay-as-you-go pricing (only pay for what you use)​

⚙️ Working of EC2 (Simple Steps):

1.​ User selects an AMI (Amazon Machine Image) which has OS + Software.​

2.​ Chooses Instance Type (like t2.micro for small, m5.large for heavy use).​

3.​ Launches the instance, connects via SSH/Remote Desktop.​

4.​ Deploys app, software, or website.​

5.​ Can start, stop, terminate, or scale instance anytime.​

🌍 Real-Life Example:
A startup wants to host a website. Instead of buying a physical server, they launch a t2.micro
EC2 instance and deploy the website on it. As traffic grows, they switch to a m5.large instance.

✅ Advantages of EC2:
●​ 🔹 No need to buy hardware​
●​ 🔹 Highly scalable​
●​ 🔹 Pay only for used resources​
●​ 🔹 Supports variety of OS (Linux, Windows)​
●​ 🔹 Good for testing and development​

❌ Disadvantages of EC2:
●​ 🔸 If not monitored, cost can grow fast​
●​ 🔸 Security setup is user's responsibility​
●​ 🔸 Needs technical knowledge to manage​

🟧 2. Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)

✅ Definition (English):
Amazon S3 is a scalable object storage service used to store and retrieve any amount of
data, anytime, from anywhere on the web.

✅ Definition (Hinglish):
Amazon S3 ek cloud storage service hai jisme aap images, videos, documents, backups ya
koi bhi data store karke internet se kabhi bhi access kar sakte ho.
🛠️ Key Features of S3:
●​ Stores files as objects in buckets​

●​ Unlimited storage capacity​

●​ High durability (99.999999999%)​

●​ Access control, versioning, lifecycle rules​

⚙️ Working of S3 (Simple Steps):

1.​ User creates a bucket (like a folder).​

2.​ Uploads files (objects) into the bucket.​

3.​ Sets permissions — public, private, etc.​

4.​ Can use S3 for website hosting, backups, data sharing.​

5.​ Files can be accessed using a URL or AWS SDK/API.

 TRANSFER DATA FROM S3 TO MYSQL​

🌍 Real-Life Example:
An app needs to store user-uploaded profile pictures. Instead of using local storage, it uses S3
to store images and fetch them when needed.

✅ Advantages of S3:
●​ 🔹 Highly scalable storage​
●​ 🔹 Very reliable and secure​
●​ 🔹 Can store backups, media files, logs​
●​ 🔹 Easy integration with other AWS services​
●​ 🔹 Flexible access control​

❌ Disadvantages of S3:
 ●​ 🔸 Access speeds depend on internet​
●​ 🔸 Additional costs for frequent access​
●​ 🔸 Not ideal for real-time file editing​

🔁 EC2 vs S3 (Difference Table)

Feature EC2 S3

Type Virtual server / Compute Service Object storage service

Purpose Running apps, websites, software Storing files, backups, logs

Data Type Runs OS and applications Stores files as objects

Usage Example Hosting a web app Storing images for the app

Costing Based on instance type and Based on storage space and access
usage time frequency

Real-Time Yes, full OS control No OS — only file access

Access

🧠 Tips to Remember (Exam Prep):

🟢 EC2 = Virtual Machine for Computing​
🟠 S3 = Cloud Folder for Storing Files
🧩 Trick to Remember:
"EC2 = Execution of Code, S3 = Store, Share, Secure"

📌 Important Points for Exam:

●​ EC2 provides virtual servers for hosting applications.​

●​ S3 provides storage buckets to keep any file/data.​

 ●​ Both are part of AWS Cloud Infrastructure.​

●​ Know basic differences, real-life usage, and working.​

●​ Draw a small diagram to show EC2 as computing and S3 as storage.​

📊 Diagram: EC2 vs S3 Simple Concept

+-------------------+ +------------------+
| Amazon EC2 | | Amazon S3 |
| (Virtual Machine) | | (File Storage) |
+-------------------+ +------------------+
| |
+-----------------+ +---------------------+
| Run Website/App | | Store Images, Logs |
+-----------------+ +---------------------+

🌐 Google App Engine and Microsoft

Azure

🔹 1. Google App Engine (GAE)

✅ Definition (English):
Google App Engine is a Platform as a Service (PaaS) provided by Google. It allows
developers to build and host applications directly on Google’s infrastructure without managing
servers.

✅ Definition (Hinglish):
Google App Engine ek cloud platform hai jo developers ko apps banane aur host karne ki
facility deta hai — bina server setup ki tension ke. Ye Google ke data centers par directly run
hota hai.
🛠️ Key Features of GAE:
●​ Supports popular languages: Python, Java, Node.js, PHP​

●​ Auto-scaling — app grows automatically as user traffic increases​

●​ Built-in services like datastore, task queues, and memcache​

●​ No server management required​

🌍 Real-Life Example:
A startup wants to build a chatbot. They can use Google App Engine to host the chatbot
backend written in Python, and it will auto-scale during peak hours.

✅ Advantages of GAE:
●​ 🔹 Developer-friendly (no need to manage servers)​
●​ 🔹 Supports multiple languages​
●​ 🔹 Auto-scaling and load balancing​
●​ 🔹 Tight integration with other Google Cloud Services​

❌ Disadvantages of GAE:
●​ 🔸 Limited control over hardware​
●​ 🔸 Vendor lock-in (tied to Google ecosystem)​
●​ 🔸 Customizations can be difficult​
🟦 Diagram: Google App Engine Architecture (Simple)

[User Request]
↓
Google App Engine
┌──────────────┐
│ Your App Code│
│ Datastore │
│ Task Queues │
└──────────────┘
↓
Auto Scale / Deploy

🔹 2. Microsoft Azure
✅ Definition (English):
Microsoft Azure is a complete cloud computing platform that provides Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS) for building,
testing, deploying, and managing applications through Microsoft-managed data centers.

✅ Definition (Hinglish):
Microsoft Azure ek full-featured cloud platform hai jisme aap virtual machines, apps,
storage, aur databases sab kuch cloud mein use kar sakte ho — Microsoft ke servers par.

🛠️ Key Features of Azure:

●​ Offers VMs, Storage, AI Tools, Databases, DevOps​

●​ Hybrid Cloud (connect on-premise + cloud)​

●​ Strong support for .NET and Windows apps​

●​ Integration with Microsoft 365 and GitHub​

🌍 Real-Life Example:
A big company wants to run its HR system in the cloud. It uses Azure SQL Database for storing
employee data and Azure VM to run the HR application.

✅ Advantages of Azure:
 ●​ 🔹 Provides both Windows and Linux support​
●​ 🔹 Enterprise-ready with strong security​
●​ 🔹 Good for hybrid cloud use​
●​ 🔹 Excellent for Microsoft-based environments​

❌ Disadvantages of Azure:
●​ 🔸 Complex pricing​
●​ 🔸 Slightly steeper learning curve​
●​ 🔸 Performance can vary by region​

🟦 Diagram: Microsoft Azure Services Overview (Simple)

Microsoft Azure
┌───────────────────┐
│ Azure VM │
│ Azure Blob Storage│
│ Azure SQL DB │
│ App Services │
└───────────────────┘
↓ ↓
Deploy Apps Store Data

🧠 GAE vs Azure (Difference Table)

Feature Google App Engine Microsoft Azure

Type Platform as a Service IaaS, PaaS, SaaS (Complete Cloud

(PaaS) Suite)
Use Case Hosting and scaling web Hosting apps, VMs, storage, AI,
apps databases

Server No (serverless) Yes (optional VMs)

Management

Best For Startups, developers Enterprises, .NET users

Integration Google Cloud tools Microsoft services (365, GitHub, etc.)

✍️ Tips to Remember (Exam + Interview)

🟡 GAE = App Hosting without Server Management​
🔵 Azure = Full Cloud Platform by Microsoft
🔑 Memory Trick:
"App Engine = Easy App Hosting,​
Azure = All Cloud Services Under One Roof"

📋 Possible Questions
1.​ 2 Marks:​
Q. What is Google App Engine?​
A. It is a PaaS by Google that allows developers to build and host applications on
Google infrastructure without managing the underlying hardware.​

2.​ 5 Marks:​
Q. Compare Google App Engine and Microsoft Azure with examples.​
A. (Use the table above + real-life use cases to answer.)​

☁️Build Private/Hybrid Cloud Using Open

Source Tools
🔷 1. What is a Private and Hybrid Cloud?
✅ Private Cloud (English):
A cloud environment used only by one organization. It offers full control, privacy, and
security.

✅ Private Cloud (Hinglish):

Private cloud ek aisa cloud hota hai jo sirf ek organization ke liye hota hai. Isme data aur apps
kisi aur ke sath share nahi hote — secure aur fully controlled hota hai.
✅ Hybrid Cloud (English):
A cloud environment that combines private cloud + public cloud to allow data and applications
to be shared between them.

✅ Hybrid Cloud (Hinglish):

Hybrid cloud ek aisa setup hai jisme private cloud aur public cloud dono ka combination
hota hai — taaki kuch data secure rahe aur kuch flexible tarike se bahar use ho sake.

🔧 2. What are Open Source Tools?

✅ Definition:
Open source tools are freely available software platforms where the source code is open to
the public. You can use, modify, and customize them to build your own cloud systems.

Open Source Flowchart:

⚙️ 3. Popular Open Source Tools for Cloud Building:
Tool Name Use / Function

OpenStack Build full private or hybrid cloud

CloudStack Manage IaaS-style cloud

environments

Eucalyptus Build AWS-compatible private clouds

Proxmox VE Virtualization + container-based cloud

KVM + Libvirt Hypervisor + VM management tools

Docker + Containerized cloud environment

Kubernetes

🧱 4. Steps to Build a Private/Hybrid Cloud Using Open

Source Tools
🛠️ A. For Private Cloud (using OpenStack)
 1.​ Set up physical servers (or VMs in testing)​

2.​ Install Linux OS (Ubuntu/CentOS)​

3.​ Install OpenStack modules like Nova (compute), Neutron (network), Glance (image),
Horizon (dashboard)​

4.​ Connect storage and network resources​

5.​ Create users, tenants, and VMs via Horizon (web dashboard)​

🔑 Key Tools:​
👉 OpenStack, KVM, Ceph (storage), Horizon

🛠️ B. For Hybrid Cloud

1.​ Build Private Cloud using OpenStack (Step A)​

2.​ Use OpenStack + AWS / Azure / GCP APIs​

3.​ Configure VPN or secure API connection between private and public cloud​

4.​ Use Hybrid cloud orchestrators (like Morpheus, Terraform, or Eucalyptus)​

🔑 Key Point:​
Hybrid Cloud = Private Cloud (self-managed) + Public Cloud (AWS/Azure) connected securely

🖼️ 5. Simple Diagram – Private vs Hybrid Cloud

[ Private Cloud ] [ Hybrid Cloud ]
┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐
│ Internal VM │ <-- Only org │ Internal VM │
│ Storage │ │ Public VM │
│ Network │ │ Storage │
└─────────────┘ └─────────────┘
↕
(Secure API Link)
🔍 6. Real-Life Example:
✅ Private Cloud Example:
A hospital sets up OpenStack private cloud to store patient records securely inside their
network.

✅ Hybrid Cloud Example:

A college stores sensitive student data in private cloud but uses Google Cloud (public) to
host its website.

✅ 7. Advantages
Private Cloud Hybrid Cloud

🔒 High security and control 🔁 Flexibility and scalability

🧠 Customizable infrastructure 💰 Cost-effective (use public when needed)
🚫 No third-party data exposure 🔗 Combine best of both (secure + elastic)

❌ 8. Disadvantages
Private Cloud Hybrid Cloud

💸 High setup and maintenance ⚙️ Complex integration

cost

🔧 Requires technical expertise 🔄 May have latency or data syncing

issues

🧠 9. Tips and Tricks to Remember

🎯 Memory Trick:​
"OpenStack = Open your own Stack (Private Cloud)"​
"Hybrid = Half mine, Half online"

📝 Exam Tips:
 ●​ Always name at least 2 tools: OpenStack and CloudStack​

●​ Mention a real-life example (hospital, college)​

●​ Use a simple diagram​

●​ Compare Private vs Hybrid cloud (2 marks)​

●​ Practice definitions of Open Source, Private Cloud, Hybrid Cloud​

📋 10. Sample Questions

🔹 Q1 (2 Marks):
What is OpenStack?​
Ans: OpenStack is an open-source software platform used to build and manage private or
hybrid cloud infrastructure by controlling compute, storage, and networking resources.

🔹 Q2 (5 Marks):
Explain how to build a hybrid cloud using open-source tools.​
Ans:

●​ First, set up a private cloud using tools like OpenStack.​

●​ Then, connect it securely with public clouds (like AWS or GCP) using APIs.​

●​ Tools like Eucalyptus or Terraform can help manage this hybrid connection.​

●​ Hybrid cloud allows sensitive data to stay private while public services handle general
tasks.​
📄 SLA Management (Service Level
Agreement Management)

🔷 1. What is SLA?
✅ Definition (English):
An SLA (Service Level Agreement) is a formal agreement between the cloud service
provider and the customer that defines the expected level of service — such as uptime,
performance, support, and security.

✅ Definition (Hinglish):
SLA ek contract (agreement) hota hai cloud provider aur customer ke beech, jisme ye fix
hota hai ki service kis level tak chalegi — jaise uptime, performance, support, ya security.

🔧 2. What is SLA Management?

✅ English:
SLA Management means monitoring, maintaining, and ensuring that the service provider is
fulfilling the agreed SLAs. If SLAs are not met, penalties or compensations are often applied.

✅ Hinglish:
SLA management ka matlab hai ki jo promises cloud provider ne kiye the, unko properly
check karna, maintain karna, aur ensure karna ki service sahi level pe deliver ho rahi hai. Agar
SLA fail ho jaye, to fine ya compensation milta hai.
🧠 3. Why SLA is Important?
●​ Ensures trust between customer and provider​

●​ Sets clear expectations​

●​ Protects both parties legally​

●​ Defines performance targets​

●​ Allows penalty or refund in case of failure​

📄 4. SLA Includes:
Component Description

Uptime Guarantee Example: 99.9% availability

Response Time How fast customer support responds

Data Security How your data is protected

Performance Minimum required performance or speed

Backup & Recovery How often data is backed up and restored

Penalty Clause Compensation if the provider fails SLA terms

🌐 5. Real-Life Example:
●​ Suppose Amazon AWS promises 99.9% uptime in SLA.​

●​ If AWS fails to maintain this uptime, it will refund credits to customers.​

●​ This is SLA Management in action — monitor → detect SLA breach → compensate.​

🏗️ 6. Types of SLAs

Type English Hinglish Definition Example

Definition

Customer-b SLA for one Ek customer ke liye customized One client gets
ased customer SLA 99.99% uptime

Service-bas SLA for one Ek particular service ke liye All users get
ed service common SLA 99.9% for email
Multi-level Combines Different departments/customers ke HR gets more
different SLA liye different SLAs storage, others
levels less

🖼️ 7. Simple Diagram: SLA Management Flow

[Customer] ⇄ [Cloud Provider]
↓
SLA Agreement (Uptime, Support, etc.)
↓
SLA Monitoring Tool (Tracks metrics)
↓
Report SLA Breach? → Compensation / Alert

✅ 8. Advantages of SLA Management

●​ ✔️ Ensures quality and reliability​
●​ ✔️ Boosts customer satisfaction​
●​ ✔️ Helps in dispute resolution​
 ●​ ✔️ Tracks provider performance​

❌ 9. Disadvantages
●​ ❌ SLA enforcement may be difficult in complex systems​
●​ ❌ Penalties might not fully cover business loss​
●​ ❌ Hard to monitor custom SLAs in large environments​

🧠 10. Memory Tricks / Tips for Exam

🎯 Memory Trick:​
➡️ "If they fail, you prevail (get refund or compensation)"
SLA = "Service Level Assurance"​

📌 Always remember:​
Uptime + Support + Performance = SLA

📋 11. Sample Questions

🔹 Q1 (2 Marks):
What is an SLA in cloud computing?​
Ans:​
An SLA (Service Level Agreement) is a legal contract between a cloud provider and customer
that defines service expectations like uptime, performance, and support.

🔹 Q2 (5 Marks):
Explain SLA Management in cloud computing with example.​
Ans:​
SLA Management means monitoring whether the cloud provider is fulfilling agreed service
levels such as uptime, performance, and support.​
For example, AWS guarantees 99.9% uptime. If this drops below that, AWS gives service
credits to affected users. SLA Management tools help monitor, report, and manage SLA
breaches effectively.

✅ Summary
Term Meaning

SLA Agreement of service level

SLA Mgmt Monitoring & enforcing SLA

Key Areas Uptime, Security, Support

Example AWS credits for downtime