B

Section II: Free-Response Questions

This is the free-response section of the 2012 AP exam. It includes cover material and
other administrative instructions to help familiarize students with the mechanics of
the exam. (Note that future exams may differ in look from the following content.)
 ®
AP Calculus BC Exam
SECTION II: Free Response 2012
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET OR BREAK THE SEALS ON PART B UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

At a Glance
Total Time
1 hour, 30 minutes
Number of Questions
6
Percent of Total Score
50%
Writing Instrument
Either pencil or pen with
black or dark blue ink
Weight
The questions are
weighted equally, but
the parts of a question
are not necessarily
given equal weight.

Part A Instructions
Number of Questions The questions for Section II are printed in this booklet. Do not break the seals on Part B
2 until you are told to do so. Write your solution to each part of each question in the space
Time provided. Write clearly and legibly. Cross out any errors you make; erased or crossed-out
30 minutes
work will not be scored.
Electronic Device
Graphing calculator Manage your time carefully. During the timed portion for Part A, work only on the
required questions in Part A. You are permitted to use your calculator to solve an equation, find
Percent of Section II Score the derivative of a function at a point, or calculate the value of a definite integral.
33.3%
However, you must clearly indicate the setup of your question, namely the equation,
Part B function, or integral you are using. If you use other built-in features or programs, you
must show the mathematical steps necessary to produce your results. During the timed
Number of Questions
4 portion for Part B, you may continue to work on the questions in Part A without the use
Time of a calculator.
60 minutes For each part of Section II, you may wish to look over the questions before starting to
Electronic Device work on them. It is not expected that everyone will be able to complete all parts of all
None allowed
questions.
Percent of Section II Score
66.6% • Show all of your work. Clearly label any functions, graphs, tables, or other objects that
you use. Your work will be scored on the correctness and completeness of your methods
as well as your answers. Answers without supporting work will usually not receive
credit. Justifications require that you give mathematical (noncalculator) reasons.
• Your work must be expressed in standard mathematical notation rather than calculator

兰 x dx may not be written as fnInt(X , X, 1, 5).

5
2 2
syntax. For example,
1

• Unless otherwise specified, answers (numeric or algebraic) need not be simplified. If you
use decimal approximations in calculations, your work will be scored on accuracy.
Unless otherwise specified, your final answers should be accurate to three places after
the decimal point.
• Unless otherwise specified, the domain of a function f is assumed to be the set of all
real numbers x for which f 共x兲 is a real number.

Form I
Form Code 4IBP-S2

Minimum 20% post-consumer waste

68
 CALCULUS BC
SECTION II, Part A
Time— 30 minutes
Number of problems— 2

A graphing calculator is required for these problems.

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 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
t (minutes) 0 4 9 15 20
W (t ) (degrees Fahrenheit) 55.0 57.1 61.8 67.9 71.0

1. The temperature of water in a tub at time t is modeled by a strictly increasing, twice-differentiable function W,
where W (t ) is measured in degrees Fahrenheit and t is measured in minutes. At time t = 0, the temperature of
the water is 55∞F. The water is heated for 30 minutes, beginning at time t = 0. Values of W (t ) at selected
times t for the first 20 minutes are given in the table above.
(a) Use the data in the table to estimate W ¢(12 ). Show the computations that lead to your answer. Using correct
units, interpret the meaning of your answer in the context of this problem.
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20 20
(b) Use the data in the table to evaluate Ú0 W ¢(t ) dt. Using correct units, interpret the meaning of Ú0 W ¢(t ) dt
in the context of this problem.

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 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 20
20 Ú0
(c) For 0 £ t £ 20, the average temperature of the water in the tub is W (t ) dt. Use a left Riemann sum

1 20
20 Ú0
with the four subintervals indicated by the data in the table to approximate W (t ) dt. Does this
approximation overestimate or underestimate the average temperature of the water over these 20 minutes?
Explain your reasoning.
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(d) For 20 £ t £ 25, the function W that models the water temperature has first derivative given by
W ¢(t ) = 0.4 t cos (0.06t ). Based on the model, what is the temperature of the water at time t = 25 ?

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 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2. For t ≥ 0, a particle is moving along a curve so that its position at time t is ( x (t ) , y(t )) . At time t = 2, the
dx t+2 dy
particle is at position (1, 5) . It is known that = t
and = sin 2 t.
dt e dt
(a) Is the horizontal movement of the particle to the left or to the right at time t = 2 ? Explain your answer.
Find the slope of the path of the particle at time t = 2.
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(b) Find the x-coordinate of the particle’s position at time t = 4.

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 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
(c) Find the speed of the particle at time t = 4. Find the acceleration vector of the particle at time t = 4.
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(d) Find the distance traveled by the particle from time t = 2 to t = 4.

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 CALCULUS BC
SECTION II, Part B
Time— 60 minutes
Number of problems—4

No calculator is allowed for these problems.

DO NOT BREAK THE SEALS UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.

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 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
NO CALCULATOR ALLOWED

3. Let f be the continuous function defined on [ - 4, 3] whose graph, consisting of three line segments and a
x
semicircle centered at the origin, is given above. Let g be the function given by g( x ) = Ú1 f (t ) dt.

(a) Find the values of g(2 ) and g( -2 ).

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(b) For each of g ¢( -3) and g ¢¢( -3) , find the value or state that it does not exist.

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 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
NO CALCULATOR ALLOWED

(c) Find the x-coordinate of each point at which the graph of g has a horizontal tangent line. For each of these
points, determine whether g has a relative minimum, relative maximum, or neither a minimum nor a
maximum at the point. Justify your answers.
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(d) For - 4 < x < 3, find all values of x for which the graph of g has a point of inflection. Explain your
reasoning.

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 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NO CALCULATOR ALLOWED

x 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

f ¢( x ) 8 10 12 13 14.5

4. The function f is twice differentiable for x > 0 with f (1) = 15 and f ¢¢(1) = 20. Values of f ¢, the derivative of
f, are given for selected values of x in the table above.
(a) Write an equation for the line tangent to the graph of f at x = 1. Use this line to approximate f (1.4 ) .
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(b) Use a midpoint Riemann sum with two subintervals of equal length and values from the table to
1.4 1.4
approximate Ú1 f ¢( x ) dx. Use the approximation for Ú1 f ¢( x ) dx to estimate the value of f (1.4 ) . Show
the computations that lead to your answer.

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 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NO CALCULATOR ALLOWED

(c) Use Euler’s method, starting at x = 1 with two steps of equal size, to approximate f (1.4 ) . Show the
computations that lead to your answer.
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(d) Write the second-degree Taylor polynomial for f about x = 1. Use the Taylor polynomial to approximate
f (1.4 ) .

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 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
NO CALCULATOR ALLOWED

5. The rate at which a baby bird gains weight is proportional to the difference between its adult weight and its
current weight. At time t = 0, when the bird is first weighed, its weight is 20 grams. If B(t ) is the weight of the
bird, in grams, at time t days after it is first weighed, then
dB 1
= (100 - B ).
dt 5
Let y = B(t ) be the solution to the differential equation above with initial condition B(0 ) = 20.
(a) Is the bird gaining weight faster when it weighs 40 grams or when it weighs 70 grams? Explain your
reasoning.
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d2B d2B
(b) Find 2
in terms of B. Use to explain why the graph of B cannot resemble the following graph.
dt dt 2

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 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
NO CALCULATOR ALLOWED

(c) Use separation of variables to find y = B(t ) , the particular solution to the differential equation with initial
condition B(0 ) = 20.
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 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
NO CALCULATOR ALLOWED

6. The function g has derivatives of all orders, and the Maclaurin series for g is
• 2 n +1 3 5
 (-1)n 2xn + 3 = 3x - x5 + x7 - ".
n=0

(a) Using the ratio test, determine the interval of convergence of the Maclaurin series for g.
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 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
NO CALCULATOR ALLOWED

1
(b) The Maclaurin series for g evaluated at x = is an alternating series whose terms decrease in absolute
2
value to 0. The approximation for g
1
2()using the first two nonzero terms of this series is
17
120
. Show that

this approximation differs from g

1
2 ()
by less than
1
200
.
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(c) Write the first three nonzero terms and the general term of the Maclaurin series for g ¢( x ).

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 STOP

END OF EXAM

THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS APPLY TO THE COVERS OF THE

SECTION II BOOKLET.

• MAKE SURE YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE IDENTIFICATION

INFORMATION AS REQUESTED ON THE FRONT AND BACK
COVERS OF THE SECTION II BOOKLET.

• CHECK TO SEE THAT YOUR AP NUMBER LABEL APPEARS IN

THE BOX ON THE COVER.

• MAKE SURE YOU HAVE USED THE SAME SET OF AP

NUMBER LABELS ON ALL AP EXAMS YOU HAVE TAKEN
THIS YEAR.

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