METU Department of Mathematics - Math 120 - Final Exam - June 06, 2024

************* PLEASE WRITE YOUR NAME CLEARLY USING CAPITAL LETTERS *************
F U L L N A M E (write in CAPITAL letters clearly) STUDENT ID DURATION: 120 MINUTES
10 QUESTIONS ON 4 PAGES
SAMPLE SOLUTIONS 120120-2 TOTAL: 100 POINTS

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∞
X 3
Q.1 (3 × 5 = 15 pts) Suppose {an } is a sequence with an = . Let bn = a1 + a2 + . . . + an .
n=1
2
a) Is {bn } convergent or divergent? Explain.
∞
X 3
Observe that {bn } is the partial sum sequence of the infinite series an = . By the definition of the
n=1
2
∞
X 3 3
infinite sum of a sequence, since an = , limn→∞ bn = 2
and so {bn } is convergent.
n=1
2
b) Is {an } convergent or divergent? Explain.
∞
X
Since an is a convergent series, by the n-th term test, we must have that limn→∞ an = 0. Hence
n=1
{an } is convergent.
X∞
c) Is bn convergent or divergent? Explain.
n=1
∞
X
3
Since limn→∞ bn = 2
̸= 0 by Part (a), using the n-th term test, we see that bn is divergent.
n=1
Q.2 (10 pts) Using Lagrange multipliers find the maximum and minimum values of the function
f (x, y) = x2 − 2x + y 2 + 6y − 3
subject to x2 + y 2 = 10 .
Observe that the circle x2 +y 2 = 10 is closed and bounded, and f is continuous on this circle. Therefore,
f has an absolute minimum and maximum on this circle. Set g(x, y) = x2 + y 2 − 10. By the method
of Lagrange multipliers, we know that these values will be among the critical points of the Lagrangian
⃗ = ⃗0, we get the equations
function L(x, y, λ) = f (x, y) + λg(x, y). Setting ∇L
2x − 2 + λ2x = 0
2y + 6 + λ2y = 0
x2 + y 2 − 10 = 0
Consequently, we have x(λ + 1) = 1 and y(λ + 1) = 3 from which it follows that x1 = −3 y
. Plugging in
2
this into the last equation, we get x = 1 which subsequently gives the solutions x = 1, y = −3, λ = 0
and x = −1, y = 3, λ = −2. Checking the values of f at these candidate points gives f (1, −3) = −13
and f (−1, 3) = 27. Therefore, the absolute maximum and the absolute minimum of f on this circle
are −13 and 27 respectively.
Q.3 (8 pts) Evaluate the indicated limit or explain why it does not exist.
xy 3 tan(x)
lim
(x,y)→(0,0) x4 + y 6
Approaching (0, 0) along the curve x2 = y 3 , we obtain the limit
xy 3 tan x t · t3 tan(t) t4 tan t 1
lim 4 6
= lim 4 4
= lim 4 4
· =
(x,y)→(0,0) x +y t→0 t +t t→0 t + t t 2
along x2 =y 3

However, if we approach (0, 0) along the line x = 0, we have that

xy 3 tan x
lim =0
(x,y)→(0,0) x4 + y 6
along x=0

xy 3 tan(x)
Hence lim does not exist.
(x,y)→(0,0) x4 + y 6
OR
Approaching (0, 0) along the curve mx2 = y 3 , we obtain the limit

xy 3 tan x t · mt2 tan(t) mt3 tan t m

lim 4 6
= lim 4 2 4
= lim 3 2 3
· = · 1.
(x,y)→(0,0) x +y t→0 t + m t t→0 t + m t t 1 + m2
along mx2 =y 3

m xy 3 tan(x)
For different m we have different limit values, namely, 1+m2
, hence lim does not exist.
(x,y)→(0,0) x4 + y 6

Q.4 (9 pts) Consider the iterated integral given in spherical coordinates:

 π  π
4
 1
I= ρ120 sin ϕ dρ dϕ dθ
0 0 0
Express I in terms of iterated integral(s) in Cartesian coordinates. (DO NOT EVALUATE!)

Observe that, since ρ118 = (x2 + y 2 + z 2 )59 , the integral I is the iteration of the triple integral

(x2 + y 2 + z 2 )59 dV
R
p
where R is the region in space that is inside the sphere x2 +y 2 +z 2 = 1 and above the cone z = x2 + y 2
and in the half space y ≥ 0. Observe that the projection of this region onto the xy-plane is the half
disk given by the inequalities x2 + y 2 ≤ 1/2 and y ≥ 0. Therefore, reiterating this triple integral in
cartesian coordinates, we obtain
 √  √ 1/ 2  √ 1/2−x2 1−x2 −y 2

√ √ (x2 + y 2 + z 2 )59 dz dy dx
−1/ 2 0 x2 +y 2

Q.5 (9 pts) Let S be the solid domain which lies above the paraboloid z = x2 + y 2 and below the
plane z = 2x. Write an iterated integral or integrals in cylindrical coordinates which computes the
volume of S. (DO NOT EVALUATE!)

Observe that the projection of this solid onto the xy-plane is the disk given by (x − 1)2 + y 2 ≤ 1.
The polar parametrization of the boundary of this disk is given by r = 2 cos θ where − π2 ≤ θ ≤ − π2 .
Therefore, the triple integral S dV which gives the volume of S is iterated in cylindrical coordinates
as  π   2
2 cos θ 2r cos θ
1 · r dz dr dθ
− π2 0 r2
Full Name: Student ID:
 π π
sin y
Q.6 (8 pts) Evaluate dy dx
0 x y
Observe that, since we have no elementary function that is an antiderivative of siny y with respect to y,
 to change the order of integraion. This iterated double integral is the iteration of the double
we will try
integral D siny y dA where D is the triangular region in plane given by the inequalities 0 ≤ x ≤ π and
x ≤ y ≤ π. Reiterating this double integral in the integration order dxdy, we have
  π  y  π  π
sin y sin y sin y x=y y=π
dA = dx dy = x dy = sin y dy = − cos y =2
D y 0 0 y 0 y x=0 0 y=0

2 2
Q.7 (9 pts) Let D = {(x, y) : x + y ≤ 2, y ≤ 1}. Express f (x, y) dA as an iterated integral or
D
integrals in polar coordinates. (DO NOT EVALUATE!)

  3π/4  csc θ  9π/4  √

2
f (x, y) dA = f (r cos θ, r sin θ) r dr dθ + f (r cos θ, r sin θ) r dr dθ
π/4 0 3π/4 0
D
or
  2π  √
2  3π/4  √
2
f (x, y) dA = f (r cos θ, r sin θ) r dr dθ − f (r cos θ, r sin θ) r dr dθ
0 0 π/4 csc θ
D

Q.8 (9 pts) Evaluate the line integral


x dx + x2 y dy
C
2 2
where C is the part of the circle x + y = 4 from (−2, 0) to (0, 2) clockwise, followed by the line
segment from (0, 2) to (0, 3).
The part C1 of the circle x2 + y 2 = 4 from (−2, 0) to (0, 2) is parametrized by r1 (t) = ⟨− 2 cos t, 2 sin t⟩,
0 ≤ t ≤ π/2 and the line segment C2 from (0, 2) to (0, 3) is parametrized by r2 (t) = ⟨0, t⟩, 2 ≤ t ≤ 3.
Therefore, the given line integral can be evaluated as
   
2 2 2
x dx + x y dy = x dx + x y dy = x dx + x y dy + x dx + x2 y dy =
C C1 +C2 C1 C2
 π/2  π/2
!  3  3 
2
(− 2 cos t) 2 sin t dt + (−2 cos t) 2 sin t 2 cos t dt + 0 dt + 0 dt =
0 0 2 2
 π/2  π/2
!
−4 cos t sin t dt + 16 cos3 t sin t dt +0=
0 0
π/2 π/2
−2 sin2 t − 4 cos4 t = −2 − (−4) = 2
0 0
Q.9(9+4=13 pts) Consider the vector field F(x, y) = (3x2 y + sin y)i + (x3 + x cos y + 2y)j

a) Show that F is a conservative vector field on R2 .

Since
∂(x3 + x cos y + 2y) ∂(3x2 y + sin y)
= 3x2 + cos y =
∂x ∂y
and R is a simply connected region, F is a conservative vector field over R2 . Indeed, we can observe
2

this by directly finding a potential for F by finding a scalar valued function φ(x, y) such that φx (x, y) =
3x2 y + sin y and φy (x, y) = x3 + x cos y + 2y as follows:
ˆ Integrating the first equation with respect to x, we obtain that φ(x, y) = x3 y + x sin y + h(y) for
some function h.
ˆ Differentiating this equation with respect to y, we get φy (x, y) = x3 + x cos y + h′ (y).
ˆ Combining this with the initial equation, we get h′ (y) = 2y and hence h(y) = y 2 + c for some
constant c.
Therefore, choosing an arbitrary value for the constant c, we see that φ(x, y) = x3 y + x sin y + y 2 + 119
is a potential for F. 
b) Evaluate the line integral F · dr where C is the part of the curve y = ln x from the point (e2 , 2)
C
to the point (e4 , 4).

Since F is a conservative vector field with potential φ in Part (a), we have that

F · dr = φ(e4 , 4) − φ(e2 , 2) = (4e12 + e4 sin 4 + 16 + 119) − (2e6 + e2 sin 2 + 4 + 119)
C

Q.10 (10 pts) Using Green’s theorem evaluate

y3 x3
dx − dy
C 3 3
where C is the total boundary of the region D = {(x, y) : 1 ≤ x2 + y 2 ≤ 2, 0 ≤ y, x ≤ 0} oriented
counterclockwise.
By Green’s theorem, we have

y3 x3 ∂(−x3 /3) ∂(y 3 /3)
dx − dy = − dA
3 3 ∂x ∂y
C D
= −(x2 + y 2 )dA
D
 π  √
2
= −r2 r dr dθ
π/2 1
 π
√  π
−r4 2 −3 −3π
= dθ = θ=
π/2 4 1 π/2 4 8