Enclonar, Kimberly / MLS 3A

• "Andreas Libavius" - 1615

Intro to Blood Banking o First person to advocate transfusion, though he
March 29, 2021 is not known to have attempted to perform a
Meshane Bato-on, RMT transfusion.
• Transfusion problems: Circulation,
Clotting/Coagulation, Red cell metabolism
Objectives of the Blood Bank
• Ancient Greeks
• Collect whole blood from healthy donors o Believed that blood was formed in the heart,
o Legal age; 50kg
then consumed as it flowed out to the body in
• Collect platelet only from healthy donors by apharesis veins, while air was passed from the lungs to the
• Determine or verify blood groups from donors and body in arteries.
patients
• Erasitratos (270 BC): heart was a pump
o Yellow Bird, Blue Angel
• Andrea Cesalpino (15-19-1603) circulatory system is a
• Have the donation tested for infectious markers branching system
• Prepare the components from whole blood donations • Galen (131-201 AD): proved that arteries contain
• Store the components and deliver them to hospitals blood
• William Boyle and Christopher Wren -1658
Central Dogma of Blood Banking o Infused medication in the veins of dogs then
• Providing the patient only the blood component that observing the effects
he needs:
• Richard Lower 1631-1691
o RBC concentration - hypoxia o Credited for performing the first authentic blood
o Platelet concentrate - apharesis
transfusion
o Fresh frozen plasma
• Jean Baptiste Denis 1667
o Coagulation factors o Performed transfusion of lamb blood into the
o Cryoprecipitate
carotid artery of a young woman
• The underlying concept:
• James Blundell 1818
o Several components can be prepared from a o Attempted human to human transfusion from a
single donation man suffering gastric carcinoma
o One patient may need only one component o Gravitator
▪ To prevent transfusion circulatory overload
• 19th century: A plague of complications by
(TCO) transfusion reactions
▪ Purpura
• Panum and Landois: showed that same species
transfusions were more effective than interspecies
Blood Service Facility Classification
transfusions
• Ownership • Karl Landsteiner 1900
o Government o Discovered the ABO blood group system in 1900
o Private
and won the nobel prize in 1930
• Institutional Character • Other significant persons:
o Hospital based
o 1902 - Sturli and DeCastello discovered the
o Non-hospital based
fourth blood group: AB
▪ PRC-BSF owned, consistent with the
• 1939 - Levine and Stetson
National Voluntary Blood Services Program o Described a severe reaction in a type O woman
(NVBSP) plan. given to her husband's type O blood following
birth.
Interesting facts
• 1940 - Landsteiner and Weiner and Rh typing
• Source of life: Oxygen, proteins, and other essential o Rhesus macaque monkeys
nutrients
• A solution to clotting
• Average 73 kilogram adult = 5 liters of blood o James Blundell
o Male has more blood compared to female
▪ Observed the need for rapid vein-to-vein
• 8% of total body weight transfusion to prevent coagulation
• Coconut water can be used in emergencies as o Anticoagulation
substitute for plama ▪ Bischoff (1835): proposed defibrination
o Low sodium, high potassium
▪ Neudorfer (1860): proposed sodium
• Mosquitos prefer blood type O bicarbonate
• 1 pint of blood can save up to 3 lives. • Lewisohn's Transfusion Method
• Blood is mentioned in different verses in the Holy o Blood is collected in a citrated flask and
Bible, immediately transfused
o Leviticus 17:11 "the life of the flesh is in the
• Kimpton-Brown transfusion apparatus
blood" o Consisted of a paraffin-coated gradient glass
o Mathew 26
cyclinder with a horizontal side tube for suction.
It was in used until 1918
History
• Preservatives
• Ancient civilization have different beliefs: o ACD was supplanted by CPD in 1963
o China 1000 BC: soul/spirit o CPD-A1 in 1980s
o Egyptians: bathe in blood o Cryoprotective agents: glycerol, was utilized in
• Pliny and Celsus: drink the blood of their enemies 1960s
• "First Transfusion Myth" - 1942 • Plastic containers - to facilitate exchange of carbon
o Pope Innocent VII: is said to have received blood
dioxide
from 3 10-year old boys and each of them were
paid.